What is the evidence regarding the safety of new obesity pharmacotherapies
Abstract
The use of gut-hormone receptors agonists as new therapeutic options for obesity and some of its related comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, has resulted in an unprecedented efficacy in the medical management of people living with obesity (PLWO). Appraisal of the safety of these drugs is of utmost importance considering the large number of PLWO, and the potentially long exposure to these pharmacotherapies. In this narrative review we summarize the evidence on the safety of liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide as derived from randomized clinical trials conducted in adults living with obesity. Additionally, the safety of these drugs is put into perspective with that of other drugs currently approved for the treatment of PLWO. Overall, the available data support a favorable efficacy versus safety balance for gut-hormone hormone receptor analogues in the treatment of these subjects. Nonetheless, it should be acknowledged that in the context of a chronic disease that has reached epidemic proportions, data from randomized clinical trials aimed primarily at proving the efficacy of these drugs may have been insufficient to unveil all the safety issues. Thus, continuous surveillance on the adverse effects of liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide is required as we use these drugs in a broader population than that represented in currently available clinical trials.
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GLP-1 RAs use has been associated with approximately 1.4 times increased risk of gallbladder and biliary diseases, especially when used at higher doses and for longer duration.
“GLP-1 RAs use has been associated with approximately 1.4 times increased risk of gallbladder and biliary diseases, especially when used at higher doses and for longer duration [80,81].”
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References 89 · Cited by 15
- Authors
- Vidal, J., Flores, L., Jiménez, A., Pané, A., & de Hollanda, A.
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2024-02-09
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 402-411
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- OpenAlex
- W4391682062
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Keywords
- obesity pharmacotherapy, drug safety, liraglutide, semaglutide, tirzepatide, type 2 diabetes, adverse drug reactions, safety surveillance
- MeSH terms
- Liraglutide, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, Glucagon-Like Peptides, Humans, Obesity, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Anti-Obesity Agents, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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