The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and alkyl levulinates catalyzed by sulfonic acid-functionalized carbon materials
Abstract
A series of sulfonic acid-functionalized carbon materials (C–SO3H), including poly(p-styrenesulfonic acid)-grafted carbon nanotubes (CNT-PSSA), poly(p-styrenesulfonic acid)-grafted carbon nanofibers (CNF-PSSA), benzenesulfonic acid-grafted CMK-5 (CMK-5-BSA), and benzenesulfonic acid-grafted carbon nanotubes (CNT-BSA), have been studied for fructose dehydration to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and fructose alcoholysis to alkyl levulinate. A study for optimizing the reaction conditions such as the catalyst loading, the reaction time, and the temperature has been performed. Under the optimal conditions, high HMF and ethyl levulinate yields of up to 89% and 86%, respectively, are obtained. The catalytic activities of C–SO3H for the conversions of fructose into both HMF and ethyl levulinate follow the order of their acid strength. The relationship between the catalytic activity and acid density of C–SO3H shows a linear correspondence in the fructose dehydration to HMF. The facile separation, ease of recovery, and high thermal stability make the developed C–SO3H efficient and environment-friendly catalytic materials for transforming biomass carbohydrate into fine chemicals.
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Citations
Cites
Chemical Routes for the Transformation of Biomass into Chemicals
Corma, A., Iborra, S., & Velty, A. (2007) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr050989d · Cited by 5,970
Metal Chlorides in Ionic Liquid Solvents Convert Sugars to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
Zhao, H., Holladay, J. E., Brown, H., & Zhang, Z. C. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1141199 · Cited by 1,997
Competitive liquid biofuels from biomass
Demirbas, A. (2011) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.07.016 · Cited by 796
Cited by
Synthesis and Applications of Alkyl Levulinates
Démolis, A., Essayem, N., & Rataboul, F. (2014) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/sc500082n · Cited by 455
SO 3 H-Containing Functional Carbon Materials: Synthesis, Structure, and Acid Catalysis
Konwar, L. J., Mäki-Arvela, P., & Mikkola, J.-P. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00199 · Cited by 305
Organocatalysis in biorefining for biomass conversion and upgrading
Liu, D. (. J. )., & Chen, E. Y.-X. (2014) · Green Chem. · doi:10.1039/c3gc41934g · Cited by 101
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, R., Chen, J., Huang, X., Chen, L., Ma, L., & Li, X.
- Venue
- Green Chemistry
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2895
- ISSN
- 1463-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1463-9270
- OpenAlex
- W1993635626
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 9.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Liu, R., Chen, J., Huang, X., Chen, L., Ma, L., & Li, X. (2013). Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and alkyl levulinates catalyzed by sulfonic acid-functionalized carbon materials. Green Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3gc41139g
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