The DOI matches its Crossref record; 128 of the 128 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Hypercoagulable State of Malignancy: Pathogenesis and Current Debate
Open accessAbstract
A hypercoagulable or prothrombotic state of malignancy occurs due to the ability of tumor cells to activate the coagulation system. It has been estimated that hypercoagulation accounts for a significant percentage of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. Prothrombotic factors in cancer include the ability of tumor cells to produce and secrete procoagulant/fibrinolytic substances and inflammatory cytokines, and the physical interaction between tumor cell and blood (monocytes, platelets, neutrophils) or vascular cells. Other mechanisms of thrombus promotion in malignancy include nonspecific factors such as the generation of acute phase reactants and necrosis (i.e., inflammation), abnormal protein metabolism (i.e., paraproteinemia), and hemodynamic compromise (i.e., stasis). In addition, anticancer therapy (i.e., surgery/chemotherapy/hormone therapy) may significantly increase the risk of thromboembolic events by similar mechanisms, e.g., procoagulant release, endothelial damage, or stimulation of tissue factor production by host cells. However, not all of the mechanisms for the production of a hypercoagulable state of cancer are entirely understood. In this review, we attempt to describe what is currently accepted about the pathophysiology of the hypercoagulable state of cancer. We also discuss whether or not to screen patients with idiopathic deep venous thrombosis for an underlying malignancy, and whether this would be beneficial to patients. It is hoped that a better understanding of these mechanisms will ultimately lead to the development of more targeted treatment to prevent thromboembolic complications in cancer patients. It is also hoped that antithrombotic strategies may also have a positive effect on the process of tumor growth and dissemination.
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“Cancer mortality and morbidity are contributed to by a hypercoagulative state of malignancy in patients [31].”
From Approaches to Improve EPR-Based Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis (2023) · cites this paper as [31]
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Steffel, J., Verhamme, P., Potpara, T. S., Albaladejo, P., Antz, M., Desteghe, L., Haeusler, K. G., Oldgren, J., Reinecke, H., Roldan-Schilling, V., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy136 · Cited by 2,123
Self-citationTumors as Organs: Complex Tissues that Interface with the Entire Organism
Egeblad, M., Nakasone, E. S., & Werb, Z. (2010) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2010.05.012 · Cited by 1,294
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Andrade, J. G., Aguilar, M., Atzema, C. L., Bell, A., Cairns, J. A., Cheung, C. C., Cox, J. L., Dorian, P., Gladstone, D. J., Healey, J. S., et al. (2020) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2020.09.001 · Cited by 593
Risk factors for chemotherapy‐associated venous thromboembolism in a prospective observational study
Khorana, A. A., Francis, C. W., Culakova, E., & Lyman, G. H. (2005) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.21496 · Cited by 564
Metadata
- Authors
- Caine, G. J., Stonelake, P. S., Lip, G. Y. H., & Kehoe, S. T.
- Affiliations
- Birmingham City Hospital (GB)
- Birmingham Women's Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- Neoplasia
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 465-473
- ISSN
- 1476-5586 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-8002
- PMC
- PMC1550339
- OpenAlex
- W2120304210
- Cited by
- 576
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neoplasia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Internal Medicine › Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Keywords
- cancer-associated thrombosis, hypercoagulability, procoagulant factors, fibrinolysis, inflammatory cytokines, tissue factor, antithrombotic therapy, venous thromboembolism
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Blood Coagulation, Blood Coagulation Factors, Cell Communication, Humans, Neoplasms, Cytokines, Thrombophilia
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