The importance of plasma apolipoprotein E concentration in addition to its common polymorphism on inter-individual variation in lipid levels: results from Apo Europe
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Interindividual variation in the concentration of plasma lipids which are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. This study investigates the effects of apoE genotype and plasma concentration on cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) levels in subjects from five countries: Finland, France, Northern Ireland, Portugal, and Spain. Age and sex significantly influenced serum cholesterol, TG and apoE concentrations. The age effect differs in males and females. The allele frequencies of the apoE gene, one of the most widely studied CAD susceptibility genes, were determined: the epsilon2 allele frequency and the apoE concentration showed a north-south increasing gradient while the epsilon4 allele frequency showed the reverse. ApoE plays an important role in lipid metabolism. Total cholesterol and TG concentrations were significantly dependent on apoE genotype in both sexes. These differences in lipids between genotypes were more pronounced when plasma apoE concentrations were taken into account.
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At the level of an individual, the effect of the APOE polymorphism on plasma lipid levels is moderate, but because the polymorphism is common, it contributes substantially to total phenotypic variability in plasma lipid levels in the general population.
“At the level of an individual the effect of the APOE polymorphism on plasma lipid levels is moderate, however since the APOE polymorphism is common, it contributes substantially to the total phenotypic variability in plasma lipid levels in the general population [21,24,58].”
From Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, APOE genotype and risk of dementia and ischemic heart disease: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [58]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn men, levels of apoE leveled off after age 45 years, whereas they continued to increase in women.
“In men, the levels of apoE leveled off after the age of 45 years, whereas they continued to increase in women [58].”
From Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, APOE genotype and risk of dementia and ischemic heart disease: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [58]
Irrespective of APOE genotype, plasma apoE levels are associated with cholesterol levels.
“Irrespective of APOE genotype, plasma apoE levels are associated with cholesterol levels [20,58].”
From Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, APOE genotype and risk of dementia and ischemic heart disease: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [58]
Irrespective of APOE genotype, plasma apoE levels are associated with cholesterol levels.
“Irrespective of APOE genotype, plasma apoE levels are also associated with cholesterol levels [ 9, 10].”
From ApoE Plasma Levels and Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in Old Age (2006) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Haddy, N., Bacquer, D. D., Chemaly, M. M., Maurice, M., Ehnholm, C., Evans, A., Sans, S., Martins, M. D. C., Backer, G. D., Siest, G., & Visvikis, S.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Venue
- European Journal of Human Genetics
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 841-850
- ISSN
- 1018-4813 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5438
- OpenAlex
- W2136752413
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- apolipoprotein E, APOE polymorphism, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, coronary artery disease risk, allele frequency, age and sex effects, lipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aging, Apolipoproteins E, Cholesterol, Contraceptive Agents, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Sex Characteristics, Smoking, Triglycerides, Body Mass Index
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