The DOI matches its Crossref record; 129 of the 129 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Self-assembly: from crystals to cells
Abstract
Self-assembly (SA) is the process in which a system's components—be it molecules, polymers, colloids, or macroscopic particles—organize into ordered and/or functional structures without human intervention. The main challenge in SA research is the ability to “program” the properties of the individual pieces such that they organize into a desired structure. Although a general strategy for doing so is still elusive, heuristic rules can be formulated that guide design of SA under various conditions and thermodynamic constraints. This Review examines SA in both the equilibrium and non-equilibrium/dynamic systems and discusses different SA modalities: energy driven, entropy-driven, templated, and field-directed. Non-equilibrium SA is discussed as a route to reconfigurable (“adaptive”) materials, and its connection to biological systems is emphasized.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The chemical basis of morphogenesis
Turing, A. M. (1952) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1952.0012 · Cited by 11,733
A new family of mesoporous molecular sieves prepared with liquid crystal templates
Beck, J. S., Vartuli, J. C., Roth, W. J., Leonowicz, M. E., Kresge, C. T., Schmitt, K. D., Chu, C. T. W., Olson, D. H., Sheppard, E. W., McCullen, S. B., et al. (1992) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00053a020 · Cited by 10,967
Supramolecular Chemistry: Concepts and Perspectives
Lehn, J. (1995) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/3527607439 · Cited by 9,864
Self-Assembled Monolayers of Thiolates on Metals as a Form of Nanotechnology
Love, J. C., Estroff, L. A., Kriebel, J. K., Nuzzo, R. G., & Whitesides, G. M. (2005) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr0300789 · Cited by 8,282
Pattern formation outside of equilibrium
Cross, M. C., & Hohenberg, P. C. (1993) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.65.851 · Cited by 7,859
A DNA-based method for rationally assembling nanoparticles into macroscopic materials
Mirkin, C. A., Letsinger, R. L., Mucic, R. C., & Storhoff, J. J. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/382607a0 · Cited by 6,683
From Molecules to Crystal Engineering: Supramolecular Isomerism and Polymorphism in Network Solids
Moulton, B., & Zaworotko, M. J. (2001) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr9900432 · Cited by 6,395
Nonequilibrium Equality for Free Energy Differences
Jarzynski, C. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.78.2690 · Cited by 5,293
A revolution in optical manipulation
Grier, D. G. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01935 · Cited by 5,123
THE EFFECTS OF SHAPE ON THE INTERACTION OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES
Onsager, L. (1949) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1949.tb27296.x · Cited by 4,934
Cited by
Amabilino, D. B., Smith, D. K., & Steed, J. W. (2017) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00163k · Cited by 720
MOF positioning technology and device fabrication
Falcaro, P., Ricco, R., Doherty, C. M., Liang, K., Hill, A. J., & Styles, M. J. (2014) · Chem. Soc. Rev. · doi:10.1039/c4cs00089g · Cited by 710
Development of Structural Complexity by Liquid‐Crystal Self‐assembly
Tschierske, C. (2013) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201300872 · Cited by 631
Dissipative out-of-equilibrium assembly of man-made supramolecular materials
van Rossum, S. A. P., Tena-Solsona, M., van Esch, J. H., Eelkema, R., & Boekhoven, J. (2017) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00246g · Cited by 561
Magnetic nanoparticles: recent advances in synthesis, self-assembly and applications
Singamaneni, S., Bliznyuk, V. N., Binek, C., & Tsymbal, E. Y. (2011) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c1jm11845e · Cited by 537
Metadata
- Authors
- Grzybowski, B. A., Wilmer, C. E., Kim, J., Browne, K. P., & Bishop, K. J. M.
- Venue
- Soft Matter
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1110
- ISSN
- 1744-683X (ISSN-L)
- 1744-6848
- OpenAlex
- W2070908500
- Cited by
- 447
- References
- 129
- FWCI
- 14.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Self-assembly: from crystals to cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1039/b819321p
- The paper
- Grzybowski, B. A., Wilmer, C. E., Kim, J., Browne, K. P., & Bishop, K. J. M. (2009). Self-assembly: from crystals to cells. Soft Matter. https://doi.org/10.1039/b819321p
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.