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Bottom-up fabrication of two-dimensional carbon nitride and highly sensitive electrochemical sensors for mercuric ions
Abstract
We report microwave assisted bottom-up fabrication of flat two-dimensional carbon nitride from formamide (HCONH2). Microwave irradiation of HCONH2 produces carbon nitride dots (CNDs) which are used as precursors for synthesis of carbon nitride (C3N4). The two-dimensional (2D) carbon nitride sheets are formed by evaporation induced self-assembly and condensation of CNDs on a solid substrate. The drying of CND solution generates different morphologies such as 0D carbon nitride quantum dots, 2D carbon nitride sheets and 3D carbon nitride, depending on the concentration of CNDs. The carbon nitrides are well characterized by TEM, AFM, SEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, FT-Raman Spectroscopy and TGA, CHN analysis. In addition, the C3N4 modified glassy carbon electrode can be used as a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for mercuric ions in aqueous solution. The lower detection limit of Hg2+ is found to be 9.1 × 10−11 M, which is far below the WHO guideline for drinking water (10−8 M). The simultaneous electrochemical detection of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ using a C3N4 modified GC electrode is also described.
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“Peak positioned at 2θ value of 27.30 corresponds to (002) plane of g-CNx with interlayer d-spacing 3.27Å which was reported previously by our group52, 53.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sadhukhan, M., & Barman, S.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Barman, Sudip
- Venue
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2752
- ISSN
- 2050-7488 (ISSN-L)
- 2050-7496
- OpenAlex
- W2046216572
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 6.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
- Keywords
- two-dimensional carbon nitride, C3N4, formamide, microwave-assisted synthesis, bottom-up fabrication, carbon nitride quantum dots, evaporation-induced self-assembly, modified glassy carbon electrode, electrochemical sensor, mercury ion detection, heavy metal detection, lead ion detection, Cu2+ detection, drinking water
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