The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The autophagy effector Beclin 1: a novel BH3-only protein
Open accessAbstract
BH3 domains were originally discovered in the context of apoptosis regulators and they mediate binding of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Yet, recent studies indicate that BH3 domains do not function uniquely in apoptosis regulation; they also function in the regulation of another critical pathway involved in cellular and tissue homeostasis called autophagy. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 homologs downregulate autophagy through interactions with the essential autophagy effector and haploinsufficient tumor suppressor, Beclin 1. Beclin 1 contains a BH3 domain, similar to that of Bcl-2 proteins, which is necessary and sufficient for binding to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 homologs and required for Bcl-2-mediated inhibition of autophagy. This review will summarize the evidence that the BH3 domain of Beclin 1 serves as a key structural motif that enables Bcl-2 to function not only as an antiapoptotic protein, but also as an antiautophagy protein.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Mitochondrial Autophagy Is an HIF-1-dependent Adaptive Metabolic Response to Hypoxia
Zhang, H., Bosch-Marce, M., Shimoda, L. A., Tan, Y. S., Baek, J. H., Wesley, J. B., Gonzalez, F. J., & Semenza, G. L. (2008) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m800102200 · Cited by 1,601
RetractedAutophagy in the Pathogenesis of Disease
Levine, B., & Kroemer, G. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.12.018 · Cited by 7,069
Self-citationAutophagy fights disease through cellular self-digestion
Mizushima, N., Levine, B., Cuervo, A. M., & Klionsky, D. J. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06639 · Cited by 6,452
Self-citationInduction of autophagy and inhibition of tumorigenesis by beclin 1
Liang, X. H., Jackson, S., Seaman, M., Brown, K., Kempkes, B., Hibshoosh, H., & Levine, B. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/45257 · Cited by 3,347
Self-citationPromotion of tumorigenesis by heterozygous disruption of the beclin 1 autophagy gene
Qu, X., Yu, J., Bhagat, G., Furuya, N., Hibshoosh, H., Troxel, A., Rosen, J., Eskelinen, E.-L., Mizushima, N., Ohsumi, Y., et al. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci20039 · Cited by 2,311
Self-citationYue, Z., Jin, S., Yang, C., Levine, A. J., & Heintz, N. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2436255100 · Cited by 2,116
Autophagic cell death: the story of a misnomer
Kroemer, G., & Levine, B. (2008) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2529 · Cited by 1,453
Self-citationDRAM, a p53-Induced Modulator of Autophagy, Is Critical for Apoptosis
Crighton, D., Wilkinson, S., O'Prey, J., Syed, N., Smith, P., Harrison, P. R., Gasco, M., Garrone, O., Crook, T., & Ryan, K. M. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.05.034 · Cited by 1,380
McDonnell, T. J., Deane, N., Platt, F. M., Nunez, G., Jaeger, U., McKearn, J. P., & Korsmeyer, S. J. (1989) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90174-8 · Cited by 1,213
Beclin 1 Forms Two Distinct Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Complexes with Mammalian Atg14 and UVRAG
Itakura, E., Kishi, C., Inoue, K., & Mizushima, N. (2008) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-01-0080 · Cited by 1,176
Cited by
Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013 · Cited by 66,590
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1
Klionsky, D. J., Abdel-Aziz, A. K., Abdelfatah, S., Abdellatif, M., Abdoli, A., Abel, S., Abeliovich, H., Abildgaard, M. H., Abudu, Y. P., Acevedo-Arozena, A., et al. (2021) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1797280 · Cited by 2,897
Self-citationThe Beclin 1 network regulates autophagy and apoptosis
Kang, R., Zeh, H. J., Lotze, M. T., & Tang, D. (2011) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/cdd.2010.191 · Cited by 2,485
Chondrocyte Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis
Hwang, H., & Kim, H. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms161125943 · Cited by 886
The Beclin 1–VPS34 complex – at the crossroads of autophagy and beyond
Funderburk, S. F., Wang, Q. J., & Yue, Z. (2010) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2010.03.002 · Cited by 782
Metadata
- Authors
- Sinha, S., & Levine, B.
- Venue
- Oncogene
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- S137-S148
- ISSN
- 0950-9232 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5594
- OpenAlex
- W1990775595
- Cited by
- 374
- References
- 19
- FWCI
- 13.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The autophagy effector Beclin 1: a novel BH3-only protein. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/onc.2009.51
- The paper
- Sinha, S., & Levine, B. (2008). The autophagy effector Beclin 1: a novel BH3-only protein. Oncogene. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2009.51
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.