CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 921Pulsars and Gravitational Waves ResearchMechanical and Optical ResonatorsQuantum Information and Cryptography

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit

Open access
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aston, S. M., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Behnke, B., Bell, A. S., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bondarescu, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brinkmann, M., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brummitt, A., Buonanno, A., Burguet-Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavagliá, M., Cepeda, C., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Christensen, N., Cho, H., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, S., Chung, C. T. Y., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., Danzmann, K., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Dayanga, T., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., DiGuglielmo, J., Di Palma, I., Díaz, M., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dorsher, S., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J-C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Farr, W., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Finn, L. S., Fisher, R. P., Flanigan, M., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P. J., Fyffe, M., Ganija, M. R., Garcia, J., Garofoli, J. A., Geng, R., Gergely, L. Á., Gholami, I., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Graef, C., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Gray, N., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Ha, T., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Heefner, J., Heintze, M. C., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hughey, B., Huynh-Dinh, T., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., Jang, H., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kamaretsos, I., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, D., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y-M., King, P. J., Kinsey, M., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Kuehn, G., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. M., Leindecker, N., Leong, J. R., Leonor, I., Li, J., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lormand, M., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Marandi, A., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menendez, D., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Miller, J., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohanty, S. D., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Mori, T., Mossavi, K., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Necula, V., Nelson, J., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nolting, D., Nuttall, L., O’Dell, J., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Ochsner, E., Oelker, E., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R. G., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Papa, M. A., Ajith, P., Patel, P., Pedraza, M., Peiris, P., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pickenpack, M., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Pöld, J., Postiglione, F., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C. R., Rankins, B., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Raymond, V., Redwine, K., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romie, J. H., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ryan, K., Ryll, H., Sainathan, P., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Samblowski, A., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, L., Sandberg, V., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santiago-Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R. L., Schilling, R., Schlamminger, S., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, R. J. E., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Soto, J., Speirits, F. C., Stein, A. J., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stefszky, M., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vallisneri, M., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Villar, A. E., Vitale, S., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wanner, A., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Ward, R. L., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, H., Yang, H., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J.·2011·Nature Physics
DOI 10.1038/nphys2083
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity [Einstein, A., Annalen der Physik 49, 769-822 (1916)] and are generated e.g. by black-hole binary systems [Sathyaprakash, B. S. and Schutz, B. F., Living Rev. Relativity 12, 2 (2009)]. Current GW detectors are Michelson-type kilometer-scale laser interferometers measuring the distance changes between in vacuum suspended mirrors. The sensitivity of these detectors at frequencies above several hundred hertz is limited by the vacuum (zero-point) fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. A quantum technology - the injection of squeezed light [Caves, C. M., Phys. Rev. D 23, 1693-1708 (1981)] - offers a solution to this problem. Here we demonstrate the squeezed-light enhancement of GEO600, which will be the GW observatory operated by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in its search for GWs for the next 3-4 years. GEO600 now operates with its best ever sensitivity, which proves the usefulness of quantum entanglement and the qualification of squeezed light as a key technology for future GW astronomy.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nphys2083

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 34 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 920

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Adams, C., Adhikari, R., Affeldt, C., Allen, B., Allen, G. S., Amador Ceron, E., Amariutei, D., Amin, R. S., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Aston, S. M., Atkinson, D., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P., Ballmer, S., Barker, D., Barr, B., Barriga, P., Barsotti, L., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Bastarrika, M., Batch, J., Bauchrowitz, J., Behnke, B., Bell, A. S., Belopolski, I., Benacquista, M., Berliner, J. M., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, N., Beyersdorf, P. T., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biswas, R., Black, E., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, D., Bland, B., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bogan, C., Bondarescu, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Breyer, J., Bridges, D. O., Brinkmann, M., Britzger, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brummitt, A., Buonanno, A., Burguet-Castell, J., Burmeister, O., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Camp, J. B., Campsie, P., Cannizzo, J., Cannon, K., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavagliá, M., Cepeda, C., Chalermsongsak, T., Chalkley, E., Charlton, P., Chelkowski, S., Chen, Y., Christensen, N., Cho, H., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, S., Chung, C. T. Y., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, D. E., Clark, J., Clayton, J. H., Conte, R., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cordier, M., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Coyne, D. C., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cutler, R. M., Dahl, K., Danilishin, S. L., Dannenberg, R., Danzmann, K., Daudert, B., Daveloza, H., Davies, G., Daw, E. J., Dayanga, T., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., DeRosa, R., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., DiGuglielmo, J., Di Palma, I., Díaz, M., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dorsher, S., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dumas, J.-C., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edgar, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Engel, R., Etzel, T., Evans, K., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fairhurst, S., Fan, Y., Farr, B. F., Farr, W., Fazi, D., Fehrmann, H., Feldbaum, D., Finn, L. S., Fisher, R. P., Flanigan, M., Foley, S., Forsi, E., Fotopoulos, N., Frede, M., Frei, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Friedrich, D., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P. J., Fyffe, M., Ganija, M. R., Garcia, J., Garofoli, J. A., Geng, R., Gergely, L. Á., Gholami, I., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giampanis, S., Giardina, K. D., Gill, C., Goetz, E., Goggin, L. M., González, G., Gorodetsky, M. L., Goßler, S., Graef, C., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Gray, N., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Grosso, R., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guido, C., Gupta, R., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Ha, T., Hage, B., Hallam, J. M., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hanson, J., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Harstad, E. D., Hartman, M. T., Haughian, K., Hayama, K., Heefner, J., Heintze, M. C., Hendry, M. A., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Herrera, V., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Holt, K., Hong, T., Hooper, S., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hughey, B., Huynh-Dinh, T., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isogai, T., Ivanov, A., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., Jang, H., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, G., Jones, R., Ju, L., Kalmus, P., Kalogera, V., Kamaretsos, I., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Keresztes, Z., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, D., Kim, H., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, Y.-M., King, P. J., Kinsey, M., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Kopparapu, R., Koranda, S., Korth, W. Z., Kozak, D., Kringel, V., Krishnamurthy, S., Krishnan, B., Kuehn, G., Kumar, R., Kwee, P., Lam, P. K., Landry, M., Lang, M., Lantz, B., Lastzka, N., Lawrie, C., Lazzarini, A., Leaci, P., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. M., Leindecker, N., Leong, J. R., Leonor, I., Li, J., Lindquist, P. E., Lockerbie, N. A., Lodhia, D., Lormand, M., Luan, J., Lubinski, M., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Macdonald, E., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Mageswaran, M., Mailand, K., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Marandi, A., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Matzner, R. A., Mavalvala, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McKechan, D. J. A., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meier, T., Melatos, A., Melissinos, A. C., Mendell, G., Menendez, D., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyer, M. S., Miao, H., Miller, J., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Moe, B., Moesta, P., Mohanty, S. D., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Mori, T., Mossavi, K., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Müller-Ebhardt, H., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Nawrodt, R., Necula, V., Nelson, J., Newton, G., Nishizawa, A., Nolting, D., Nuttall, L., O’Dell, J., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Ochsner, E., Oelker, E., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ogin, G. H., Oldenburg, R. G., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Page, A., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Papa, M. A., Ajith, P., Patel, P., Pedraza, M., Peiris, P., Pekowsky, L., Penn, S., Peralta, C., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pickenpack, M., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Pletsch, H. J., Plissi, M. V., Pöld, J., Postiglione, F., Predoi, V., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Quetschke, V., Raab, F. J., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Rakhmanov, M., Ramet, C. R., Rankins, B., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Raymond, V., Redwine, K., Reed, C. M., Reed, T., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Riesen, R., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robinson, C., Robinson, E. L., Roddy, S., Rodriguez, C., Rodruck, M., Rollins, J., Romano, J. D., Romie, J. H., Röver, C., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ryan, K., Ryll, H., Sainathan, P., Sakosky, M., Salemi, F., Samblowski, A., Sammut, L., Sancho de la Jordana, L., Sandberg, V., Sankar, S., Sannibale, V., Santamaría, L., Santiago-Prieto, I., Santostasi, G., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R. L., Schilling, R., Schlamminger, S., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schulz, B., Schutz, B. F., Schwinberg, P., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Searle, A. C., Seifert, F., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sibley, A., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Singer, A., Singer, L., Sintes, A. M., Skelton, G., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slutsky, J., Smith, R. J. E., Smith, J. R., Smith, M. R., Smith, N. D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Soto, J., Speirits, F. C., Stein, A. J., Steinert, E., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steplewski, S., Stefszky, M., Stochino, A., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Strigin, S., Stroeer, A. S., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sung, M., Susmithan, S., Sutton, P. J., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tarabrin, S. P., Taylor, J. R., Taylor, R., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Thüring, A., Titsler, C., Tokmakov, K. V., Torres, C., Torrie, C. I., Traylor, G., Trias, M., Tseng, K., Ugolini, D., Urbanek, K., Vahlbruch, H., Vallisneri, M., van Veggel, A. A., Vass, S., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Veltkamp, C., Villar, A. E., Vitale, S., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A., Waldman, S. J., Wallace, L., Wan, Y., Wanner, A., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Ward, R. L., Wei, P., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wen, S., Wessels, P., West, M., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D., Whiting, B. F., Wilkinson, C., Willems, P. A., Williams, H. R., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Wiseman, A. G., Woan, G., Wooley, R., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, H., Yang, H., Yeaton-Massey, D., Yoshida, S., Yu, P., Zanolin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zotov, N., Zucker, M. E., & Zweizig, J.
Affiliations
  • California Institute of Technology (US)
  • California State University, Fullerton (US)
  • University of Glasgow (GB)
  • LIGO Scientific Collaboration (US)
  • Leibniz University Hannover (DE)
  • Stanford University (US)
  • University of Florida (US)
  • Louisiana State University (US)
  • University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (US)
  • University of Birmingham (GB)
  • Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (DE)
  • Montana State University (US)
  • Syracuse University (US)
  • The University of Western Australia (AU)
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Texas Southmost College (US)
  • San Jose State University (US)
  • Lomonosov Moscow State University (RU)
  • Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
  • Pennsylvania State University (US)
  • Washington State University (US)
  • University of Oregon (US)
  • Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (GB)
  • Max Planck Society (DE)
  • University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Tsinghua University (CN)
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Charles Sturt University (AU)
  • Carleton College (US)
  • Pusan National University (KR)
  • Australian National University (AU)
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • Cardiff University (GB)
  • University of Salerno (IT)
  • University of Sheffield (GB)
  • Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IN)
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • The University of Texas at Austin (US)
  • Eötvös Loránd University (HU)
  • The University of Adelaide (AU)
  • University of Szeged (HU)
  • Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach Florida Campus (US)
  • National Institute for Mathematical Sciences (KR)
  • National Institutes of Natural Sciences (JP)
  • Universitat de les Illes Balears (ES)
  • Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KR)
  • University of Southampton (GB)
  • University of Maryland, College Park (US)
  • Institute of Applied Physics (RU)
  • Lund University (SE)
  • Hanyang University (KR)
  • Seoul National University (KR)
  • University of Strathclyde (GB)
  • Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College (US)
  • University of Rochester (US)
  • Rochester Institute of Technology (US)
  • Hobart and William Smith Colleges (US)
  • University of Sannio (IT)
  • University of Mississippi (US)
  • Louisiana Tech University (US)
  • McNeese State University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Delhi (IN)
  • Andrews University (US)
  • Trinity University (US)
  • Southeastern Louisiana University (US)
Corresponding author
Schnabel, R.
ORCID
Venue
Nature Physics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2011-09-11
Volume
7
Issue
12
Pages
962-965
ISSN
  • 1745-2473 (ISSN-L)
  • 1745-2481
DOI
10.1038/nphys2083
OpenAlex
W2034616707
Semantic Scholar
fc3e151b37a004db3bfe7d69b1b40cf11b032952
Cited by
921
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 46 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 40
FWCI
27.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nature Physics (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
  • ScholarWorks @ UTRGV (The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley) (submittedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Commons - Andrews University (Andrews University) (submittedVersion)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
  • Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
  • ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
  • Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
  • ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
  • Iris (University of Trento) (submittedVersion)
  • ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
  • Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • David and Lucile Packard Foundation
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
  • International Max Planck Research School for Environmental, Cellular and Molecular Microbiology
  • Leverhulme Trust
  • Royal Society
  • Scottish Funding Council
  • Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
  • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  • Volkswagen Foundation
  • Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
  • Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
  • International Max Planck Research School for Advanced Methods in Process and Systems Engineering
  • Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
  • Govern de les Illes Balears
  • Science and Technology Facilities Council
  • Australian Research Council
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22740128)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Mechanical and Optical Resonators
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
Keywords
squeezed light, gravitational wave detection, GEO 600, quantum noise reduction, quantum entanglement, Michelson interferometer, vacuum fluctuations

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review