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Suspended particulates and bioaerosols emitted from an agricultural non-point source
Abstract
Suspended particulate and bioaerosol levels were measured at three sites downwind of an agricultural non-point source during the wheat harvesting season. Suspended particulates were detected at mean values ranging from 10000 to 2420 micrograms m-3 at distances of from 20 to 60 m downwind of the source, respectively. Airborne viable bacterial counts were recorded at mean values ranging between 10(4) and 10(6) colony forming units (cfu) m-3, whereas, Gram negative (Gram -ve) bacteria varied between 10(3) and 10(5) cfu m-3. Fungi levels were detected at mean values varying between 10(5) and 10(6) cfu m-3. However, streptomycetes were found at lower counts than those recorded for viable bacteria and fungi. Total viable bacteria, Gram -ve bacteria, fungi and streptomycetes associated hay fragments were determined at mean values of 1.5 x 10(6), 1.6 x 10(3), 2.2 x 10(4) and 6 x 10(3) cfu g-1 of hay, respectively. Cladosporium, white and red yeasts as well as Alternaria were the predominant airborne fungi, whereas, Alternaria was the dominant species associated with hay fragments. Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae were the dominant Gram -ve bacteria. The most common fungal genera, such as Cladosporium and Fusarium (minor short axis), as well as Streptomyces species have an aerodynamic diameter (dae) of less than 5 microns, which can penetrate and deposit in the alveoli. Farmers and nearby residents are exposed to high levels of organic dust and bioaerosols during the wheat harvesting season. This may cause health problems in exposed persons based on toxic or allergic reactions.
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“Some fungal spores most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere and very common for fungal spores of 2-4 µm ( Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium solitum ) (Fröhlich-Nowoisky et al., 2012; Hameed and Khodr, 2001) only show a weak signal in the emission wavelength of 310 to 400 nm (Saari et al., 2013; Healy et al., 2014).”
From Regional-scale simulations of fungal spore aerosols using an emission parameterization adapted to local measurements of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (2015) · cites this paper as Hameed and Khodr, 2001
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“…the Earth’s atmosphere and very common for fungal spores of 2–4 µm (Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium solitum) (Fröhlich-Nowoisky et al., 2012; Hameed and Khodr, 2001) only show a weak signal in the emission wavelength of 310 to 400 nm (Saari et al., 2013; Healy et al., 2014).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Abdel Hameed, A. A., & Khodr, M. I.
- Affiliations
- National Research Centre (EG)
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Monitoring
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2001
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 206-209
- ISSN
- 1464-0325 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0333
- OpenAlex
- W2121401122
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Monitoring (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Keywords
- suspended particulate matter, bioaerosols, wheat harvesting, hay dust, Gram-negative bacteria, airborne fungi, Streptomyces, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Pseudomonas, aerodynamic diameter, organic dust, respiratory health risk
- MeSH terms
- Aerosols, Agriculture, Air Pollutants, Environmental Monitoring, Fungi, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Humans, Particle Size, Triticum, Occupational Exposure, Inhalation Exposure
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