Cited by 1,666Cancer survivorship and careCancer-related cognitive impairment studiesChildhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life

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Cancer-related fatigue—mechanisms, risk factors, and treatments

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Bower, Julienne E.·2014·Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology

DOI 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.127PMC PMC4664449

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Abstract

Fatigue is one of the most common adverse effects of cancer that might persist for years after treatment completion in otherwise healthy survivors. Cancer-related fatigue causes disruption in all aspects of quality of life and might be a risk factor of reduced survival. The prevalence and course of fatigue in patients with cancer have been well characterized and there is growing understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms. Inflammation seems to have a key role in fatigue before, during, and after cancer-treatment. However, there is a considerable variability in the presentation of cancer-related fatigue, much of which is not explained by disease-related or treatment-related characteristics, suggesting that host factors might be important in the development and persistence of this symptom. Indeed, longitudinal studies have identified genetic, biological, psychosocial, and behavioural risk factors associated with cancer-related fatigue. Although no current gold-standard treatment for fatigue is available, a variety of intervention approaches have shown beneficial effects in randomized controlled trials, including physical activity, psychosocial, mind-body, and pharmacological treatments. This Review describes the mechanisms, risk factors, and possible interventions for cancer-related fatigue, focusing on recent longitudinal studies and randomized trials that have targeted fatigued patients.

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Authors: Bower, J. E.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author: Bower, Julienne E.
ORCID: Bower, Julienne E.
Venue: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2014-08-12
Volume: 11
Issue: 10
Pages: 597-609
ISSN: 1759-4774 (ISSN-L)
1759-4782
DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.127
PMC: PMC4664449
OpenAlex: W2091917093
Cited by: 1,666
References: 187
Citations by year: 2026: 207 · 2025: 225 · 2024: 159 · 2023: 195 · 2022: 193 · 2021: 193 · 2020: 147 · 2019: 111 · 2018: 76 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 2
FWCI: 6.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Cancer Institute (R01CA160427)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
Keywords: cancer-related fatigue, inflammation, risk factors, genetic risk factors, psychosocial risk factors, behavioral risk factors, biological mechanisms, fatigue interventions, physical activity, mind-body interventions, pharmacotherapy, cancer survivors, quality of life, survival
MeSH terms: Fatigue, Humans, Inflammation, Longitudinal Studies, Neoplasms, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Survivors

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