Pancreatic β-cells in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: different pathways to failure
Open accessAbstract
Loss of functional β-cell mass is the key mechanism leading to the two main forms of diabetes mellitus - type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Understanding the mechanisms behind β-cell failure is critical to prevent or revert disease. Basic pathogenic differences exist in the two forms of diabetes mellitus; T1DM is immune mediated and T2DM is mediated by metabolic mechanisms. These mechanisms differentially affect early β-cell dysfunction and eventual fate. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in the field, mostly delivered by studies on β-cells in human disease. These advances include studies of islet morphology and human β-cell gene expression in T1DM and T2DM, the identification and characterization of the role of T1DM and T2DM candidate genes at the β-cell level and the endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling that contributes to β-cell failure in T1DM (mostly IRE1 driven) and T2DM (mostly PERK-eIF2α dependent). Here, we review these new findings, focusing on studies performed on human β-cells or on samples obtained from patients with diabetes mellitus.
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This stress response is thought to be involved in the progression of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
“This stress response is thought to be involved in the progression of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.”
From Developments in stem cell-derived islet replacement therapy for treating type 1 diabetes (2023) · cites this paper as [130]
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- Authors
- Eizirik, D. L., Pasquali, L., & Cnop, M.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Pasquali, Lorenzo
- Cnop, Miriam
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology
- Published
- 2020-05-12
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 349-362
- ISSN
- 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5037
- OpenAlex
- W3024506005
- Cited by
- 854
- References
- 192
- Citations by year
- 2026: 119 · 2025: 156 · 2024: 175 · 2023: 160 · 2022: 135 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 24
- FWCI
- 22.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- Diabetes Fonds
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Keywords
- pancreatic beta cells, beta-cell failure, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, beta-cell dysfunction, islet morphology, beta-cell gene expression, candidate genes, endoplasmic reticulum stress, human islets
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency, Signal Transduction, Insulin-Secreting Cells
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