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A general method to optimize and functionalize red-shifted rhodamine dyes
Open accessAbstract
Expanding the palette of fluorescent dyes is vital to push the frontier of biological imaging. Although rhodamine dyes remain the premier type of small-molecule fluorophore owing to their bioavailability and brightness, variants excited with far-red or near-infrared light suffer from poor performance due to their propensity to adopt a lipophilic, nonfluorescent form. We report a framework for rationalizing rhodamine behavior in biological environments and a general chemical modification for rhodamines that optimizes long-wavelength variants and enables facile functionalization with different chemical groups. This strategy yields red-shifted ‘Janelia Fluor’ (JF) dyes useful for biological imaging experiments in cells and in vivo. A general tuning strategy is introduced for improving the utility of rhodamines for biological imaging applications. The strategy yielded bright, versatile and bioavailable far-red and near-infrared ‘Janelia Fluor’ dyes.
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Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis
Schindelin, J., Arganda-Carreras, I., Frise, E., Kaynig, V., Longair, M., Pietzsch, T., Preibisch, S., Rueden, C., Saalfeld, S., Schmid, B., et al. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2019 · Cited by 66,890
Cited by
Zeng, S., Liu, X., Kafuti, Y. S., Kim, H., Wang, J., Peng, X., Li, H., & Yoon, J. (2023) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d2cs00799a · Cited by 341
Xanthene-Based NIR-II Dyes for In Vivo Dynamic Imaging of Blood Circulation
Liu, D., He, Z., Zhao, Y., Yang, Y., Shi, W., Li, X., & Ma, H. (2021) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.1c07711 · Cited by 217
Xanthene dyes for cancer imaging and treatment: A material odyssey
Karaman, O., Alkan, G. A., Kizilenis, C., Akgul, C. C., & Gunbas, G. (2023) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214841 · Cited by 46
SNAP-tag2 for faster and brighter protein labeling
Kühn, S., Nasufovic, V., Wilhelm, J., Kompa, J., de Lange, E. M. F., Lin, Y.-H., Egoldt, C., Fischer, J., Lennoi, A., Tarnawski, M., et al. (2025) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/s41589-025-01942-z · Cited by 44
Genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for metals in biology
Torres-Ocampo, A. P., & Palmer, A. E. (2023) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102284 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- Grimm, J. B., Tkachuk, A. N., Xie, L., Choi, H., Mohar, B., Falco, N., Schaefer, K., Patel, R., Zheng, Q., Liu, Z., Lippincott-Schwartz, J., Brown, T. A., & Lavis, L. D.
- Venue
- Nature Methods
- Published
- 2020-07-27
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 815-821
- ISSN
- 1548-7091 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-7105
- OpenAlex
- W3044450512
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 12.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Grimm, J. B., Tkachuk, A. N., Xie, L., Choi, H., Mohar, B., Falco, N., Schaefer, K., Patel, R., Zheng, Q., Liu, Z., Lippincott-Schwartz, J., Brown, T. A., & Lavis, L. D. (2020). A general method to optimize and functionalize red-shifted rhodamine dyes. Nature Methods. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-020-0909-6
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