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Unlocking synergy in bimetallic catalysts by core–shell design
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Abstract
Extending the toolbox from mono- to bimetallic catalysts is key in realizing efficient chemical processes 1. Traditionally, the performance of bimetallic catalysts featuring one active and one selective metal is optimized by varying the metal composition 1-3, often resulting in a compromise between the catalytic properties of the two metals 4-6. Here we show that by designing the atomic distribution of bimetallic Au-Pd nanocatalysts, we obtain a synergistic catalytic performance in the industrially relevant selective hydrogenation of butadiene. Our single-crystalline Au-core Pd-shell nanorods were up to 50 times more active than their alloyed and monometallic counterparts, while retaining high selectivity. We find a shell-thickness-dependent catalytic activity, indicating that not only the nature of the surface but also several subsurface layers play a crucial role in the catalytic performance, and rationalize this finding using density functional theory calculations. Our results open up an alternative avenue for the structural design of bimetallic catalysts.
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“lattice mismatch in core−shell structures can induce strain that adjusts the binding strength of surface active sites toward adsorbates.5−7”
From High-Entropy Alloy Aerogels with High-Density Solid–Solid Heterointerfaces for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
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Metadata
- Authors
- van der Hoeven, J. E. S., Jelic, J., Olthof, L. A., Totarella, G., van Dijk-Moes, R. J. A., Krafft, J.-M., Louis, C., Studt, F., van Blaaderen, A., & de Jongh, P. E.
- Affiliations
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- van Blaaderen, Alfons
- de Jongh, Petra E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Materials
- Published
- 2021-05-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1216-1220
- ISSN
- 1476-1122 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4660
- OpenAlex
- W3159533776
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 14.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Materials (publishedVersion)
- ChemRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- European Commission (2007–2013, HORIZON2020, 291667)
- Universiteit Utrecht
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (724.012.001, 022.004.016)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Keywords
- bimetallic catalysts, core-shell nanocatalysts, butadiene hydrogenation, selective hydrogenation, synergistic catalysis, shell thickness, atomic distribution, single-crystalline nanorods, catalyst design
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