The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Conceptual precursors to language
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve?
Hauser, M. D., Chomsky, N., & Fitch, W. T. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569 · Cited by 5,189
Werker, J. F., & Tees, R. C. (1984) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/s0163-6383(84)80022-3 · Cited by 2,801 · cited 1×
“; however, infants' sensitivity to non-native sound distinctions declines over the course of the first yea”
BackgroundLanguage Acquisition and Conceptual Development
(2001) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511620669 · Cited by 1,082
Speech Perception by the Chinchilla: Voiced-Voiceless Distinction in Alveolar Plosive Consonants
Kuhl, P. K., & Miller, J. D. (1975) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1166301 · Cited by 691
Categorical perception of sound frequency by crickets
Wyttenbach, R. A., May, M. L., & Hoy, R. R. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.273.5281.1542 · Cited by 226
Cited by
Core Knowledge of Geometry in an Amazonian Indigene Group
Dehaene, S., Izard, V., Pica, P., & Spelke, E. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1121739 · Cited by 415
Self-citationCategorization in 3- and 4-Month-Old Infants: An Advantage of Words Over Tones
Ferry, A. L., Hespos, S. J., & Waxman, S. R. (2010) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01408.x · Cited by 368
Self-citationSix‐Month‐Olds Comprehend Words That Refer to Parts of the Body
Tincoff, R., & Jusczyk, P. W. (2012) · Infancy · doi:10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00084.x · Cited by 296
Mind games: Game engines as an architecture for intuitive physics
Ullman, T. D., Spelke, E., Battaglia, P., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2017) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2017.05.012 · Cited by 234
Self-citationThe cultural evolution of emergent group-level traits
Smaldino, P. E. (2014) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x13001544 · Cited by 211
Metadata
- Authors
- Hespos, S. J., & Spelke, E. S.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2004-07
- Volume
- 430
- Issue
- 6998
- Pages
- 453-456
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2087382039
- Cited by
- 420
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 33.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Conceptual precursors to language. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nature02634
- The paper
- Hespos, S. J., & Spelke, E. S. (2004). Conceptual precursors to language. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02634
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
