The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Oxygen and hydrogen isotope evidence for a temperate climate 3.42 billion years ago
Abstract
Stable oxygen isotope ratios (delta(18)O) of Precambrian cherts have been used to establish much of our understanding of the early climate history of Earth and suggest that ocean temperatures during the Archaean era ( approximately 3.5 billion years ago) were between 55 degrees C and 85 degrees C (ref. 2). But, because of uncertainty in the delta(18)O of the primitive ocean, there is considerable debate regarding this conclusion. Examination of modern and ancient cherts indicates that another approach, using a combined analysis of delta(18)O and hydrogen isotopes (deltaD) rather than delta(18)O alone, can provide a firmer constraint on formational temperatures without independent knowledge of the isotopic composition of ambient waters. Here we show that delta(18)O and deltaD sampled from 3.42-billion-year-old Buck Reef Chert rocks in South Africa are consistent with formation from waters at varied low temperatures. The most (18)O-enriched Buck Reef Chert rocks record the lowest diagenetic temperatures and were formed in equilibrium with waters below approximately 40 degrees C. Geochemical and sedimentary evidence suggests that the Buck Reef Chert was formed in shallow to deep marine conditions, so our results indicate that the Palaeoarchaean ocean was isotopically depleted relative to the modern ocean and far cooler (<or=40 degrees C) than previously thought.
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In the citing paper
“Combined O and H isotope ratios have suggested surface temperatures <40°C (52), while O isotopes in Archean phosphates have produced 26° to 35°C upper limits (53).”
From The Archean atmosphere (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“However, with a faint young sun, the surface of the early Earth may have been cold enough for significant ocean ice to form (Kienert et al. 2012;Feulner 2012), and the environment of the early Earth may have been more temperate than the traditional model suggests (Hren et al. 2009;Vincent et al. 2004).”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Hren et al. 2009
In the citing paper
“Recent work suggesting that the early Earth was more temperate (Valley et al. 2002;Hren et al. 2009), and the flux of impactors smaller and less damaging than previously thought (Boehnke and Harrison 2016;Abramov and Mojzsis 2009) predicts that, as a whole, the early Earth could have provided a range of environmental niches stable for millions of years.”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Hren et al. 2009
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hren, M. T., Tice, M. M., & Chamberlain, C. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hren, M. T.
- Tice, M. M.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 462
- Issue
- 7270
- Pages
- 205-208
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1987288872
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 6.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Keywords
- oxygen isotopes, hydrogen isotopes, Precambrian cherts, early Earth climate, paleoclimate reconstruction, diagenesis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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