Cited by 889Animal Genetics and ReproductionEpigenetics and DNA MethylationChromosomal and Genetic Variations

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Repeat-induced gene silencing in mammals

Garrick, David, Fiering, Steven, Martin, David I.K., Whitelaw, Emma·1998·Nature Genetics

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In both plants and Drosophila melanogaster, expression from a transgenic locus may be silenced when repeated transgene copies are arranged as a concatameric array. This repeat-induced gene silencing is frequently manifested as a decrease in the proportion of cells that express the transgene, resulting in a variegated pattern of expression. There is also some indication that, in transgenic mammals, the number of transgene copies within an array can exert a repressive influence on expression, with several mouse studies reporting a decrease in the level of expression per copy as copy number increases. However, because these studies compare different sites of transgene integration as well as arrays with different numbers of copies, the expression levels observed may be subject to varying position effects as well as the influence of the multicopy array. Here we describe use of the lox/Cre system of site-specific recombination to generate transgenic mouse lines in which different numbers of a transgene are present at the same chromosomal location, thereby eliminating the contribution of position effects and allowing analysis of the effect of copy number alone on transgene silencing. Reduction in copy number results in a marked increase in expression of the transgene and is accompanied by decreased chromatin compaction and decreased methylation at the transgene locus. These findings establish that the presence of multiple homologous copies of a transgene within a concatameric array can have a repressive effect upon gene expression in mammalian systems.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ng0198-56

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Position-independent, high-level expression of the human β-globin gene in transgenic mice
Grosveld, F. G., van Assendelft, G. B., Greaves, D. R., & Kollias, G. A. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90584-8 · Cited by 1,908
GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION OF MICE
Palmiter, R. D., & Brinster, R. L. (1986) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.20.120186.002341 · Cited by 1,157
Efficient in vivo manipulation of mouse genomic sequences at the zygote stage.
Lakso, M., Pichel, J. G., Gorman, J. R., Sauer, B., Okamoto, Y., Lee, E., Alt, F. W., & Westphal, H. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.12.5860 · Cited by 1,125
Reversible methylation and inactivation of marker genes in sequentially transformed tobacco plants
Matzke, M. A., Primig, M., Trnovsky, J., & Matzke, A. J. M. (1989) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03421.x · Cited by 545
Expansions of transgene repeats cause heterochromatin formation and gene silencing in Drosophila
Dorer, D. R. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90439-1 · Cited by 504
The basics of basal transcription by RNA polymerase II
Buratowski, S. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90226-7 · Cited by 410
A major positive regulatory region located far upstream of the human alpha-globin gene locus.Preprint
Higgs, D. R., Wood, W. G., Jarman, A. P., Sharpe, J. A., Lida, J., Pretorius, I., & Ayyub, H. (1990) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.4.9.1588 · Cited by 335
Suppression of beta‐1,3‐glucanase transgene expression in homozygous plants.
de Carvalho‐Niebel, F., Gheysen, G., Kushnir, S., MONTAGU, M. V., Inzé, D., & Castresana, C. (1992) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05324.x · Cited by 304
Site-specific recombination of a transgene in fertilized eggs by transient expression of Cre recombinase.
Araki, K., Araki, M., Miyazaki, J., & VASSALLI, P. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.1.160 · Cited by 284
Epigenetic changes in the expression of the maize A1 gene inPetunia hybrida: Role of numbers of integrated gene copies and state of methylation
Linne, F., Heidmann, I., Saedler, H., & Meyer, P. (1990) · Molecular and General Genetics MGG · doi:10.1007/bf00633837 · Cited by 281

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 32 references

Sorted by citations

Items 801–889 of 889

Crystalline silica exposure induces multiple systemic autoimmune phenotypes including inflammatory arthritis and nephritis in Collaborative Cross mice with differing sub-clinical autoimmune profilesPreprint
Janssen, L., de Ocampo, C., Kono, D. H., Hoet, P., Pollard, K. M., & Mayeux, J. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.05.22.655650 · Cited by 2
In vivo GABA release and kinetics of transgene loss in a GABAergic cell line after long-term transplantation into the rat brain
Mejía-Toiber, J., Limón-Pacheco, J. H., González‐Gallardo, A., & Giòrdano, M. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.068 · Cited by 1
Transgenic Mouse Models of CNS Tumors: Using Genetically Engineered Murine Models to Study the Role of p21-Ras in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Muñoz, D. M., Agnihotri, S., & Guha, A. (2009) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-553-8_4 · Cited by 1
“Conventional pronuclear injection results in multiple-copy integrations which can result in variation or even inhibition of transgene expression (Garrick et al., 1998).”
Background
Genes and chromosomes: control of development
Serov, O. L., & Serova, I. A. (2004) · Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências · doi:10.1590/s0001-37652004000300007 · Cited by 1
“(Dorer and Henikoff 1994, Garrick et al. 1998).”
Background
Generation of transgenic mice for the investigation of ceramide metabolism
Knüwer, M. (2014) · DuEPublico (University of Duisburg-Essen) · Cited by 1
Transgenic Animal Production
Houdebine, L. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812160-3.00005-2 · Cited by 1
Cryopreservation
Pintado, B., & Hourcade, J. D. D. (2011) · Springer protocols handbooks/Springer protocols · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20792-1_23 · Cited by 1
Gaps in Knowledge and Missing Evidence in the Role of DNA Methylation in Biological Embedding
Demetriou, C. A., van Veldhoven, K., Relton, C. L., Stringhini, S., Kyriacou, K. C., & Vineis, P. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55530-0_18 · Cited by 1
Targeted Integration of Transgenes at the Mouse Gt(ROSA)26Sor Locus
Biggs, D., Chen, C. M., & Davies, B. (2023) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2990-1_13 · Cited by 1
Site specific insertion of a transgene into the murine α‐casein (CSN1S1) gene results in the predictable expression of a recombinant protein in milk
Knowles, C., Petrie, L., Warren, C., Lillico, S. G., Carlisle, A. J., Whitelaw, B., & Kolb, A. F. (2023) · Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1002/biot.202300287 · Cited by 1
Generation of Mouse Mutants by Genotype-Driven Mutagenesis
Rülicke, T. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382008-2.00005-2 · Cited by 1
Postneonatal Mortality and Liver Changes in Cloned Pigs Associated with Human Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor I-Fc and Human Heme Oxygenase-1 Overexpression
Kim, G. A., Jin, J., Lee, S., Taweechaipaisankul, A., Oh, H. J., Hwang, J., Ahn, C., Saadeldin, I. M., & Lee, B. C. (2017) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2017/5276576 · Cited by 1
Mouse Models of Epigenetic Inheritance: Classification, Mechanisms, and Experimental Strategies
Mao, S., Li, Y., Liu, B., & Chi, T. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805388-1.00015-8 · Cited by 1
Higher-order Chromatin Organization in Diseases, from Chromosomal Position Effect to Phenotype Variegation
Magdinier, F., & Robin, J. D. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91909-8.00003-7 · Cited by 1
Gene Expression in Recombinant Animal Cells and Transgenic Animals
Twyman, R. M., & Whitelaw, B. (2010) · Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology · doi:10.1002/9780470054581.eib342 · Cited by 1
Chapter 3.1.4 Regulated temporal and spatial expression of mutants of CaMKII and calcineurin with the tetracycline-controlled transactivator (tTA) and reverse tTA (rtTA) systems
Mansuy, I. M., Mayford, M. R., & Kandel, E. R. (1999) · Techniques in the behavioral and neural sciences · doi:10.1016/s0921-0709(99)80026-1 · Cited by 1
Genetic and Chromosomal Control of Development
Серов, О. Л. (2004) · Russian Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1023/b:rudo.0000036709.76016.73 · Cited by 1
“Hence, mosaic expression may be related to local heterochromatization induced by an increased number of their copies (Dorer and Henikoff, 1994; Garrick et al., 1998).”
Background
Transformação genética de Trypanosoma cruzi mediada por Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Furlaneto, L. (2006) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 1
Identification of downstream genes of the TRPS1 transcription factor
Brega, P. (2005) · Universitätsbibliographie, Universität Duisburg-Essen · Cited by 1
Modifications génétiques animales et végétales : méthodes de transgénèse et expression des transgènes.
Houdebine, L. (2000) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.4267/10608/1520 · Cited by 1
“La réduction du nombre de copies à un par l’enzyme Cre, qui recombine les séquences loxP, se traduit par une activation du transgène [55, 56].”
Background
Transgene Copy Number – Impact on Clone Performance
Winkler, K., Rose, T., Furthmann, A., Paul, C. L., Franke, A., Berthold, R., & Sandig, V. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3419-9_11 · Cited by 1
“The observed result is consistent with repeat induced gene silencing (RIGS) ( Garrick et al., 1998; Nature Genetics18-1McBurney, 2002; Experimental Cell Research 274).”
Result
References
(2003) · Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1258/002367703766452985 · Cited by 1
“Nature Genetics 18, 56–9 Gates AH (1971) Maximising yield and developmental uniformity of eggs.”
Conditional regulation of Hoxa2 gene expression in CG4 cells
Wang, J. (2007) · University Library - University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan)
Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells
Targa, F. R., Guerrero, G., Escamilla-Del-Arenal, M., & Rincón‐Arano, H. (2010) · Genomics · doi:10.1002/9780470711675.ch7
Analysis of the role of the X/Y homologous gene family Xmr/Slyin murine spermiogenesis
Reynard, L. N. (2009) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)
Transcriptional analysis of the human D4Z4 and mouse Dux arrays
Hampson, A. (2012) · Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham)
Modèles "in vivo" pour l'étude de la régulation transcriptionnelle par les activateurs du locus IgH
Guglielmi, L. (2003)
Global analysis of the methyl-CpG binding protein MeCP2
Skene, P. J. (2010) · ERA
Spontaneous and Induced Genetic Mutations of The Pomc System
Smart, J. L., & Low, M. J. (2001) · Endocrine updates · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1633-0_9
“It has been suggested that these mosaic patterns of gene expression are influenced by repressive effects of multiple-copy transgene integration in some cases ( 40 ).”
Background
Transgenics: Alternative Gene Transfer Methods
Houdebine, L. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_4
A Role for diaphanous homolog 3 in the Mammalian Auditory System.
Schoen, C. J. (2012) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
Mosaic expression of LacZ reporter gene controlled by 5′-regulatory sequences of alpha-S 1 -Casein gene in transgenic mice
Serova, I. A., Андреева, Л. Е., Khaidarova, N. V., Dias, L. P. B., Dvoryanchikov, G. A., Burkov, I. A., & Baginskaya, N. V. (2009) · Cell and Tissue Biology · doi:10.1134/s1990519x09050022
“It was demonstrated that the level of transgene expression may be dependent on or independent of the number of its copies (Garrick et al., 1998; Ramirez et al., 2001; Kwaks et al., 2003; Williams et al., 2008), its homo- or hemizygosity (Dobie et al., 1996; Opsahl et al., 2002, 2003), epigenetic…”
BackgroundInfluential
IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS INVOLVED IN DNA METHYLATION OF CPG-ISLAND-PROMOTERS
Zhang, Y. (2011) · Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)
Unique Retrotransposon LINE-1 Distribution at the Prader–Willi Angelman Syndrome Locus
Bowers, C. W., & Singer–Sam, J. (2007) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/s00239-007-9043-7
“Evidence that repetitive elements promote the formation of heterochromatin supports such a scenario (Dorer and Henikoff 1994; Garrick et al. 1998).”
Mouse and stem cell models of frontotemporal dementia
Orr, M. E. (2012) · Montana State University ScholarWorks (Montana State University)
VHb-siirtogeenin vaikutukset geenimuunnellun nieriän (Salvelinus alpinus) hapenkulutukseen ja kasvuun
Pulkkinen, J. T. (2012) · Jyväskylä University Digital Archive (University of Jyväskylä)
Live-cell visualisation of chromatin for the study of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations
Malis, G. (2011) · Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)
Crosstalk between the two systems, blood coagulation and complement
Ohkuma, K., Nakagaki, T., & Iwanaga, S. (2011) · Japanese Journal of Thrombosis and Hemostasis · doi:10.2491/jjsth.22.171
GENETIC MUTATIONS OF THE POMC SYSTEM
Smart, J. L. (2001)
Intron V, not intron I of human thrombopoietin, improves expression in the milk of transgenic mice regulated by goat beta-casein promoter
Li, Y., Hu, H., Zhou, M., Zhou, H., Ye, J., Ning, L., & Ning, Y. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep16051
a new transgenic hemophilic mouse model Maintenance and break of immune tolerance against human factor VIII in
Schwarz, P. P., Reipert, B. M., Schiviz, A. N., Weiller, M., Antoine, G., Turecek, P. L., Muchitsch, E. M., Helden, M. V., Unterthurner, S., Hermann, C., et al. (2011)
Risk Analysis and Safety of Plant- Made Biopharmaceuticals
Hefferon, K. L. (2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781439804759.ch8
ùäëèêÖëëàü ÉÖçÄ CENTB 5 óÖãéÇÖäÄ à åõòà
Íòôâ, Ú. ̧. Ò. Ë. ̋., & Ë, Ï. ‰. (2009)
Insertional mutagenesis in PLN R9C transgenic mouse: a case report and a review of the literature on cardiac-specific transgenic expressionPreprint
Kraev, A. S. (2016) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/075671
“In the past, the problem of transgene silencing was well recognized (Garrick et al. 1998; Martin and Whitelaw 1996; Robertson et al. 1995; Sanbe et al. 2003; Sutherland et al. 2000), so obtaining a clinically relevant phenotype in a TgPLN mouse line could have been a reason for its initial selection.”
Background
Development of transgenic Ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl) to study cell fate during development and regeneration
Sobkow, L. (2006) · Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)
Novel strategies to improve viral gene targeting and therapeutic liver repopulation in vivo
Paulk, N. K. (2012) · doi:10.6083/m4k935jk
A new organotypic model of synaptic competition reveals activity-dependent localization of C1qPreprint
Koyama, R., Wu, Y., Bialas, A. R., Thompson, A. D., Welsh, C. A., Frouin, A., Chen, C., & Stevens, B. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/118646
Gaps in Knowledge and Missing Evidence in the Role of DNA Methylation in Biological Embedding
Demetriou, C. A., van Veldhoven, K., Relton, C. L., Stringhini, S., Kyriacou, K. C., & Vineis, P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31143-2_18-1
Using zebrafish to develop a precise model of cone photoreceptor ablation and regeneration
Fraser, I. B. M. (2011) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r3990r
Generation of high expressing CHO cell lines for the production of recombinant antibodies using optimized signal peptides and a novel ER stress based selection system
Køber, L. (2012) · Digitale Bibliothek Braunschweig (Verbundzentrale Göttingen (VZG)) · doi:10.24355/dbbs.084-201206280906-0
A transgenic pig model expressing a ZsGreen1 reporter across an extensive array of tissuesPreprint
Desaulniers, A. T., Cederberg, R. A., Carreiro, E. P., Gurumurthy, C. B., & White, B. R. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/293258
“Stochastic silencing of transgenes can also occur when multiple copies of the transgene integrate in tandem [35], due to local formation of heterochromatin [34].”
Background
Genetic linkage of multiple modifications in the pig
Beaton, B. P. (2015) · doi:10.32469/10355/63923
Modeling human prostate cancer development using transgenic mice with heterogeneous mutations
Kim, J. (2009)
Challenges for the Characterization of Genetically Modified Animals by the qPCR Technique in the Era of Genomic Editing
Batista, R. I. T. P., Teixeira, D. Í. A., Freitas, V. J. D. F., Melo, L. M., & Souza‐Fabjan, J. M. G. (2021) · Veterinary Science Research · doi:10.30564/vsr.v3i1.2877
“, its position in relation to transcriptional control elements, heterochromatin regions of chromosomes non-transcribed, and other silenced regions ([17]).”
Background
Oligonucleotide-mediated gene editing of Apolipoprotein A-I
Disterer, P. (2008) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.33176.80648
Gene Silencing
Kertbundit, S., Juříček, M., & Hall, T. C. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2967-6_27
Gene Therapy
Shi, Q., & Montgomery, R. R. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47462-5_97
Studies on Expression and Function of Vsig1 Gene
Moustafa, M. (2011) · doi:10.53846/goediss-434
Ex Vivo Gene Therapy Using Myoblasts and Regulatable Retroviral Vectors
Ozawa, C. R., Blau, H. M., & Springer, M. L. (2003) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780824758608.ch8
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Differential chromatin structure within a tandem array 100 kb upstream of the maize b1 locus is associated with paramutation.
Mitchell‐Olds, T. (2003) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.1002034.198304
Transgenics: Alternative Gene Transfer Methods
Houdebine, L. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_4
Molecular Mechanism and Application of Somatic Cell Cloning in Mammals
Samiec, M., & Skrzyszowska, M. (2023) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-0365-5965-0
Murine‐Derived Glioma Organoids and Cell Line Culture Systems
Ayala‐Sarmiento, A. E., Pacheco, D. R. F., & Breunig, J. J. (2023) · Current Protocols · doi:10.1002/cpz1.665
Synthetic Biology: Technical Issues
Wang, B., Huo, X., Zhang, X., Liang, Y., Yang, Y., Shi, J., Huan, X., Hou, X., Lv, W., & Zhan, Y. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2460-8_4
Additional file 2 of A versatile transposon-based technology to generate loss- and gain-of-function phenotypes in the mouse liver
Kopasz, A. G., Pusztai, D. Z., Karkas, R., Hudoba, L., Abdullah, K. S. A., Imre, G., Pankotai-Bodó, G., Migh, E., Nagy, A., Kriston, A., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19498032
Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Based Platelet-Targeted Gene Therapy for Hemophilia
Shi, Q. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15717-2.00125-6
A Versatile Method for Inducible Protein Production in 293 Cells Using the PiggyBac Transposon System
Michael, I. P. (2024) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3878-1_8
Virally encoded single-chain antibody fragments targeting alpha-synuclein protect against motor impairments and neuropathology in a mouse model of synucleinopathyPreprint
Castonguay, A.-M., Morin, B., Parent, M., Durcan, T. M., Luo, W., Shlaifer, I., Julien, J., Gravel, C., & Lévesque, M. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.09.09.612044
Vaccine-induced antibodies are sufficient to limit Salmonella infection in the absence of complement or macrophagesPreprint
Pérez-Toledo, M., Aksu-Istil, K., Marcial‐Juárez, E., Persaud, R., Alshayea, A., Jossi, S. E., Carestia, A., von Meijenfeldt, F. A., Botto, M., James, L. C., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.08.27.672591
Calpains in skeletal muscle: Generation of an inhibitory overexpression system and analysis of degradation in simulated microgravity
Grill, M. A. (2003) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Additional file 1 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25980548
Additional file 5 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26730118
Additional file 1 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system
Horii, T., Morita, S., Kimura, M., & Hatada, I. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22602698
Additional file 2 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25980630
Additional file 3 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26730109
Additional file 4 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26730112
Additional file 6 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26730121
Additional file 1 of A versatile transposon-based technology to generate loss- and gain-of-function phenotypes in the mouse liver
Kopasz, A. G., Pusztai, D. Z., Karkas, R., Hudoba, L., Abdullah, K. S. A., Imre, G., Pankotai-Bodó, G., Migh, E., Nagy, A., Kriston, A., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19498029
Additional file 7 of Targeted insertion of conditional expression cassettes into the mouse genome using the modified i-PITT
Miura, H., Nakamura, A., Kurosaki, A., Kotani, A., Motojima, M., Tanaka, K., Kakuta, S., Ogiwara, S., Ohmi, Y., Komaba, H., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26730124
Exploitation de l'information brevets dans un laboratoire de recherche public : identification de niches de développement technologique en bioproduction en en thérapie génique.
Palazzoli, F. (2011) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/36efcb66zbb6dz4799za19ezd388b0c274a9
Biogenesis and Function of H3K9me3 at telomeres of mouse embryonic stem cells
Kan, S. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/cbaee4b0z64cez4b4eza882zbaf2c49e74a0
From gene identification and functional characterization to genome editing approaches for inherited retinal disorders
Orhan, E. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ba724469z6578z49fez8bc9z133cbd455f73
Dynamiques épigénétiques du macrosatellite D4Z4 par la protéine SMCHD1 dans deux pathologies rares : exploitation du modèle IPSCs
Dion, C. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3efa9215z51a5z4c60z89a8zcb82f128e3aa
Heterochromatin proteomics : telomeres and transposons.
Gauchier, M. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/40dbacd6zfcc7z47cdza04azee3c32646556
Apoptotic bodies from patients with Sjögren’s disease drive atypical memory B cell and macrophage activation and autoantibody productionPreprint
Lee, A. Y. S., Shi, B., Gummadi, S., Fonseka, P., Tu, T.-K. M., Le, Q. T., Ang, C., Nguyen, T. K., Lin, M. W., Phan, T. K., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.07.15.738605
Unbiased Long-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing Enables High-Resolution Mapping of Transgene Concatenation and Off-target Genomic Disruption in a Mouse Model
Mehta, M., Ahmed, K., Hussein, R., Tavares, E., Berberovic, Z., Adele, R., D’Souza, A., Gu, B., Wilson, M. D., Ivakine, E. A., et al. (2026) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.34133/csbj.0234
“Identification of concatemers is critical to deciphering model viability, as their formation can result in aberrant transgene copy number, loss of plasmid elements, or even repeat-induced gene silencing (RIGS) [ 10 , 12 , 13 ].”
Effects of Interleukin-6 Dysregulation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: Unraveling Complexity Beyond Amyloidosis
Canal, C., Aguilar, K., Comes, G., Molinero, A., Giralt, M., Sanchís, P., & Hidalgo, J. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15211921
Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Human Leukocyte DNA Methylation and Gene Expression
Elworthy, J. M. A. (2011) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago)
Signaling pathways in phagocytosis
Kwiatkowska (1999) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199905)21:5

Authors: Garrick, D., Fiering, S., Martin, D. I. K., & Whitelaw, E.
Affiliations: The University of Sydney (AU)
Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center (US)
Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
ORCID: Fiering, Steven
Whitelaw, Emma
Venue: Nature Genetics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1998-01
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages: 56-59
ISSN: 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
1546-1718
DOI: 10.1038/ng0198-56
OpenAlex: W2065189089
Cited by: 887
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 41
FWCI: 36.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Animal Genetics and Reproduction
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Keywords: transgene copy number, transgene silencing, position effect, transgenic mice, chromatin condensation, DNA methylation, epigenetic silencing
MeSH terms: Animals, Chromatin, Erythrocytes, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Lac Operon, Male, Mammals, Mice, Transgenic, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Transcription, Genetic, Viral Proteins, Gene Dosage, Transgenes, Integrases, Mice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Repeat-induced gene silencing in mammals

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks