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Eosin Y-sensitized graphitic carbon nitride fabricated by heating urea for visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: the effect of the pyrolysis temperature of urea

Xu, Junying, Li, Yuexiang, Peng, Shaoqin, Lu, Gongxuan, Li, Shuben·2013·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Abstract

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was prepared by pyrolysis of urea at different temperatures (450-650 °C), and characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), elemental analysis (C/H/N), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The samples prepared at low temperatures (450 and 500 °C) are a mixture of g-C3N4 and impurities, whereas the samples prepared at high temperatures (550, 600 and 650 °C) should be g-C3N4 (polymeric carbon nitride). The polymerization degree of g-C3N4 for the prepared samples increases to a maximum at 600 °C with increasing pyrolysis temperature and then decreases, whereas the defect concentration changes conversely, that is, g-C3N4 prepared at 600 °C has the lowest defect concentration. Using Eosin Y (EY) and the prepared sample as the sensitizer and the matrix, respectively, the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution from aqueous triethanolamine solution was investigated. The g-C3N4 prepared at 600 °C exhibits the highest sensitization activity. Under optimum conditions (1.25 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) EY and 7.0 wt% Pt), the maximal apparent quantum yield of EY-sensitized g-C3N4 prepared at 600 °C for hydrogen evolution is 18.8%. The highest activity can be attributed to the pure composition, the higher dye adsorption amount and the lowest defect concentration.

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Metadata

Authors
Xu, J., Li, Y., Peng, S., Lu, G., & Li, S.
Venue
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Published
2013
Volume
15
Issue
20
Pages
7657
ISSN
  • 1463-9076 (ISSN-L)
  • 1463-9084
OpenAlex
W1989641395
Cited by
381
References
42
FWCI
9.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Eosin Y-sensitized graphitic carbon nitride fabricated by heating urea for visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: the effect of the pyrolysis temperature of urea. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1039/c3cp44687e
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Xu, J., Li, Y., Peng, S., Lu, G., & Li, S. (2013). Eosin Y-sensitized graphitic carbon nitride fabricated by heating urea for visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: the effect of the pyrolysis temperature of urea. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cp44687e

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