The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Fossilized melanosomes and the colour of Cretaceous dinosaurs and birds
Abstract
Spectacular fossils from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Group of northeastern China have greatly expanded our knowledge of the diversity and palaeobiology of dinosaurs and early birds, and contributed to our understanding of the origin of birds, of flight, and of feathers. Pennaceous (vaned) feathers and integumentary filaments are preserved in birds and non-avian theropod dinosaurs, but little is known of their microstructure. Here we report that melanosomes (colour-bearing organelles) are not only preserved in the pennaceous feathers of early birds, but also in an identical manner in integumentary filaments of non-avian dinosaurs, thus refuting recent claims that the filaments are partially decayed dermal collagen fibres. Examples of both eumelanosomes and phaeomelanosomes have been identified, and they are often preserved in life position within the structure of partially degraded feathers and filaments. Furthermore, the data here provide empirical evidence for reconstructing the colours and colour patterning of these extinct birds and theropod dinosaurs: for example, the dark-coloured stripes on the tail of the theropod dinosaur Sinosauropteryx can reasonably be inferred to have exhibited chestnut to reddish-brown tones.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Similar fossilized feather traces have been found to preserve colour-imparting organelles called melanosomes 12-16 , which consist of melanins, the most widespread and abundant pigments in animals and found in the feathers of all birds (excluding albinos) 4 .”
From New evidence on the colour and nature of the isolated Archaeopteryx feather (2012) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“the morphological properties of the associated melanosomes have been used to reconstruct various plumage colours of extinct dinosaurs 12-16 .”
From New evidence on the colour and nature of the isolated Archaeopteryx feather (2012) · cites this paper as [16]
Citations
Cites
An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem
Zhou, Z., Barrett, P. M., & Hilton, J. M. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01420 · Cited by 642
Self-citationAn exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of China
Chen, P., Dong, Z.-M., & Zhen, S. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/34356 · Cited by 606
Two feathered dinosaurs from northeastern China
Qiang, J., Currie, P. J., Norell, M. A., & Shu-An, J. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/31635 · Cited by 580
Four-winged dinosaurs from China
Xu, X., Zhou, Z., Wang, X., Kuang, X., Zhang, F., & Du, X. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01342 · Cited by 485
Self-citationThe Evolutionary Origin And Diversification Of Feathers
Prum, R. O., & Brush, A. H. (2002) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/341993 · Cited by 331
A dromaeosaurid dinosaur with a filamentous integument from the Yixian Formation of China
Xu, X., Wang, X.-L., & Wu, X.-C. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/45769 · Cited by 314
Self-citationPrum, R. O., & Torres, R. H. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.00431 · Cited by 249
Biology of the integument. 2. Vertebrates.
Bereiter‐Hahn, J., Matoltsy, A. G., & Richards, K. S. (1986) · Cited by 213
Vinther, J., Briggs, D. E. G., Prum, R. O., & Saranathan, V. (2008) · Biology Letters · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0302 · Cited by 204
An Early Cretaceous heterodontosaurid dinosaur with filamentous integumentary structures
Zheng, X., You, H., Xu, X., & Dong, Z.-M. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07856 · Cited by 189
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 30 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Xu, X. & Wang, X. A. A new maniraptoran from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning. Vertebr. PalAsiat. 41, 195–202 (2003)
- McGraw, K. J. in Bird Coloration. 1. Mechanisms and Measurements (eds Hill, G. E. & McGraw, K. J.) 243–294 (Harvard Univ. Press, 2006)
- Wuttke, M. “Weichteil-Erhaltung” durch lithifizierte Mikroorganismen bei mittel-eozänen Vetebraten aus den Ölschiefern der “Grube Messel” bei Darmstadt. Senck. Leth. 64, 509–527 (1983)
- Prum, R. O. in Bird Coloration Vol. 1 (eds Hill, G. E. & McGraw, K. J.) 295–353 (Harvard Univ. Press, 2006)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 301
Slater, T. S., McNamara, M. E., Orr, P. J., Foley, T., Ito, S., & Wakamatsu, K. (2019) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.12445 · Cited by 27
Self-citationA fully feathered enantiornithine foot and wing fragment preserved in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber
Xing, L., McKellar, R. C., O'Connor, J. K., Bai, M., Tseng, K., & Chiappe, L. M. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37427-4 · Cited by 26
Structural colours in diverse Mesozoic insects
Cai, C., Tihelka, E., Pan, Y., Yin, Z., JIANG, R.-X., Xia, F., & Huang, D. (2020) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.0301 · Cited by 26
Nanoparticles derived from naturally occurring metal chelators for theranostic applications
Jung, W., Lee, D. Y., Moon, E., & Jon, S. (2022) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2022.114620 · Cited by 25
Fossil melanosomes or bacteria? A wealth of findings favours melanosomes
Vinther, J. (2015) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.201500168 · Cited by 25
Prado, G., Anelli, L. E., Petri, S., & Romero, G. R. (2016) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.1916 · Cited by 26
What can infrared spectroscopy do for characterizing organic remnant in fossils?
Bobroff, V., Chen, H., Javerzat, S., & Petibois, C. (2016) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2016.07.005 · Cited by 26
Vitek, N., Vinther, J., Schiffbauer, J. D., Briggs, D. E. G., & Prum, R. O. (2013) · Paläontologische Zeitschrift · doi:10.1007/s12542-013-0173-5 · Cited by 24
Rapid preservation of Jehol Biota in Northeast China from high precision 40Ar/39Ar geochronology
Li, Y., Jicha, B. R., Yu, Z., Wu, H., Wang, X., Singer, B. S., He, H., & Zhou, Z. (2022) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117718 · Cited by 23
Self-citationNaming dinosaur species: the performance of prolific authors
Benton, M. J. (2010) · Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology · doi:10.1080/02724634.2010.501462 · Cited by 23
Self-citationSchweitzer, M. H., Lindgren, J., & Moyer, A. E. (2015) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.201500061 · Cited by 22
Proteomes of the past: the pursuit of proteins in paleontology
Thomas, B. C., & Taylor, S. (2019) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1080/14789450.2019.1700114 · Cited by 22
Chemistry and Analysis of Organic Compounds in Dinosaurs
Tahoun, M., Engeser, M., Namasivayam, V., Sander, P. M., & Müller, C. E. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11050670 · Cited by 22
Gren, J. A., Sjövall, P., Eriksson, M. E., SYLVESTERSEN, R. L., Marone, F., Clauss, K. G. V. S., Taylor, G. J., Carlson, S., Uvdal, P., & Lindgren, J. (2016) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.12271 · Cited by 22
Gurme, S. T., Aware, C. B., Surwase, S. N., Chavan, C., & Jadhav, J. P. (2019) · Journal of Polymers and the Environment · doi:10.1007/s10924-019-01529-5 · Cited by 22
Benton, M. J., Schouten, R., Drewitt, E. J. A., & Viegas, P. A. (2011) · Proceedings of the Geologists Association · doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2011.07.004 · Cited by 21
Self-citationLingham‐Soliar, T. (2011) · Journal für Ornithologie · doi:10.1007/s10336-011-0787-x · Cited by 21
Transcriptomic and genomic changes associated with radioadaptation in Exophiala dermatitidis
Malo, M. E., Schultzhaus, Z. S., Frank, C., Romsdahl, J., Wang, Z., & Dadachova, E. (2020) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.013 · Cited by 21
Lingham‐Soliar, T., & Glab, J. (2010) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.019 · Cited by 20
Wang, M., & Zhou, Z. (2018) · Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society · doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly045 · Cited by 20
Self-citationEmbryos in deep time: the rock record of biological development
Sánchez-Villagra, M. R. (2012) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.50-0293 · Cited by 20
O'Connor, J. K. (2020) · Fascinating life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27223-4_9 · Cited by 20
On the purported presence of fossilized collagen fibres in an ichthyosaur and a theropod dinosaur
Smithwick, F. M., Mayr, G., Saitta, E. T., Benton, M. J., & Vinther, J. (2017) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.12292 · Cited by 19
Self-citationA polar dinosaur feather assemblage from Australia
Kundrát, M., Rich, T. H., Lindgren, J., Sjövall, P., Vickers-Rich, P., Chiappe, L. M., & Kear, B. P. (2019) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2019.10.004 · Cited by 19
Horizontal Gene Transfers with or without Cell Fusions in All Categories of the Living Matter
Sinkovics, J. G. (2011) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0782-5_2 · Cited by 19
Elaborate plumage patterning in a Cretaceous bird
Li, Q., Clarke, J. A., Gao, K., Peteya, J. A., & Shawkey, M. D. (2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.5831 · Cited by 19
Knight, T. K., Bingham, P. S., LEWIS, R. D., & Savrda, C. E. (2011) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2010.p10-091r · Cited by 18
Plant colour as a visual aspect of biological conservation
Grose, M. J. (2012) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.05.008 · Cited by 18
Negro, J. J., Finlayson, C., & Galván, I. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19020230 · Cited by 18
Investigating Nanoscopic Structures on a Butterfly Wing To Explore Solvation and Coloration
Bober, B. A., Ogata, J. K., Martinez, V. E., Hallinan, J. J., Leach, T. A., & Negru, B. (2018) · Journal of Chemical Education · doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.7b00463 · Cited by 18
From melanogenesis to melanin technologies
Al‐Shamery, N., Biyashev, D., Blancafort, L., Camus, A., Gianneschi, N. C., Graeff, C. F. O., Kohler, B., Li, S., Lu, K. Q., Lumb, J., et al. (2025) · Communications Chemistry · doi:10.1038/s42004-025-01731-8 · Cited by 17
Lazarus in the museum: resurrecting historic specimens through new technology
Sumner‐Rooney, L. H., & Sigwart, J. D. (2017) · Invertzool · doi:10.15298/invertzool.14.1.11 · Cited by 17
The dinosaur boom in the Cretaceous
Benton, M. J. (2023) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp544-2023-70 · Cited by 17
Self-citationRhetoric vs. reality: A commentary on “Bird Origins Anew” by A. Feduccia
Smith, N., Chiappe, L. M., Clarke, J. A., Edwards, S. V., Nesbitt, S. J., Norell, M. A., Stidham, T. A., Turner, A. H., van Tuinen, M., Vinther, J., et al. (2015) · The Auk · doi:10.1642/auk-14-203.1 · Cited by 17
Self-citationBarbi, M., Bell, P. R., Fanti, F., Dynes, J. J., Kolaceke, A. P., Buttigieg, J. A., Coulson, I. M., & Currie, P. J. (2019) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.7875 · Cited by 17
Mörs, T., & Kalthoff, D. C. (2010) · Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments · doi:10.1007/s12549-009-0020-6 · Cited by 17
EXPERIMENTAL MATURATION OF FEATHERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERPRETATIONS OF FOSSIL FEATHERS
Zhao, T., Hu, J., Hu, L., & Pan, Y. (2020) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2019.064 · Cited by 16
The evolution of the feather: Sinosauropteryx, a colourful tail
Lingham‐Soliar, T. (2010) · Journal für Ornithologie · doi:10.1007/s10336-010-0620-y · Cited by 16
The slow rise of complex life as revealed through biomarker genetics
Gold, D. A. (2018) · Emerging Topics in Life Sciences · doi:10.1042/etls20170150 · Cited by 16
Konservat-Lagerstätten 40 Years On: The Exceptional Becomes Mainstream
Briggs, D. E. G. (2014) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600002771 · Cited by 16
Heinrichs, J., Schmidt, A. R., Schäfer‐Verwimp, A., Bauerschmidt, L., Neumann, C. H., Gröhn, C., Krings, M., & Renner, M. A. M. (2016) · Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology · doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2016.09.004 · Cited by 15
Palaeoecology, Aerodynamics, and the Origin of Avian Flight
Chatterjee, S., & Templin, R. J. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3428-1_18 · Cited by 15
New information on the plumage of Protopteryx (Aves: Enantiornithes) from a new specimen
O'Connor, J. K., Zheng, X., Pan, Y., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., & Zhou, Z. (2020) · Cretaceous Research · doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104577 · Cited by 14
Self-citationDavis, S. N., & Clarke, J. A. (2021) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/evo.14393 · Cited by 14
Saitta, E. T., & Vinther, J. (2019) · Palaeontologia Electronica · doi:10.26879/1017e · Cited by 14
Benton, M. J. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1257633 · Cited by 14
Self-citationPizarro-Galleguillos, B., Kunert, L., Brüggemann, N., & Prasuhn, J. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232213678 · Cited by 13
Natural dyes and pigments in food and beverages
Gürses, A., Açıkyıldız, M., Güneş, K., & Sahin, E. M. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15213-9.00013-2 · Cited by 12
Edwards, N. P., Manning, P. L., & Wogelius, R. A. (2014) · Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research · doi:10.1111/pcmr.12271 · Cited by 12
Foth, C., Haug, C., Haug, J. T., Tischlinger, H., & Rauhut, O. W. M. (2020) · Fascinating life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27223-4_6 · Cited by 11
Slater, T. S., Ito, S., Wakamatsu, K., Zhang, F., Sjövall, P., Jarenmark, M., Lindgren, J., & McNamara, M. E. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40570-w · Cited by 11
Self-citationXing, L., O'Connor, J. K., Niu, K., Cockx, P. F. D., Mai, H., & McKellar, R. C. (2020) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00264 · Cited by 11
Košťák, M., Schlögl, J., Culka, A., Tomášových, A., Mazuch, M., & Hudáčková, N. (2018) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.005 · Cited by 11
Fungal melanins and their potential applications: A Review
Castillo, S. N. S., Peña, H. A. L., Díaz, R., Peña-Solis, K., Ponce‐Alquicira, E., Soriano-Santos, J., & Dı́az-Godı́nez, G. (2023) · BioResources · doi:10.15376/biores.18.4.castillo · Cited by 10
The origin and early evolution of feathers: implications, uncertainties and future prospects
Xu, X., & Barrett, P. M. (2025) · Biology Letters · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2024.0517 · Cited by 10
Self-citationHow nature produces blue colors
Simonis, P., & Berthier, S. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/32410 · Cited by 10
Sales, M. A. F., Cascon, P., & Schultz, C. L. (2014) · Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências · doi:10.1590/0001-37652013100412 · Cited by 10
Cincotta, A., Tu, T. T. N., Colaux, J. L., Terwagne, G., Derenne, S., Godefroit, P., Carleer, R., Anquetil, C., & Yans, J. (2020) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.12494 · Cited by 9
Díaz‐Martínez, I., Citton, P., & Castanera, D. (2023) · Journal of Iberian Geology · doi:10.1007/s41513-023-00226-6 · Cited by 9
On the Preservation of the Beak in Confuciusornis (Aves: Pygostylia)
Falk, A. R., O'Connor, J. K., Wang, M., & Zhou, Z. (2019) · Diversity · doi:10.3390/d11110212 · Cited by 9
Self-citationLingham‐Soliar, T. (2012) · Journal für Ornithologie · doi:10.1007/s10336-012-0910-7 · Cited by 9
Roy, A., Pittman, M., Kaye, T. G., & Saitta, E. T. (2023) · Paleobiology · doi:10.1017/pab.2023.11 · Cited by 8
Wang, X., Cau, A., Guo, B., Ma, F., Qing, G., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24602-x · Cited by 8
Self-citationA Morphological Review of the Enigmatic Elongated Tail Feathers of Stem Birds
Foth, C. (2020) · Fascinating life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27223-4_10 · Cited by 7
Taphonomic variation in vascular remains from Mesozoic non-avian dinosaurs
Schweitzer, M. H., Zheng, W., Dickinson, E., Scannella, J. B., Hartstone‐Rose, A., Sjövall, P., & Lindgren, J. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-85497-y · Cited by 7
Feather diversity in the Barremian (Early Cretaceous) of Las Hoyas, Spain
Marugán‐Lobón, J., & Vullo, R. (2011) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2011.02.002 · Cited by 7
FANTASY VS REALITY: A Critique of Smith et al.'s Bird Origins
Feduccia, A. (2016) · The Open Ornithology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874453201609010014 · Cited by 7
Grose, M. J. (2015) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.10.003 · Cited by 7
Muscente, A. D., Czaja, A. D., Riedman, L. A., & Colleary, C. (2017) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_185-1 · Cited by 7
Chemoenzymatic Isolation and Characterization of High Purity Mammalian Melanin
Kalaj, B. N., Ni, Q. Z., Clair, J. J. L., Deheyn, D. D., & Burkart, M. D. (2022) · ChemBioChem · doi:10.1002/cbic.202200021 · Cited by 6
Forged soft tissues revealed in the oldest fossil reptile from the early Permian of the Alps
Rossi, V., Bernardi, M., Fornasiero, M., Nestola, F., Unitt, R., Castelli, S., & Kustatscher, E. (2024) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.12690 · Cited by 6
Arnaiz‐Villena, A., Ruiz-del-Valle, V., Reche, P. A., Gómez-Prieto, P., Lowry, E., Zamora, J., Areces, C., Rey, D., Parga, C., & Serrano-Vela, J. I. (2010) · The Open Ornithology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874453201003010156 · Cited by 6
Chiappe, L. M. (2012) · BioScience · doi:10.1525/bio.2012.62.8.11 · Cited by 6
Perspectivas atuais sobre tecidos moles não mineralizados em fósseis de dinossauros não avianos
Alves, E. F., & Machado, M. F. (2020) · Terrae Didatica · doi:10.20396/td.v16i0.8659539 · Cited by 6
Reply to: No protofeathers on pterosaurs
Yang, Z., Jiang, B., McNamara, M. E., Kearns, S., Pittman, M., Kaye, T. G., Orr, P. J., Xu, X., & Benton, M. J. (2020) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-020-01309-8 · Cited by 6
Self-citationThree stages of post mortem opisthotonus uniquely captured in the dinosaur Sinosauropteryx
Lingham‐Soliar, T. (2014) · Journal für Ornithologie · doi:10.1007/s10336-014-1123-z · Cited by 5
Falk, D., Wings, O., Unitt, R., Wade, J., & McNamara, M. E. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55822-y · Cited by 5
McKellar, R. C., Chatterton, B. D. E., Wolfe, A. P., & Currie, P. J. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1216484 · Cited by 5
Zhou, Z., & Wang, Y. (2010) · Journal of Earth Science · doi:10.1007/s12583-010-0220-z · Cited by 5
Self-citationRods and cones in an enantiornithine bird eye from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota
Tanaka, G., Zhou, B., Zhang, Y., Siveter, D. J., & Parker, A. R. (2017) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00479 · Cited by 5
New Information on the Keratinous Beak of Confuciusornis (Aves: Pygostylia) From Two New Specimens
Zheng, X., O'Connor, J. K., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Yin, X., Zhang, X., & Zhou, Z. (2020) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00367 · Cited by 5
Self-citationMolecular vibration as a novel explanatory mechanism for the expression of animal colouration
Galván, I., Cerezo, J., Jorge, A., & Wakamatsu, K. (2018) · Integrative Biology · doi:10.1039/c8ib00100f · Cited by 5
Lin, G., Li, A., & Chuong, C. (2020) · Fascinating life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27223-4_2 · Cited by 4
Benton, M. J., Currie, P. J., & Xu, X. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.064 · Cited by 4
Self-citationDinosaur Evolution: Feathers Up for Selection
Zhou, Z. (2014) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.07.017 · Cited by 4
Self-citationA colourful view of the origin of dinosaur feathers
Benton, M. J. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01036-z · Cited by 4
Self-citationCelebrating dinosaurs: their behaviour, evolution, growth, and physiology
Currie, P. J. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/cjes-2022-0131 · Cited by 5
Immature feathers preserved in Burmite provide evidence of rapid molting in enantiornithines
O'Connor, J. K., Kiat, Y., Ma, H., Ai, T., Lihua, W., & Bi, S. (2023) · Cretaceous Research · doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105572 · Cited by 4
The Effect of Reverse Sorption on an Extraction Kinetics Melanin Case
Lomovskiy, I. O., Kiryanov, A., & Skripkina, T. S. (2023) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr11113192 · Cited by 4
Tamborini, M. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11081120 · Cited by 4
Zhao, T., Li, Z., Zhang, H., & Pan, Y. (2022) · Journal of Palaeogeography · doi:10.1016/j.jop.2022.08.002 · Cited by 4
Redelstorff, R., & Orr, P. J. (2015) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2014.050 · Cited by 4
Self-citationPrehistoric animals, in living color
Dance, A. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1610795113 · Cited by 4
Fossil pigments and pigment organelles - colouration in deep time
Martin, E. (2012) · Lund University Publications Student Papers (Lund University) · Cited by 4
Norell, M. A. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1212049 · Cited by 4
Mahajan, S. G., Nandre, V., Kodam, K. M., & Kulkarni, M. V. (2024) · Materials Advances · doi:10.1039/d2ma01097f · Cited by 3
Naish, D. (2024) · Historical Biology · doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2421268 · Cited by 3
Sugiura, S., & Masuya, H. (2015) · Die Naturwissenschaften · doi:10.1007/s00114-015-1275-6 · Cited by 3
Woodruff, D. C., Naish, D., & Dunning, J. (2020) · Historical Biology · doi:10.1080/08912963.2020.1731806 · Cited by 3
“Extreme dinosaurs” and the continuing evolution of dinosaur paleoart
Allmon, W. D. (2021) · Geological Society of America eBooks · doi:10.1130/2021.1218(23 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, F., Kearns, S. L., Orr, P. J., Benton, M. J., Zhou, Z., Johnson, D., Xu, X., & Wang, X.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- University College Dublin (IE)
- The Open University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Benton, Michael J.
- Zhou, Zhonghe
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2010-01-27
- Volume
- 463
- Issue
- 7284
- Pages
- 1075-1078
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1966587486
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 15.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Research Online (The Open University) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/E011055/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Fossil Insects in Amber
- Keywords
- feathered dinosaurs, early birds, Jehol Group, Cretaceous, feather microstructure, collagen fibers, theropod dinosaurs
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Birds, China, Color, Feathers, Fossils, Phylogeny, Pigmentation, Melanosomes, Dinosaurs, Integumentary System, Extinction, Biological
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
