The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tumour micro-environment elicits innate resistance to RAF inhibitors through HGF secretion
Open accessAbstract
Drug resistance presents a challenge to the treatment of cancer patients. Many studies have focused on cell-autonomous mechanisms of drug resistance. By contrast, we proposed that the tumour micro-environment confers innate resistance to therapy. Here we developed a co-culture system to systematically assay the ability of 23 stromal cell types to influence the innate resistance of 45 cancer cell lines to 35 anticancer drugs. We found that stroma-mediated resistance is common, particularly to targeted agents. We characterized further the stroma-mediated resistance of BRAF-mutant melanoma to RAF inhibitors because most patients with this type of cancer show some degree of innate resistance. Proteomic analysis showed that stromal cell secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) resulted in activation of the HGF receptor MET, reactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K)–AKT signalling pathways, and immediate resistance to RAF inhibition. Immunohistochemistry experiments confirmed stromal cell expression of HGF in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma and showed a significant correlation between HGF expression by stromal cells and innate resistance to RAF inhibitor treatment. Dual inhibition of RAF and either HGF or MET resulted in reversal of drug resistance, suggesting RAF plus HGF or MET inhibitory combination therapy as a potential therapeutic strategy for BRAF-mutant melanoma. A similar resistance mechanism was uncovered in a subset of BRAF-mutant colorectal and glioblastoma cell lines. More generally, this study indicates that the systematic dissection of interactions between tumours and their micro-environment can uncover important mechanisms underlying drug resistance.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The tumor microenvironment is a complex ecosystem comprised of multiple cell types that support the growth of tumor cells, facilitate tumor progression, and modulate therapeutic response to anti-cancer treatments [29,99,100,120,121].”
From Emerging Insights into Targeted Therapy-Tolerant Persister Cells in Cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [99]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In addition, HGF has been implicated in mediating resistance to BRAF-targeted therapies by providing an alternative BRAF-independent mechanism for ERK–MAPK activation113.”
From A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts (2020) · cites this paper as [113]
In the citing paper
“By screening cancer-fibroblast co-cultures with a panel of cytotoxic and targeted agents, Straussman et al. identified that HGF-secreting fibroblasts rescued BRAF mutant melanoma cells from the BRAF inhibitor PLX4720 [99].”
From Emerging Insights into Targeted Therapy-Tolerant Persister Cells in Cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [99]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Improved survival with vemurafenib in melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation
Chapman, P. B., Hauschild, A., Robert, C., Haanen, J. B., Ascierto, P., Larkin, J., Dummer, R., Garbe, C., Testori, A., Maio, M., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1103782 · Cited by 7,720
Self-citationKalluri, R., & Zeisberg, M. (2006) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1877 · Cited by 4,538
MET Amplification Leads to Gefitinib Resistance in Lung Cancer by Activating ERBB3 Signaling
Engelman, J. A., Zejnullahu, K., Mitsudomi, T., Song, Y., Hyland, C., Park, J. O., Lindeman, N., Gale, C.-M., Zhao, X., Christensen, J., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1141478 · Cited by 4,496
Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis
Joyce, J. A., & Pollard, J. W. (2009) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2618 · Cited by 3,684
Inhibition of Mutated, Activated BRAF in Metastatic Melanoma
Flaherty, K. T., Puzanov, I., Kim, K. B., Ribas, A., McArthur, G. A., Sosman, J. A., O'Dwyer, P. J., Lee, R. J., Grippo, J. F., Nolop, K., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1002011 · Cited by 3,103
Self-citationMelanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF(V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation
Nazarian, R., Shi, H., Wang, Q., Kong, X., Koya, R. C., Lee, H., Chen, Z., Lee, M., Attar, N., Sazegar, H., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09626 · Cited by 2,244
Self-citationSurvival in BRAF V600-mutant advanced melanoma treated with vemurafenib
Sosman, J. A., Kim, K. B., Schuchter, L., Gonzalez, R., Pavlick, A. C., Weber, J. S., McArthur, G. A., Hutson, T. E., Moschos, S. J., Flaherty, K. T., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1112302 · Cited by 2,156
Self-citationUnresponsiveness of colon cancer to BRAF(V600E) inhibition through feedback activation of EGFR
Prahallad, A., Sun, C., Huang, S., Di Nicolantonio, F., Salazar, R., Zecchin, D., Beijersbergen, R. L., Bardelli, A., & Bernards, R. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10868 · Cited by 2,051
Clinical efficacy of a RAF inhibitor needs broad target blockade in BRAF-mutant melanoma
Bollag, G. E., Hirth, P., Tsai, J. Y., Zhang, J., Ibrahim, P. N., Cho, H., Spevak, W. R., Zhang, C., Zhang, Y., Habets, G. G. M., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09454 · Cited by 1,875
Self-citationCOT drives resistance to RAF inhibition through MAP kinase pathway reactivation
Johannessen, C. M., Boehm, J. S., Kim, S. Y., Thomas, S. R., Wardwell, L., Johnson, L. A., Emery, C. M., Stransky, N., Cogdill, A. P., Barretina, J., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09627 · Cited by 1,460
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 1,001
New Mechanisms of Resistance to MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma Revealed by Intravital Imaging
Brighton, H. E., Angus, S. P., Bo, T., Roques, J., Tagliatela, A. C., Darr, D. B., Karagoz, K., Sciaky, N., Gatza, M. L., Sharpless, N. E., et al. (2017) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1653 · Cited by 74
Gold Nanoparticle Transforms Activated Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Quiescence
Hossen, M. N., Rao, G., Dey, A., Robertson, J. D., Bhattacharya, R., & Mukherjee, P. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.9b03313 · Cited by 70
Destabilization of NOXA mRNA as a common resistance mechanism to targeted therapies
Montero, J., Gstalder, C., Kim, D. J., Sadowicz, D. E., Miles, W. O., Manos, M. P., Cidado, J. R., Secrist, J. P., Tron, A. E., Flaherty, K. T., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12477-y · Cited by 71
Self-citationWang, E., Zou, J., Zaman, N., Beitel, L. K., Trifiro, M. A., & Paliouras, M. (2013) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.06.001 · Cited by 70
Targeting oncogenic BRAF and aberrant MAPK activation in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma
Carlino, M. S., Long, G. V., Kefford, R. F., & Rizos, H. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.08.021 · Cited by 72
Airiau, K., Mahon, F., Josselin, M., Jeanneteau, M., & Belloc, F. (2013) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.309 · Cited by 73
AEBP1 upregulation confers acquired resistance to BRAF (V600E) inhibition in melanoma
Hu, W., Jin, L., Jiang, C. C., Long, G. V., Scolyer, R. A., Wu, Q., Zhang, X. D., Mei, Y., & Wu, M. (2013) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.441 · Cited by 72
Fibroblast-associated tumour microenvironment induces vascular structure-networked tumouroid
Lee, S. W., Kwak, H. S., Kang, M.-H., Park, Y.-Y., & Jeong, G. S. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20886-0 · Cited by 68
A bladder cancer microenvironment simulation system based on a microfluidic co-culture model
Liu, P.-F., Cao, Y.-W., Zhang, S.-D., Zhao, Y., Liu, X.-G., Shi, H.-Q., Hu, K.-Y., Zhu, G.-Q., Ma, B., & Niu, H.-T. (2015) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.6070 · Cited by 68
Targeted Therapy Resistance Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications in Melanoma
Chen, G., & Davies, M. A. (2014) · Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2014.03.001 · Cited by 66
Paracrine Effect of NRG1 and HGF Drives Resistance to MEK Inhibitors in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Cheng, H., Terai, M., Kageyama, K., Ozaki, S., McCue, P. A., Sato, T., & Aplin, A. E. (2015) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0370 · Cited by 67
Mehnert, J. M., Mitchell, T. C., Huang, A. C. C., Alemán, T. S., Kim, B. J., Schuchter, L. M., Linette, G. P., Karakousis, G. C., Mitnick, S., Giles, L., et al. (2022) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3382 · Cited by 69
Prognostic Significance in Breast Cancer of a Gene Signature Capturing Stromal PDGF Signaling
Frings, O., Augsten, M., Tobin, N. P., Carlson, J. W., Paulsson, J., Peña, C., Olsson, E., Veerla, S., Bergh, J. C. S., Östman, A., et al. (2013) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.02.018 · Cited by 67
Sabbatino, F., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Flaherty, K. T., Yu, L. D., Pépin, D., Scognamiglio, G., Pepe, S., Kirkwood, J. M., Cooper, Z. A., et al. (2014) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.1878 · Cited by 65
Self-citationRukhlenko, O. S., Khorsand, F., Krstić, A., Rožanc, J., Alexopoulos, L. G., Rauch, N., Erickson, K. E., Hlavacek, W. S., Posner, R. G., Gómez‐Coca, S., et al. (2018) · Cell Systems · doi:10.1016/j.cels.2018.06.002 · Cited by 68
Berestjuk, I., Lecacheur, M., Carminati, A., Diazzi, S., Rovera, C., Prod’homme, V., Ohanna, M., Popovic, A., Mallavialle, A., Larbret, F., et al. (2021) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.201911814 · Cited by 69
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Fall into Distinct Classes Based on Their Inferred Signaling Networks
Wagner, J. P., Wolf‐Yadlin, A., Sevecka, M., Grenier, J. K., Root, D. E., Lauffenburger, D. A., & MacBeath, G. (2013) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/scisignal.2003994 · Cited by 68
Folate-Targeted Multifunctional Amino Acid-Chitosan Nanoparticles for Improved Cancer Therapy
Gaspar, V. M., Costa, E. C., Queiroz, J. A., Pichon, C., de Sousa, F. P., & Correia, I. J. (2014) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-014-1486-0 · Cited by 66
Norton, K., Jin, K., & Popel, A. S. (2018) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.05.003 · Cited by 66
Peritoneal Fluid Cytokines Reveal New Insights of Endometriosis Subphenotypes
Zhou, J., Chern, B. S. M., Barton‐Smith, P., Phoon, J. W. L., Tan, T. Y., Viardot-Foucault, V., Ku, C. W., Tan, H. H., Chan, J. K. Y., & Lee, Y. H. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21103515 · Cited by 64
Dzobo, K., & Dandara, C. (2020) · OMICS A Journal of Integrative Biology · doi:10.1089/omi.2020.0023 · Cited by 65
Beutel, A. K., Schütte, L. D., Scheible, J., Roger, É., Müller, M., Perkhofer, L., Kestler, A. M. T. U., Kraus, J. M., Kestler, H. A., Barth, T. F. E., et al. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13112539 · Cited by 67
Mechanisms of resistance to EGFR targeted therapies
Hrustanovic, G., Lee, B. J., & Bivona, T. G. (2013) · Cancer Biology & Therapy · doi:10.4161/cbt.23627 · Cited by 67
Developments in targeted therapy in melanoma
Amann, V. C., Ramelyte, E., Thurneysen, S., Pitocco, R., Jaberg-Bentele, N. F., Goldinger, S. M., Dummer, R., & Mangana, J. (2016) · European Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2016.10.014 · Cited by 71
You, K. S., Yi, Y. W., Cho, J., Park, J., & Seong, Y. (2021) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph14060589 · Cited by 64
Szabó, P. M., Vajdi, A., Kumar, N., Tolstorukov, M. Y., Chen, B. J., Edwards, R. H., Ligon, K. L., Chasalow, S. D., Chow, K.-H., Shetty, A., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28480-9 · Cited by 71
Shah, S. H., Miller, P., García-Contreras, M., Ao, Z., Machlin, L., Issa, E., & El‐Ashry, D. (2015) · Cancer Biology & Therapy · doi:10.1080/15384047.2015.1071742 · Cited by 65
The role played by the microenvironment in site-specific metastasis
Klein-Goldberg, A., Maman, S., & Witz, I. P. (2013) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.029 · Cited by 64
Discrete cytosolic macromolecular BRAF complexes exhibit distinct activities and composition
Diedrich, B., Rigbolt, K. T. G., Röring, M., Herr, R., Kaeser-Pebernard, S., Gretzmeier, C., Murphy, R. F., Brummer, T., & Dengjel, J. (2017) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201694732 · Cited by 64
Mechanisms and clinical implications of tumor heterogeneity and convergence on recurrent phenotypes
McQuerry, J. A., Chang, J. T., Bowtell, D. D. L., Cohen, A. L., & Bild, A. H. (2017) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-017-1587-4 · Cited by 63
Kadel, D., Zhang, Y., Sun, H., Zhao, Y., Dong, Q., & Qin, L. (2019) · Cell Biology and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s10565-019-09461-z · Cited by 62
Marcucci, F., Bellone, M., Caserta, C. A., & Corti, A. (2013) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.28572 · Cited by 64
Joseph, R. W., Swaika, A., & Crozier, J. A. (2014) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s31143 · Cited by 66
From Bench to Bedside: Lessons Learned in Translating Preclinical Studies in Cancer Drug Development
Lieu, C. H., Tan, A. C., Leong, S., Diamond, J. R., & Eckhardt, S. (2013) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djt209 · Cited by 64
Catalanotti, F., Cheng, D. T., Shoushtari, A. N., Johnson, D. B., Panageas, K. S., Momtaz, P., Higham, C., Won, H. H., Harding, J. J., Merghoub, T., et al. (2017) · JCO Precision Oncology · doi:10.1200/po.16.00054 · Cited by 70
Self-citationAcquired Resistance to Clinical Cancer Therapy: A Twist in Physiological Signaling
WICKI, A. N., Mandalà, M., Massi, D., Taverna, D., Tang, H., Hemmings, B. A., & Xue, G. (2016) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00024.2015 · Cited by 64
Hellevik, T., Pettersen, I., Berg, V., Bruun, J., Bartnes, K., Busund, L., Chalmers, A. J., Bremnes, R. M., & Martínez-Zubiaurre, I. (2013) · Translational Oncology · doi:10.1593/tlo.12349 · Cited by 62
Feng, M., Wang, Y., Chen, K., Bian, Z., Wu, J., & Gao, Q. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108502 · Cited by 62
Sullivan, R. J., LoRusso, P. M., & Flaherty, K. T. (2013) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2151 · Cited by 63
Self-citationRole of the tumor microenvironment in cancer hallmarks and targeted therapy (Review)
Naser, R., Fakhoury, I., El‑Fouani, A., Abi‑Habib, R., & El‑Sibai, M. (2022) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2022.5471 · Cited by 61
Regulatory T cells in solid tumor immunotherapy: effect, mechanism and clinical application
Pan, Y., Zhou, H., Sun, Z., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Z., Han, J., Liu, Y., & Wang, Q. (2025) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-025-07544-w · Cited by 66
Evaluation of Nanoparticle Uptake in Co-culture Cancer Models
Costa, E. C., Gaspar, V. M., Marques, J. G., Coutinho, P., & Correia, I. J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0070072 · Cited by 65
Mechanisms of resistance to BCR-ABL and other kinase inhibitors
Lamontanara, A. J., Akçok, E. B. G., Kuzyk, O., & Hantschel, O. D. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.12.009 · Cited by 65
Amit, M., & Gil, Z. (2013) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.4161/onci.27231 · Cited by 61
Ivanov, D. P., Parker, T. L., Walker, D. A., Alexander, C., Ashford, M. B., Gellert, P. R., & Garnett, M. C. (2015) · Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.01.002 · Cited by 61
Imaging aspects of the tumor stroma with therapeutic implications
Narunsky-Haziza, L., Oren, R., Bochner, F., & Neeman, M. (2013) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.003 · Cited by 59
Tumor-Targeted Synergistic Blockade of MAPK and PI3K from a Layer-by-Layer Nanoparticle
Dreaden, E. C., Kong, Y. W., Morton, S. W., Correa, S., Choi, K. Y., Shopsowitz, K. E., Renggli, K., Drapkin, R., Yaffe, M. B., & Hammond, P. T. (2015) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0013 · Cited by 59
Jones, L. W., Kwan, M. L., Weltzien, E. K., Chandarlapaty, S., Sternfeld, B., Sweeney, C., Bernard, P. S., Castillo, A., Habel, L. A., Kroenke, C. H., et al. (2016) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3307 · Cited by 61
The therapeutic potential of targeting the BRAF mutation in patients with colorectal cancer
Bahrami, A., Hesari, A., Khazaei, M., Hassanian, S. M., Ferns, G. A., & Avan, A. (2017) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.25952 · Cited by 60
Targeting the hepatocyte growth factor/Met pathway in cancer
Silva, D. M. D., Roy, A., Kato, T., Cecchi, F., Lee, Y. H., Matsumoto, K., & Bottaro, D. P. (2017) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20160132 · Cited by 61
CCL2-SQSTM1 positive feedback loop suppresses autophagy to promote chemoresistance in gastric cancer
Xu, W., Wei, Q., Han, M., Zhou, B., Wang, H., Zhang, J., Wang, Q., Sun, J., Feng, L., Wang, S., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.25349 · Cited by 64
Eberlein, C. A., Rooney, C., Ross, S. J., Farren, M. R., Weir, H. M., & Barry, S. T. (2014) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2013.600 · Cited by 60
Kwon, Y., Smith, B. D., Zhou, Y., Kaufman, M. D., & Godwin, A. K. (2013) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2013.539 · Cited by 60
Anti-HDGF Targets Cancer and Cancer Stromal Stem Cells Resistant to Chemotherapy
Zhao, J., Ma, M. Z., Ren, H., Liu, Z., Edelman, M. J., Pan, H., & Mao, L. (2013) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3478 · Cited by 59
Metabolomics of the Tumor Microenvironment in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Tiziani, S., Kang, Y., Harjanto, R., Axelrod, J. L., Piermarocchi, C., Roberts, W. D., & Paternostro, G. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082859 · Cited by 60
Byeon, H. K., Na, H. J., Yang, Y. J., Kwon, H. J., Chang, J. W., Ban, M. J., Kim, W. S., Shin, D. Y., Lee, E. J., Koh, Y. W., et al. (2015) · Molecular Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1002/mc.22418 · Cited by 60
Enhancer-targeted genome editing selectively blocks innate resistance to oncokinase inhibitionPreprint
Webster, D. E., Barajas, B. C., Bussat, R. T., Yan, K., Neela, P. H., Flockhart, R. J., Kovalski, J. R., Zehnder, A. M., & Khavari, P. A. (2014) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.166231.113 · Cited by 60
Lu, G., Zhai, J., Li, P., Chen, F., & Liang, L. (2021) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2021.08.005 · Cited by 60
Overcoming therapy resistance in pancreatic cancer: New insights and future directions
Espona‐Fiedler, M., Patthey, C., Lindblad, S., Sarró, I., & Öhlund, D. (2024) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116492 · Cited by 62
Extensive rewiring of epithelial-stromal co-expression networks in breast cancer
Oh, E.-Y., Christensen, S. M., Ghanta, S., Jeong, J. C., Bucur, O., Glass, B., Montaser‐Kouhsari, L., Knoblauch, N., Bertos, N., Saleh, S. M. I., et al. (2015) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0675-4 · Cited by 60
Gonçalves-Ribeiro, S., Díaz-Maroto, N. G., Berdiel‐Acer, M., Soriano, A., Guardiola, J., Martinez–Villacampa, M., Salazar, R., Capellá, G., Villanueva, A., Martinez‐Balibrea, E., et al. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11121 · Cited by 59
Joosten, S. P. J., Zeilstra, J., van Andel, H., Mijnals, R. C. D., Zaunbrecher, J., Duivenvoorden, A. A. M., van de Wetering, M., Clevers, H. C., Spaargaren, M., & Pals, S. T. (2017) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.07.008 · Cited by 58
Wroblewski, D., Mijatov, B., Mohana‐Kumaran, N., Lai, F., Gallagher, S. J., Haass, N. K., Zhang, X. D., & Hersey, P. (2012) · Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1093/carcin/bgs330 · Cited by 60
The Evolution of Melanoma Resistance Reveals Therapeutic Opportunities
Thakur, M. D., & Stuart, D. D. (2013) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1633 · Cited by 59
A comprehensive review of 3D cancer models for drug screening and translational research
Sharma, K., Dey, S., Karmakar, R., & Rengan, A. K. (2023) · Cancer Innovation · doi:10.1002/cai2.102 · Cited by 60
Resistance to Chemotherapy: Patient Variability and Cellular Heterogeneity
Kessler, D. A., Austin, R. H., & Levine, H. (2014) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0118 · Cited by 59
Luan, Z., He, Y., Alattar, M., Chen, Z., & He, F. (2014) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-38 · Cited by 58
p53 Reactivation by PRIMA-1Met (APR-246) sensitises V600E/KBRAF melanoma to vemurafenib
Krayem, M., Journé, F., Wiedig, M., Morandini, R., Najem, A., Salès, F., van Kempen, L. C. L. T., Sibille, C., Awada, A. H., Marine, J., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2015.12.002 · Cited by 61
In situ generated D‐peptidic nanofibrils as multifaceted apoptotic inducers to target cancer cells
Du, X., Zhou, J., Wang, H., Shi, J., Kuang, Y., Zeng, W., Yang, Z., & Xu, B. (2017) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.466 · Cited by 58
3D cell coculture tumor model: A promising approach for future cancer drug discovery
Xin, X., Yang, H. K., Zhang, F., & Yang, S. (2018) · Process Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2018.12.028 · Cited by 59
Combination of HGF/MET-targeting agents and other therapeutic strategies in cancer
Moosavi, F., Giovannetti, E., Peters, G. J., & Firuzi, O. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103234 · Cited by 58
Cho, W., Ahn, M., Kim, B. S., & Cho, D. (2022) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202202093 · Cited by 56
Identification of PLX 4032‐resistance mechanisms and implications for novel RAF inhibitors
Choi, J., Landrette, S. F., Wang, T. L., Evans, P., Bacchiocchi, A., Bjornson, R. D., Cheng, E., Stiegler, A. L., Gathiaka, S. M., Acevedo, O., et al. (2013) · Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research · doi:10.1111/pcmr.12197 · Cited by 58
Kang, X.-H., Xu, Z.-Y., Gong, Y.-B., Wang, L., Wang, Z., Xu, L., Cao, F., & Liao, M.-J. (2013) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2013/243859 · Cited by 58
Jin, K., Pandey, N. B., & Popel, A. S. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.19417 · Cited by 55
Hajicek, N., & Sondek, J. (2019) · Worldwide Protein Data Bank · doi:10.2210/pdb6pbc/pdb · Cited by 58
Pajic, M., Herrmann, D., Vennin, C., Conway, J. R. W., Chin, V. T., Johnsson, A., Welch, H. C. E., & Timpson, P. (2015) · Small GTPases · doi:10.4161/21541248.2014.973749 · Cited by 57
Update on the Targeted Therapy of Melanoma
Johnson, D. B., & Sosman, J. A. (2013) · Current Treatment Options in Oncology · doi:10.1007/s11864-013-0226-8 · Cited by 56
Zhan, T., & Boutros, M. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.3109/10409238.2015.1117053 · Cited by 56
Keller, H. R., Zhang, X., Li, L., Schaider, H., & Wells, J. W. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.18523 · Cited by 55
Determinants of resistance and response to melanoma therapy
Robertson, B. M., Fane, M. E., Weeraratna, A. T., & Rebecca, V. W. (2024) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-024-00794-1 · Cited by 68
Minimal residual disease in cancer therapy – Small things make all the difference
Blatter, S., & Rottenberg, S. (2015) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2015.08.003 · Cited by 55
Chen, W., Wu, J., Shi, H., Wang, Z., Zhang, G., Cao, Y., Jiang, C., & Ding, Y. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/764981 · Cited by 56
Genetic instability in the tumor microenvironment: a new look at an old neighbor
Palumbo, A., Costa, N. M. D., Bonamino, M., Pinto, L. F. R., & Nasciutti, L. E. (2015) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0409-y · Cited by 60
Ishibashi, M., Neri, S., Hashimoto, H., Miyashita, T., Yoshida, T., Nakamura, Y., Udagawa, H., Kirita, K., Matsumoto, S., Umemura, S., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep46662 · Cited by 54
Huang, W.-C., Yadav, V. K., Cheng, W.-H., Wang, C., Hsieh, M., Huang, T., Lin, S., Yeh, C., & Kuo, K.-T. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13236005 · Cited by 55
Sabit, H., Arneth, B. M., Pawlik, T. M., Abdel-Ghany, S. E., Ghazy, A., Abdelazeem, R. M., Alqosaibi, A. I., Al-Dhuayan, I. S., Almulhim, J., Alrabiah, N. A., et al. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18010075 · Cited by 59
Chen, H.-Y., Lin, L.-T., Wang, M.-L., Lee, S.-H., Tsai, M., Tsai, C., Liu, W.-H., Chen, T.-C., Yang, Y.-P., Lee, Y.-Y., et al. (2016) · OncoTarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.9890 · Cited by 55
SHP2 phosphatase as a novel therapeutic target for melanoma treatment
Zhang, R., Yu, Z.-H., Zeng, L., Zhang, S., Bai, Y., Miao, J., Chen, L., Xie, J., & Zhang, Z. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.12074 · Cited by 55
Wang, V. E. H., Xue, J. Y., Frederick, D. T., Cao, Y., Lin, E., Wilson, C., Urisman, A., Carbone, D. P., Flaherty, K. T., Bernards, R., et al. (2019) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2779 · Cited by 57
Self-citationSinnberg, T. W., Makino, E., Krueger, M. A., Velić, A., Maček, B., Rothbauer, U., Groll, N., Poetz, O., Czemmel, S., Niessner, H., et al. (2016) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.04.037 · Cited by 53
The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Guo, Y., Xie, Y., & Luo, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.851004 · Cited by 56
Diazzi, S., Tartare‐Deckert, S., & Deckert, M. (2023) · Oncogenesis · doi:10.1038/s41389-023-00452-8 · Cited by 61
Inhibition of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor improves antitumor efficacy of BRAF inhibition
Mok, S., Tsoi, J., Koya, R. C., Hu‐Lieskovan, S., West, B. L., Bollag, G. E., Graeber, T. G., & Ribas, A. (2015) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1377-8 · Cited by 54
Self-citationBRAF mutant non-small cell lung cancer and treatment with BRAF inhibitors.
Sánchez-Torres, J. M., Viteri, S., Molina‐Vila, M. Á., & Rosell, R. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2013.04.01 · Cited by 56
ROCK1 is a potential combinatorial drug target for BRAF mutant melanoma
Smit, M. A., Maddalo, G., Greig, K. T., Raaijmakers, L. M., Possik, P. A., van Breukelen, B., Cappadona, S., Heck, A. J. R., Altelaar, M. A. F., & Peeper, D. S. (2014) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.15252/msb.20145450 · Cited by 56
Thoma, C. R., Ströbel, S., Rösch, N., Calpe, B., Krek, W., & Kelm, J. M. (2013) · SLAS DISCOVERY · doi:10.1177/1087057113499071 · Cited by 54
Hypoxia-Driven Mechanism of Vemurafenib Resistance in Melanoma
Qin, Y. W., Roszik, J., Chattopadhyay, C., Hashimoto, Y., Liu, C., Cooper, Z. A., Wargo, J. A., Hwu, P., Ekmekçioglu, S., & Grimm, E. A. (2016) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0963 · Cited by 54
Self-citationGallagher, S. J., Gunatilake, D., Beaumont, K. A., Sharp, D. M., Tiffen, J. C., Heinemann, A., Weninger, W., Haass, N. K., Wilmott, J. S., Madore, J., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.31199 · Cited by 56
Casado, P., Wilkes, E. H., Miraki‐Moud, F., Hadi, M. M., Rio‐Machín, A., Rajeeve, V., Pike, R., Iqbal, S., Marfà, S., Lea, N. C., et al. (2017) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-018-0032-1 · Cited by 53
Metadata
- Authors
- Straussman, R., Morikawa, T., Shee, K., Barzily-Rokni, M., Qian, Z. R., Du, J., Davis, A., Mongare, M. M., Gould, J., Frederick, D. T., Cooper, Z. A., Chapman, P. B., Solit, D. B., Ribas, A., Lo, R. S., Flaherty, K. T., Ogino, S., Wargo, J. A., & Golub, T. R.
- Affiliations
- Broad Institute (US)
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Golub, Todd R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 487
- Issue
- 7408
- Pages
- 500-504
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC3711467
- OpenAlex
- W2055624262
- Semantic Scholar
- d51bc0a1730710ad5e74705bff1a2f756c61fc28
- Cited by
- 1,771
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 98 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 114 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 138 · 2017: 150 · 2016: 154 · 2015: 172 · 2014: 215 · 2013: 196 · 2012: 53
- FWCI
- 82.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA166480, U54CA112962, P50CA093683, UM1CA186709)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Keywords
- RAF inhibitors, vemurafenib, drug resistance, tumor microenvironment, stromal cells, hepatocyte growth factor, MAPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, combination therapy, co-culture model, targeted therapy, non-specific immunity, cancer cell lines, proteomics, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence
- MeSH terms
- Vemurafenib, Antineoplastic Agents, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Humans, Indoles, Melanoma, Mutation, Prognosis, Sulfonamides, Signal Transduction, Stromal Cells, Hepatocyte Growth Factor, Coculture Techniques, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Proteomics, Cell Line, Tumor, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Tumor Microenvironment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review