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Early geochemical environment of Mars as determined from thermodynamics of phyllosilicates

Chevrier, Vincent, Poulet, Francois, Bibring, Jean-Pierre·2007·Nature

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Abstract

Images of geomorphological features that seem to have been produced by the action of liquid water have been considered evidence for wet surface conditions on early Mars. Moreover, the recent identification of large deposits of phyllosilicates, associated with the ancient Noachian terrains suggests long-timescale weathering of the primary basaltic crust by liquid water. It has been proposed that a greenhouse effect resulting from a carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere sustained the temperate climate required to maintain liquid water on the martian surface during the Noachian. The apparent absence of carbonates and the low escape rates of carbon dioxide, however, are indicative of an early martian atmosphere with low levels of carbon dioxide. Here we investigate the geochemical conditions prevailing on the surface of Mars during the Noachian period using calculations of the aqueous equilibria of phyllosilicates. Our results show that Fe3+-rich phyllosilicates probably precipitated under weakly acidic to alkaline pH, an environment different from that of the following period, which was dominated by strongly acid weathering that led to the sulphate deposits identified on Mars. Thermodynamic calculations demonstrate that the oxidation state of the martian surface was already high, supporting early escape of hydrogen. Finally, equilibrium with carbonates implies that phyllosilicate precipitation occurs preferentially at a very low partial pressure of carbon dioxide. We suggest that the p…

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Authors: Chevrier, V., Poulet, F., & Bibring, J.-P.
Affiliations: University of Arkansas at Fayetteville (US)
Université Paris-Sud (FR)
Corresponding author: Chevrier, Vincent
ORCID: Chevrier, Vincent
Bibring, Jean-Pierre
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2007-07
Volume: 448
Issue: 7149
Pages: 60-63
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature05961
OpenAlex: W2083184196
Cited by: 208
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 9.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Planetary Science and Exploration
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Keywords: early Mars, Mars atmosphere, phyllosilicates, partial pressure of CO2, greenhouse effect, Noachian period, liquid water, iron oxidation state, hydrogen escape, methane, carbonate equilibrium, clay minerals, Mars Express, acid weathering, thermodynamic calculation
MeSH terms: Carbon Dioxide, Extraterrestrial Environment, Thermodynamics, Water, Silicates, Greenhouse Effect, Mars

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Early geochemical environment of Mars as determined from thermodynamics of phyllosilicates

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