The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evidence for linkage of a tandem duplication polymorphism upstream of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Evidence from twin, adoption, and family studies provide support for a genetic contribution to the etiology of ADHD. Several candidate gene studies have identified an association between a 7-repeat variant in exon 3 of the dopamine 4 receptor gene (DRD4) and ADHD. However, in spite of the positive reports finding association of the exon 3 VNTR with ADHD, several other polymorphisms within DRD4 have been identified that conceivably could contribute to risk for ADHD. Recently, another common polymorphism of the DRD4 gene has been described involving a 120-bp repeat element upstream of the 5' transcription initiation site. In this report, we describe results of analysis of the DRD4 120-bp repeat promoter polymorphism in a sample of 371 children with ADHD and their parents, using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). Results showed a significant preferential transmission of the 240-bp (long) allele with ADHD. Exploratory analyses of the Inattentive phenotypic subtype of ADHD strengthened the evidence for linkage. These data add further support for the role of DRD4 variants conferring increased risk for ADHD, and imply that additional studies of DRD4 and other related genes are needed.
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“Several studies have suggested that DRD4 is more strongly associated with inattentive symptoms than hyperactive-impulsive symptoms of ADHD (McCracken et al., 2000; Gizer and Waldman, 2012), while other studies showed that DRD4 was implicated in both inattentive and hyperactive symptoms (Lasky-Su et al., 2007; Bidwell et al., 2011).”
From A Review of Heterogeneity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (2019) · cites this paper as McCracken et al., 2000
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Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Faraone, S. V., Perlis, R. H., Doyle, A. E., Smoller, J. W., Goralnick, J. J., Holmgren, M. A., & Sklar, P. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.024 · Cited by 2,357
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Faraone, S. V., & Larsson, H. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0070-0 · Cited by 1,338
Sleep and mental disorders: a meta-analysis of polysomnographic research
Baglioni, C., Nanovska, S., Regen, W., Spiegelhalder, K., Feige, B., Nissen, C., Reynolds, C. F., & Riemann, D. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000053 · Cited by 1,074
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review
Gizer, I. R., Ficks, C., & Waldman, I. D. (2009) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0694-x · Cited by 1,020
Li, D., Sham, P. C., Owen, M. J., & He, L. (2006) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl152 · Cited by 602
Metadata
- Authors
- McCracken, J. T., Smalley, S. L., McGough, J. J., Crawford, L., Del'Homme, M., Cantor, R. M., Liu, A., & Nelson, S. F.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- McCracken, J T
- Venue
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Published
- 2000-09-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 531-536
- ISSN
- 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5578
- OpenAlex
- W1987273630
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 58277, R01MH058277)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41 RR 03655, P41RR003655)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dopamine D4 receptor, DRD4, promoter polymorphism, linkage, transmission disequilibrium test, genetic susceptibility, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Exons, Family Health, Female, Haplotypes, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Genetic, Linkage Disequilibrium, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Tandem Repeat Sequences, Receptors, Dopamine D4
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