The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantifying the chemical beauty of drugs
Open accessAbstract
Druglikeness is a key consideration when selecting compounds during the early stages of drug discovery. However, evaluation of druglikeness in absolute terms does not adequately reflect the whole spectrum of compound quality. More worryingly, widely used rules may inadvertently foster undesirable molecular property inflation as they permit the encroachment of rule-compliant compounds toward their boundaries. We propose a measure of druglikeness based on the concept of desirability called Quantitative Estimate of Druglikeness (QED). The empirical rationale of QED reflects the underlying distribution of molecular properties. QED is intuitive, transparent, straightforward to implement in many practical settings and allows compounds to be ranked by their relative merit. We extend the utility of QED by applying it to the problem of molecular target druggability assessment by prioritizing a large set of published bioactive compounds. The measure may also capture the abstract notion of aesthetics in medicinal chemistry.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Shannon, C. E. (1948) · Bell System Technical Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x · Cited by 88,486
Lipinski, C. A., Lombardo, F., Dominy, B. W., & Feeney, P. J. (2001) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(00)00129-0 · Cited by 18,139
Molecular properties that influence the oral bioavailability of drug candidates
Veber, D. F., Johnson, S. R., Cheng, H.-Y., Smith, B. R., Ward, K. W., & Kopple, K. D. (2002) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm020017n · Cited by 8,420
How many drug targets are there?
Overington, J. P., Al-Lazikani, B., & Hopkins, A. L. (2006) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2199 · Cited by 3,505
Self-citationHopkins, A. L., & Groom, C. R. (2002) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd892 · Cited by 3,305
Self-citationThe influence of drug-like concepts on decision-making in medicinal chemistry
Leeson, P. D., & Springthorpe, B. (2007) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2445 · Cited by 2,403
Ursu, O., Rayan, A., Goldblum, A., & Oprea, T. I. (2011) · WIREs Computational Molecular Science · doi:10.1002/wcms.52 · Cited by 276
Cited by
Automatic Chemical Design Using a Data-Driven Continuous Representation of Molecules
Gómez-Bombarelli, R., Wei, J. N., Duvenaud, D., Hernández-Lobato, J. M., Sánchez-Lengeling, B., Sheberla, D., Aguilera-Iparraguirre, J., Hirzel, T. D., Adams, R. P., & Aspuru-Guzik, A. (2018) · ACS Central Science · doi:10.1021/acscentsci.7b00572 · Cited by 3,106
QSAR Modeling: Where have you been? Where are you going to?
Cherkasov, A., Muratov, E. N., Fourches, D., Varnek, A., Baskin, I. I., Cronin, M., Dearden, J., Gramatica, P., Martin, Y. C., Todeschini, R., et al. (2014) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm4004285 · Cited by 2,164
The rise of deep learning in drug discovery
Chen, H., Engkvist, O., Wang, Y., Olivecrona, M., & Blaschke, T. (2018) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.039 · Cited by 1,770
Deep learning enables rapid identification of potent DDR1 kinase inhibitors
Zhavoronkov, A., Ivanenkov, Y. A., Aliper, A., Veselov, M. S., Aladinskiy, V. A., Aladinskaya, A. V., Terentiev, V. A., Polykovskiy, D. A., Kuznetsov, M. D., Asadulaev, A., et al. (2019) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0224-x · Cited by 1,573
Counting on natural products for drug design
Rodrigues, T., Reker, D., Schneider, P., & Schneider, G. (2016) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2479 · Cited by 1,250
Metadata
- Authors
- Bickerton, G. R., Paolini, G. V., Besnard, J., Muresan, S., & Hopkins, A. L.
- Venue
- Nature Chemistry
- Published
- 2012-01-24
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 90-98
- ISSN
- 1755-4330 (ISSN-L)
- 1755-4349
- OpenAlex
- W2034549041
- Cited by
- 2,242
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 51.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Quantifying the chemical beauty of drugs. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nchem.1243
- The paper
- Bickerton, G. R., Paolini, G. V., Besnard, J., Muresan, S., & Hopkins, A. L. (2012). Quantifying the chemical beauty of drugs. Nature Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1243
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.