The DOI matches its Crossref record; 121 of the 121 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The dynamic lung microbiome in health and disease
Open accessAbstract
New methods and technologies within the field of lung biology are beginning to shed new light into the microbial world of the respiratory tract. Long considered to be a sterile environment, it is now clear that the human lungs are frequently exposed to live microbes and their by-products. The nature of the lung microbiome is quite distinct from other microbial communities inhabiting our bodies such as those in the gut. Notably, the microbiome of the lung exhibits a low biomass and is dominated by dynamic fluxes of microbial immigration and clearance, resulting in a bacterial burden and microbiome composition that is fluid in nature rather than fixed. As our understanding of the microbial ecology of the lung improves, it is becoming increasingly apparent that certain disease states can disrupt the microbial–host interface and ultimately affect disease pathogenesis. In this Review, we provide an overview of lower airway microbial dynamics in health and disease and discuss future work that is required to uncover novel therapeutic targets to improve lung health. Like the gut, the lung harbours a diverse, interacting assortment of microbiota. In this review, Natalini, Singh and Segal examine the role of the lung microbiome in health and disease and discuss future work that is needed to produce novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools aimed at improving lung health.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Microbiome analyses of blood and tissues suggest cancer diagnostic approach
Poore, G. D., Kopylova, E., Zhu, Q., Carpenter, C., Fraraccio, S., Wandro, S., Kosciolek, T., Janssen, S., Metcalf, J., Song, S. J., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2095-1 · Cited by 989
RetractedGut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Routy, B., Le Chatelier, E., Derosa, L., Duong, C. P. M., Alou, M. T., Daillère, R., Fluckiger, A., Messaoudene, M., Rauber, C., Roberti, M. P., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan3706 · Cited by 5,671
Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients
Gopalakrishnan, V., Spencer, C. N., Nezi, L., Reuben, A., Andrews, M. C., Karpinets, T. V., Prieto, P. A., Vicente, D., Hoffman, K., Wei, S. C., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan4236 · Cited by 4,812
Reagent and laboratory contamination can critically impact sequence-based microbiome analyses
Salter, S. J., Cox, M. J., Turek, E. M., Calus, S. T., Cookson, W. O., Moffatt, M. F., Turner, P., Parkhill, J., Loman, N. J., & Walker, A. W. (2014) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-014-0087-z · Cited by 3,463
The commensal microbiome is associated with anti-PD-1 efficacy in metastatic melanoma patients
Matson, V., Fessler, J., Bao, R., Chongsuwat, T., Zha, Y., Alegre, M.-L., Luke, J. J., & Gajewski, T. F. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aao3290 · Cited by 3,107
Lloyd-Price, J., Abu-Ali, G., & Huttenhower, C. (2016) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0307-y · Cited by 1,891
Kramer, M. S., Chalmers, B., Hodnett, E. D., Sevkovskaya, Z., Dzikovich, I., Shapiro, S., Collet, J.-P., Vanilovich, I., Mezen, I., Ducruet, T., et al. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.285.4.413 · Cited by 1,534
Chaput, N., Lepage, P., Coutzac, C., Soularue, E., Le Roux, K., Monot, C., Boselli, L., Routier, E., Cassard, L., Collins, M., et al. (2017) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1093/annonc/mdx108 · Cited by 1,310
Topographical Continuity of Bacterial Populations in the Healthy Human Respiratory Tract
Charlson, E. S., Bittinger, K., Haas, A. R., Fitzgerald, A. S., Frank, I., Yadav, A., Bushman, F. D., & Collman, R. G. (2011) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201104-0655oc · Cited by 1,144
Stress and stability: applying the Anna Karenina principle to animal microbiomes
Zaneveld, J. R., McMinds, R., & Vega Thurber, R. (2017) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.121 · Cited by 977
Cited by
The human microbiome in clinical translation: from bench to bedside
Bautista, J., Echeverría, C. E., Maldonado-Noboa, I., Ojeda-Mosquera, S., Hidalgo-Tinoco, C., & López-Cortés, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1632435 · Cited by 55
Metadata
- Authors
- Natalini, J. G., Singh, S., & Segal, L. N.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Microbiology
- Published
- 2022-11-16
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 222-235
- ISSN
- 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
- 1740-1534
- OpenAlex
- W4309475174
- Cited by
- 523
- References
- 121
- FWCI
- 8.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The dynamic lung microbiome in health and disease. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41579-022-00821-x
- The paper
- Natalini, J. G., Singh, S., & Segal, L. N. (2023). The dynamic lung microbiome in health and disease. Nature Reviews Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-022-00821-x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
