Synaptic vesicle pools
Abstract
Communication between cells reaches its highest degree of specialization at chemical synapses. Some synapses talk in a 'whisper'; others 'shout'. The 'louder' the synapse, the more synaptic vesicles are needed to maintain effective transmission, ranging from a few hundred (whisperers) to nearly a million (shouters). These vesicles reside in different 'pools', which have been given a bewildering array of names. In this review, we focus on five tissue preparations in which synaptic vesicle pools have been identified and thoroughly characterized. We argue that, in each preparation, each vesicle can be assigned to one of three distinct pools.
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Biophysical studies often delineate different vesicle pools at presynaptic active zones, but how these pools correlate to vesicle populations in electron micrographs or tomograms remains unclear.
“Finally, biophysical studies often delineate different vesicle pools at presynaptic active zones (AZs), specialized sites of synaptic vesicles fusion and neurotransmitter release [9–13] but how these pools correlate to vesicle populations in electron micrographs or tomograms remains unclear.”
The long depolarizing pulse may trigger the release of tethered vesicles or activate fast refilling of vesicles from the recycling or reserve pool.
“Thus, the long depolarizing pulse may trigger the release of tethered vesicles or, in addition, activate fast refilling of vesicles from the recycling or reserve pool [9,10].”
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References 168 · Cited by 975
- Authors
- Rizzoli, S. O., & Betz, W. J.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (DE)
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- Corresponding author
- Betz, William J.
- ORCID
- Rizzoli, Silvio O.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2005-01-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-69
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- OpenAlex
- W1989396363
- Cited by
- 975
- References
- 168
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 56 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 3.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Muscular Dystrophy Association
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Keywords
- synaptic vesicle pools, synaptic vesicles, chemical synapses, neurotransmitter release, vesicle recycling, synaptic transmission, vesicle pools
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Synaptic Transmission, Synapses, Synaptic Vesicles
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