The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
PRISMA AI reporting guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses on AI in healthcare
Open accessOverview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline [57] and the PRISMA-AI extension [58].”
From Explainability of decoder-only clinical large language models: A scoping review (2026) · cites this paper as [58]
Citations
Cites
The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., et al. (2021) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-021-01626-4 · Cited by 13,874
Self-citationChecklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM): a guide for authors and reviewers
Mongan, J., Moy, L., & Kahn, C. E. (2020) · Radiology: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1148/ryai.2020200029 · Cited by 1,443
Self-citationGuidance for Developers of Health Research Reporting Guidelines
Moher, D., Schulz, K. F., Simera, I., & Altman, D. G. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000217 · Cited by 1,437
Self-citationLiu, X., Cruz Rivera, S., Moher, D., Calvert, M. J., Denniston, A. K., The SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Working Group, SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Steering Group, Chan, A.-W., Darzi, A., Holmes, C., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1034-x · Cited by 1,421
Self-citationVasey, B., Nagendran, M., Campbell, B., Clifton, D. A., Collins, G. S., Denaxas, S., Denniston, A. K., Faes, L., Geerts, B., Ibrahim, M., et al. (2022) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-01772-9 · Cited by 1,039
Self-citationCruz Rivera, S., Liu, X., Chan, A.-W., Denniston, A. K., Calvert, M. J., The SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Working Group, SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Steering Group, Darzi, A., Holmes, C., Yau, C., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1037-7 · Cited by 933
Self-citationMoher, D., Altman, D. G., Liberati, A., & Tetzlaff, J. (2011) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3181fe7825 · Cited by 627
Self-citationSounderajah, V., Ashrafian, H., Rose, S., Shah, N. H., Ghassemi, M., Golub, R., Kahn, C. E., Esteva, A., Karthikesalingam, A., Mateen, B. A., et al. (2021) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01517-0 · Cited by 284
Self-citationSounderajah, V., Ashrafian, H., Aggarwal, R., De Fauw, J., Denniston, A. K., Greaves, F., Karthikesalingam, A., King, D., Liu, X., Markar, S. R., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0941-1 · Cited by 270
Self-citationReporting guidelines for clinical trials evaluating artificial intelligence interventions are needed
The CONSORT-AI and SPIRIT-AI Steering Group (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0603-3 · Cited by 143
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–138 of 138
Colliander, E., Tupper, S., Kielberg, M. L., Liu, M. L., Almar-Munoz, E., Mayr, A., & Mombiela, R. M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14228255 · Cited by 1
“There is a clear need to develop a tailored PRISMA for AI [57] that also considers the importance of task-specific performance metrics.”
Tripathi, M., Liapis, I., Sanghera, J. S., Annesi, C. A., Landrum, A., Kumar, S., Bhatia, S., & Fonseca, A. L. (2025) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2025.116764 · Cited by 1
Chia, A. W.-Y., Teo, W. L.-L., Munro, Y. L., & Dalan, R. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-29591-1 · Cited by 1
“…be developed in an ideal format for models to evaluate (e.g. STROBE for cross-sectional, observational studies; PRISMA for systematic reviews etc.) 31,32 and thus should tailor prompt approaches to typologies of criteria even as new AI relevant guidelines such as PRISMA-AI are being developed 33 .”
Artificial intelligence in African economics: a systematic review of performance and ethical risks
Osei_Dwomoh, E., & Forkuo, G. O. (2026) · Future Business Journal · doi:10.1186/s43093-026-00776-y · Cited by 2
López-Medina, D. C., Oliveros, A., Moreno-Ángel, N., Arellano, A. C. H., & Henao-Pérez, M. (2026) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/78168 · Cited by 1
“…ethical landscape where most documents address isolated ethical components rather than offering comprehensive, principle-wide guidance (Figure 2 [13-15, 17, 28-69 28-69 Across the three domains evaluated (general characteristics, validations and performance aspects, and ethics), most frameworks…”
InfluentialMcGuire, L., Giannotti, N., Cai, W., Baumann, V., & Clarke, J. (2026) · European Journal of Radiology Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.ejrai.2026.100099 · Cited by 1
Yankam, B. M. (2026) · Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.3389/frai.2026.1739192 · Cited by 1
Naqvi, S. S. A., Zhou, C., Saeed, A., Xu, P., Li, Y., Uzair, M., & Arshad, F. M. (2026) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2026.134416 · Cited by 2
Clinical performance of automated machine learning: A systematic review
Thirunavukarasu, A. J., Elangovan, K., Gutiérrez, L., Hassan, R., Li, Y., Tan, T. F., Cheng, H., Teo, Z. L., Lim, G., & Ting, D. S. W. (2024) · Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore · doi:10.47102/https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2023113 · Cited by 18
Prokar Dasgupta, A., & Raison, N. T. J. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-22132-3.00014-9 · Cited by 1
Explainability of decoder-only clinical large language models: A scoping review
Mishra, N., Abu-Hanna, A., & Calixto, I. (2026) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103501
Papadopoulou, P., & Lytras, M. D. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13619-1.00003-9
Marrapu, S. (2024) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc2356229
Evaluating the Influence of Chatbots and AI Assistants on Medical Communication and Patient Trust
Chandana, P., Samrat, B., Suri, S., Majumder, R., Patil, S., & Sahu, P. K. (2024) · Seminars in Medical Writing and Education · doi:10.56294/mw2024495
Vijay, B., Swarup, L., Gandhi, A., Mehta, S., Kaushik, N., & Choudhury, S. (2024) · Seminars in Medical Writing and Education · doi:10.56294/mw2024502
Athos, L. A. B., Andriy, S., Benoît, B., Sylvie, N. W. I., Emile, N. S., Kalau, W. A., Mulefu, J. P., Dereymaeker, G., & Serge, V. S. J. (2025) · Foot & Ankle Surgery Techniques Reports & Cases · doi:10.1016/j.fastrc.2025.100551
Hafedh, S., Ruslan, A. H., Ishaq, R. A. R., Hassan, R., & Maudhah, A. A. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8108220/v1
Generative AI-Driven Frameworks for Intelligent Wind Energy Forecasting and Optimization
Haq, I. U., & Rather, A. H. (2025) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-4272-6.ch015
Amankwaa, I., Odoom, A., Kasim, A., Kobiah, E., Diebieri, M., Boateng, E. A., Gyamfi, S., & Hales, C. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8671859/v1
AI Agents in Cloud-Based Healthcare Enhancing Patient Care Through Intelligent IT Services
Myeka, P. K. R. (2025) · International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Information and Control Systems (ICOIICS) · doi:10.1109/icoiics67115.2025.11390374
Lee, D. C. W., O’Brien, K. M., Presseau, J., Yoong, S., Lecathelinais, C., Wolfenden, L., Thomas, J., Arno, A., Hutton, B., & Hodder, R. K. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.02.25.26347053
Ahn, S., Kim, S., & Valdes, J. (2026) · Springer international handbooks of education · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88898-4_24-1
Artificial intelligence models for lung cancer risk prediction using electronic health records
Islam, M. M., & Okere, A. N. (2026) · Health Sciences Review · doi:10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100269
Large language surgery in the era of AI and digital standards
Guni, A., Collins, P. G. S., Darzi, A. W., & Ashrafian, H. (2026) · International Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1097/js9.0000000000005360
Self-citationLu, L., Li, H., Liu, Y.-M., Du, H.-X., Qin, J., Yeung, W.-F., Zhong, C. C., Xiong, L., & Chen, S.-C. (2026) · Information · doi:10.3390/info17060554
Teaching Critical Appraisal in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Zakhari, R. (2026) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/cin.0000000000001603
Minjie, X., Zhu, L., Wang, Y. N., Ye, Q., Hong, J., He, H., & Shuang, E. (2026) · Current Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0115734110426714260709064624
Algorithmic fairness and bias mitigation in financial artificial intelligence: scoping review
Wecchi, M., & Berton, L. (2026) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-026-01238-5
Tan, C.-Y., Adams, D., Ng, D., & Gao, L. (2026) · Educational Research and Evaluation · doi:10.1080/13803611.2026.2698571
“…bias through opaque screening algorithms; produce inaccurate or incomplete data extraction; generate unreliable references or summaries; and raise concerns about authorship, transparency, plagiarism, privacy, and accountability (Cacciamani et al., 2023; Holst et al., 2025; Page et al., 2021).”
Kessler, D. A., Bobowicz, M., Kosno, M., Joshi, S., Kostas Marias, A., Díaz, O., & Lekadir, K. (2026) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113101 · Cited by 1
Kinzhebay, A., Zhanymbetova, A., & Salybekov, A. A. (2026) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1016046
A harm-reduction framework for responsible AI in public health research
Hughes, M. C. (2026) · npj Digital Public Health · doi:10.1038/s44482-026-00031-9
The AI Colleague: Reimagining Interprofessional Collaboration and Education in Medicine
Yuh, C., Cho, C., & Lee, Y. (2026) · JMIR Medical Education · doi:10.2196/94034
Jay, M., Abi‐Jaoude, J., Straus, S. E., Eskander, A., Lipscombe, L. L., Dharma, C., & Yu, C. (2026) · Global Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.gloepi.2026.100282
“Multiple groups are actively working in this space [34,35], reflecting growing recognition of the need for systematic evaluation as AI becomes increasingly integrated into SR workflows.”
Riley, M. J., Sharma, D. S., Ismail, M. J., Jemahl, S., Pickess, M., Ng, G. A., Kotb, A. I., & Hogg, H. D. J. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.112274
Medical publishing in the era of artificial intelligence
Ranjitha, R., Maroof, K., & Shah, D. (2026) · Indian Journal of Skin Allergy · doi:10.25259/ijsa_50_2026 · Cited by 1
Pennisi, F., Pinto, A., Cozzolino, C., Rezza, G., Signorelli, C., Baldo, V., & Gianfredi, V. (2026) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0001796
Househ, M. S., Khalifa, M., Albadawy, M., Carvalho‐e‐Silva, A. P., Sood, V., Saedisomeolia, A., & Tariq, Z. U. A. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.115507
Metadata
- Authors
- Cacciamani, G. E., Chu, T. N., Sanford, D. I., Abreu, A., Duddalwar, V., Oberai, A., Kuo, C.-C. J., Liu, X., Denniston, A. K., Vasey, B., McCulloch, P., Wolff, R. F., Mallett, S., Mongan, J., Kahn, C. E., Sounderajah, V., Darzi, A., Dahm, P., Moons, K. G. M., Topol, E., Collins, G. S., Moher, D., Gill, I. S., & Hung, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Kleijnen Systematic Reviews (United Kingdom) (GB)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Scripps Research Institute (US)
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Cacciamani, Giovanni E.
- ORCID
- Cacciamani, Giovanni E.
- Duddalwar, Vinay
- Oberai, Assad
- Kuo, C.-C. Jay
- Liu, Xiaoxuan
- Denniston, Alastair K.
- Vasey, Baptiste
- McCulloch, Peter
- Wolff, Robert F.
- Mallett, Sue
- Mongan, John
- Kahn, Charles E.
- Sounderajah, Viknesh
- Darzi, Ara
- Dahm, Philipp
- Moons, Karel G. M.
- Topol, Eric
- Collins, Gary S.
- Moher, David
- Gill, Inderbir S.
- Hung, Andrew J.
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2023-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-15
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- OpenAlex
- W4316507599
- Cited by
- 143
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 9
- FWCI
- 8.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- discovery.ucl.ac.uk
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Alan Turing Institute (TU/ASG/R-SPEH-113)
- Cancer Research UK (27294)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR205103, NF-SI-0510-10186, NF-SI-0617-10038)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Keywords
- reporting guidelines, artificial intelligence in healthcare, systematic reviews, meta-analysis
- MeSH terms
- Artificial Intelligence, Delivery of Health Care, Publishing, Checklist
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
