The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A unifying mechanism for all high-temperature Heck reactions. The role of palladium colloids and anionic species
Abstract
The Heck reaction has been the subject of intense investigation in the past decade. Many new types of catalysts have been developed in addition to the existing palladium/phosphine complexes. Prominent among these are palladacycles, pincers, several types of heterogeneous palladium catalysts, colloids and ligand-free palladium, usually in the form of Pd(OAc)2. Most of the newer types function only at higher temperatures, typically between 120 and 160 degrees C. It has been shown that irrespective of the catalyst precursor, none of these catalysts are stable at these high temperatures. They all have a tendency to form soluble palladium(0) colloids or nanoparticles, certainly with less reactive substrates such as aryl bromides or chlorides. The Heck reaction takes place by attack of the arylating agent on the palladium atoms in the outer rim of the nanoparticles. This leads to formation of monomeric or dimeric anionic palladium complexes that undergo the usual steps of the Heck mechanism as described by Amatore and Jutand.
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Citations
Cites
Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organoboron Compounds
Miyaura, N., & Suzuki, A. (1995) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr00039a007 · Cited by 12,817
The Heck Reaction as a Sharpening Stone of Palladium Catalysis
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Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Aryl Chlorides
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Widegren, J. A., & Finke, R. G. (2003) · Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical · doi:10.1016/s1381-1169(02)00728-8 · Cited by 1,245
A Versatile Catalyst for Heck Reactions of Aryl Chlorides and Aryl Bromides under Mild Conditions
Littke, A. F., & Fu, G. C. (2001) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja010988c · Cited by 684
Ligand-free Heck reactions using low Pd-loading
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Self-citationAdvances in the Heck chemistry of aryl bromides and chlorides
Whitcombe, N. J., Hii, K. K. (., & Gibson, S. E. (2001) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00665-2 · Cited by 588
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Metadata
- Authors
- de Vries, J. G.
- Venue
- Dalton Trans.
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2006
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 421-429
- ISSN
- 1477-9226 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9234
- OpenAlex
- W2099615748
- Cited by
- 624
- References
- 42
- FWCI
- 22.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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