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Cited by 592Bacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyBiochemical and Structural CharacterizationEscherichia coli research studies

Regulation of peptidoglycan synthesis and remodelling

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Egan, Alexander J. F., Errington, Jeff, Vollmer, Waldemar·2020·Nature Reviews Microbiology
DOI 10.1038/s41579-020-0366-3
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Abstract

Bacteria surround their cell membrane with a net-like peptidoglycan layer, called sacculus, to protect the cell from bursting and maintain its cell shape. Sacculus growth during elongation and cell division is mediated by dynamic and transient multiprotein complexes, the elongasome and divisome, respectively. In this Review we present our current understanding of how peptidoglycan synthases are regulated by multiple and specific interactions with cell morphogenesis proteins that are linked to a dynamic cytoskeletal protein, either the actin-like MreB or the tubulin-like FtsZ. Several peptidoglycan synthases and hydrolases require activation by outer-membrane-anchored lipoproteins. We also discuss how bacteria achieve robust cell wall growth under different conditions and stresses by maintaining multiple peptidoglycan enzymes and regulators as well as different peptidoglycan growth mechanisms, and we present the emerging role of LD-transpeptidases in peptidoglycan remodelling.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Egan, A. J. F., Errington, J., & Vollmer, W.
Affiliations
Newcastle University (GB)
Corresponding author
Vollmer, Waldemar
ORCID
Venue
Nature Reviews Microbiology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-05-18
Volume
18
Issue
8
Pages
446-460
ISSN
  • 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-1534
DOI
10.1038/s41579-020-0366-3
OpenAlex
W3024551994
Cited by
592
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 79 · 2025: 111 · 2024: 101 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 25 · 2018: 1
FWCI
10.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
Funders
Wellcome Trust (209500, 101824/Z/13/Z, 209500/Z/17/Z)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Structural Characterization
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Escherichia coli research studies
Keywords
peptidoglycan biosynthesis, bacterial cell wall, cell shape, cell morphogenesis, elongasome, divisome, MreB, FtsZ, cytoskeletal proteins, peptidoglycan hydrolase, bacterial cell division
MeSH terms
Bacteria, Bacterial Proteins, Cell Membrane, Cell Wall, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Peptidoglycan

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