Functional precision cancer medicine—moving beyond pure genomics
Abstract
The essential job of precision medicine is to match the right drugs to the right patients. In cancer, precision medicine has been nearly synonymous with genomics. However, sobering recent studies have generally shown that most patients with cancer who receive genomic testing do not benefit from a genomic precision medicine strategy. Although some call the entire project of precision cancer medicine into question, I suggest instead that the tools employed must be broadened. Instead of relying exclusively on big data measurements of initial conditions, we should also acquire highly actionable functional information by perturbing-for example, with cancer therapies-viable primary tumor cells from patients with cancer.
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Yan and colleagues showed that gastric cancer organoids with ARID1A mutations were sensitive to ATR inhibitors, supporting a previous study and identifying an intervention for a class of mutations considered undruggable.
“By screening gastric cancer organoids from seven patients against 37 drugs, Yan and colleagues showed that tumors with ARID1A mutations were sensitive to ATR inhibitors159, supporting a previous study160 and functionally identifying an intervention for a class of mutations that were considered undruggable.”
From Organoids (2022) · cites this paper as [160]
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References 69 · Cited by 366
- Authors
- Letai, A.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Letai, Anthony
- ORCID
- Letai, Anthony
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2017-09
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1028-1035
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- OpenAlex
- W2751210758
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 47 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 10.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (P01CA206978)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Keywords
- precision oncology, functional assays, drug repurposing, primary tumor cells, drug susceptibility testing, genomic testing, actionable mutations, patient stratification
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neoplasms, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Treatment Outcome, Spheroids, Cellular, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Genomics, Precision Medicine, Molecular Targeted Therapy
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