Patterns of π-electron delocalization in aromatic and antiaromatic organic compounds in the light of Hückel's 4n + 2 rule
Abstract
The total pi-electron delocalization of a series of classical aromatic and antiaromatic organic compounds is separated into ortho (1,2), meta (1,3), para (1,4), and successive contributions (the so-called delocalization crossed terms) and the changes that take place in these crossed terms when two electrons are added or removed are analyzed. Our results show that these changes follow a similar alternation pattern in all cases. The patterns found represent a kind of electronic footprints that makes it possible to discern between aromatic and antiaromatic systems.
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Later theoretical studies supported Baird's rule for both carbocycles and heterocycles.
“Later theoretical studies supported the proposal, now known as Baird's rule, for both carbocycles and heterocycles.”
From Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: How to Define Them (2025) · cites this paper as [189]
Cites
Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts (NICS) as an Aromaticity Criterion
Chen, Z., Wannere, C. S., Corminboeuf, C., Puchta, R., & Schleyer, P. V. R. (2005) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr030088+ · Cited by 3,847 · see citing works
Baird, N. C. (1972) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00769a025 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Poater, J., Fradera, X., Duran, M., & Solà, M. (2003) · Chemistry – A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.200390041 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
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Rosenberg, M., Dahlstrand, C., Kilså, K., & Ottosson, H. (2014) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr300471v · Cited by 505 · see citing works
An electronic aromaticity index for large rings
Matito, E. (2016) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c6cp00636a · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Self-citationHow do the Hückel and Baird Rules Fade away in Annulenes?
Casademont-Reig, I., Ramos-Cordoba, E., Torrent-Sucarrat, M., & Matito, E. (2020) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules25030711 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationAromaticity and Antiaromaticity: How to Define Them
Baranac-Stojanović, M. (2025) · Chemistry · doi:10.3390/chemistry7040127 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Feixas, F., Matito, E., Solà, M., & Poater, J.
- Affiliations
- Universitat de Girona (ES)
- University of Szczecin (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Poater, Jordi
- Venue
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 26
- Pages
- 7126
- ISSN
- 1463-9076 (ISSN-L)
- 1463-9084
- OpenAlex
- W2098769089
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Geometry and Topology › Graph theory and applications
- Keywords
- π-electron delocalization, aromaticity, antiaromaticity
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