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Cited by 398

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Seasonality in submesoscale turbulence

Open access
Callies, Jörn, Ferrari, Raffaele, Klymak, Jody M., Gula, Jonathan·2015·Nature Communications
DOI 10.1038/ncomms7862
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Abstract

Although the strongest ocean surface currents occur at horizontal scales of order 100 km, recent numerical simulations suggest that flows smaller than these mesoscale eddies can achieve important vertical transports in the upper ocean. These submesoscale flows, 1–100 km in horizontal extent, take heat and atmospheric gases down into the interior ocean, accelerating air–sea fluxes, and bring deep nutrients up into the sunlit surface layer, fueling primary production. Here we present observational evidence that submesoscale flows undergo a seasonal cycle in the surface mixed layer: they are much stronger in winter than in summer. Submesoscale flows are energized by baroclinic instabilities that develop around geostrophic eddies in the deep winter mixed layer at a horizontal scale of order 1–10 km. Flows larger than this instability scale are energized by turbulent scale interactions. Enhanced submesoscale activity in the winter mixed layer is expected to achieve efficient exchanges with the permanent thermocline below.

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Metadata

Authors
Callies, J., Ferrari, R., Klymak, J. M., & Gula, J.
Venue
Nature Communications
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-04-21
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
6862-6862
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/ncomms7862
OpenAlex
W1994241858
Cited by
398
References
36
FWCI
25.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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