A biomimetic eye with a hemispherical perovskite nanowire array retina
Open accessAbstract
Human eyes possess exceptional image-sensing characteristics such as an extremely wide field of view, high resolution and sensitivity with low aberration 1. Biomimetic eyes with such characteristics are highly desirable, especially in robotics and visual prostheses. However, the spherical shape and the retina of the biological eye pose an enormous fabrication challenge for biomimetic devices 2,3. Here we present an electrochemical eye with a hemispherical retina made of a high-density array of nanowires mimicking the photoreceptors on a human retina. The device design has a high degree of structural similarity to a human eye with the potential to achieve high imaging resolution when individual nanowires are electrically addressed. Additionally, we demonstrate the image-sensing function of our biomimetic device by reconstructing the optical patterns projected onto the device. This work may lead to biomimetic photosensing devices that could find use in a wide spectrum of technological applications.
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The EC-EYE showed high responsivity, fast response, low detection limit, and a wide field of view, mimicking the human eye's image acquisition function.
“The EC-EYE showed high responsivity, fast response, low detection limit, and a wide field of view, mimicking the human eye's image acquisition function.”
From Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors (2025) · cites this paper as [204]
Gu et al. demonstrated a biomimetic electrochemical eye (EC-EYE) with a hemispherical perovskite nanowire array grown via a vapor-phase method.
“Gu et al. [204] demonstrated a biomimetic electrochemical eye (EC-EYE) with a hemispherical perovskite nanowire array grown via a vapor-phase method.”
From Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors (2025) · cites this paper as [204]
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Li, M., Yang, D., Huang, X., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Yin, B., Pan, Q., Kang, J., Zheng, N., Liu, X., et al. (2022) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202201413 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors
Li, Y., Ding, Y., Sun, J., Tan, S., Li, Y., Wang, X., Cai, J., Bai, J., Lv, X., Guo, W., et al. (2025) · SmartMat · doi:10.1002/smm2.70022 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gu, L., Poddar, S., Lin, Y., Long, Z., Zhang, D., Zhang, Q., Shu, L., Qiu, X., Kam, M., Javey, A., & Fan, Z.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fan, Zhiyong
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2020-05-20
- Volume
- 581
- Issue
- 7808
- Pages
- 278-282
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W3027065653
- Cited by
- 773
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 82 · 2025: 179 · 2024: 149 · 2023: 144 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 100 · 2020: 24
- FWCI
- 30.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.osti.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51672231)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanowire Synthesis and Applications
- Keywords
- perovskite nanowires, photoreceptors, image sensing, nanowire arrays, retinal prosthesis, robot vision
- MeSH terms
- Equipment Design, Humans, Oxides, Retina, Robotics, Titanium, Vision, Ocular, Calcium Compounds, Biomimetics, Biomimetic Materials, Nanowires
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