Effect of diet with and without exercise training on markers of inflammation and fat distribution in overweight women
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The independent effects of exercise and weight loss on markers of inflammation (MOI) in obese individuals have not been clearly characterized. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify the independent effects of exercise and weight loss on MOI and (ii) determine whether changes in MOI were associated with changes in fat distribution. Subjects were 126 healthy, premenopausal women, BMI 27-30 kg/m(2). They were randomized to one of three groups: diet only, diet + aerobic-, or diet + resistance training until a BMI <25 kg/m(2) was achieved. Fat distribution was measured with computed tomography, and body composition with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNF-R1), soluble TNF receptor 2 (sTNF-R2), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin (IL)-6 were assessed. Results of repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a significant effect of time on MOI, such that MOI decreased with weight loss. Results of mixed-model analysis indicated that adjusting for intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) and total fat mass explained the decreases in TNF-α and sTNF-R1, whereas only total fat mass explained the decreases in sTNF-R2, IL-6, and CRP. In conclusion, weight loss was associated with decreases in MOI. The effect of weight loss appeared to be mediated by changes in total fat mass or IAAT. Addition of exercise did not alter the response, suggesting that weight loss has a more profound impact for reducing MOI in overweight women than exercise.
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In a previous study involving weight loss with a hypocaloric prescription, decreases in all markers of inflammation assessed were observed, with the decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha best explained by the decrease in intra-abdominal adipose tissue.
“In a previous study that involved weight loss with the use of a hypocaloric prescription, we observed decreases in all markers of inflammation assessed, with the decrease in TNF-a best explained by the decrease in IAAT (36).”
From A Lower-Carbohydrate, Higher-Fat Diet Reduces Abdominal and Intermuscular Fat and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [36]
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References 38 · Cited by 103
- Authors
- Fisher, G., Hyatt, T. C., Hunter, G. R., Oster, R. A., Desmond, R. A., & Gower, B. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fisher, Gordon
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1131-1136
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC3102145
- OpenAlex
- W2009412710
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 6.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- National Institutes of Health (5p60dk079626-05)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P60-DK-079626, R01DK49779, R01DK049779, R01 DK-51684, P30-DK56336, R01DK051684, T32DK062710, P30DK056336)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR00032, UL1-RR-025777, M01RR000032)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- inflammatory markers, weight loss, exercise training, aerobic exercise, resistance training, overweight women, body fat distribution, intra-abdominal adipose tissue, total fat mass, TNF-α, soluble TNF receptors, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, diet
- MeSH terms
- Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Diet, Reducing, Female, Humans, Solubility, Time Factors, Weight Loss, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Cytokines, Receptors, Cytokine, Inflammation Mediators, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Adiposity, Overweight, Body Fat Distribution, Resistance Training, Young Adult
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