Indoor air concentrations of PM 2.5 quartz fiber filter-collected ionic PFAS and emissions to outdoor air: findings from the IPA campaign
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; DF = 67%) were highest indoors. Residential indoor air concentrations (sum of measured PFAS) were, on average, 3.4 times higher than residential outdoor air concentrations, and an order of magnitude higher than regional background concentrations. Indoor-to-outdoor emission rate estimates suggest that emissions from single unit homes could be a meaningful contributor to PFBA, PFOA, and PFOS emissions in populated areas far from major point sources. Backup QFFs were observed to adsorb some targeted PFAS from the gas-phase, making reported values upper-bounds for particle-phase and lower-bounds for total air (gas plus particle) concentrations. We found that higher concentrations of carbonaceous aerosol were associated with a shift in partitioning of short chain PFCAs and long chain PFSAs toward the particle phase.
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PFAS exposure is linked to stroke and cerebrovascular problems, with moderate risk in adults.
“| Cerebrovascular | Links to stroke and cerebrovascular problems. | Moderate | Adults | Long-term stroke risk | [230] |”
From Industrial Applications, Environmental Fate, Human Exposure, and Health Effects of PFAS (2025) · cites this paper as [230]
The Introduction (page not available) mentions hepatotoxicity, kidney and testicular cancer, and reduced immune response in children, but not stroke or cerebrovascular problems. Searches for stroke, cerebrovascular risk, and cardiovascular health effects found no passage addressing a moderate long-term stroke risk in adults. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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References 116 · Cited by 24
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [80]Clegg SL, Brimblecombe P, Wexler AS. Thermodynamic Model of the System H+ −NH4 + −Na+ −SO4 2− −NO3 − −Cl− −H2 O at 298.15 K. J Phys Chem A. 1998 Mar 1; 102(12): 2155– 71.
- Authors
- Chang, N. Y., Eichler, C. M. A., Amparo, D. E., Zhou, J., Baumann, K., Cohen Hubal, E. A., Surratt, J. D., Morrison, G. C., & Turpin, B. J.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Corresponding author
- Turpin, Barbara J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2025
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1603-1618
- ISSN
- 2050-7887 (ISSN-L)
- 2050-7895
- PMC
- PMC11965442
- OpenAlex
- W4402971170
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 3.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Environmental Science Processes & Impacts (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES010126)
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (T42-OH008673)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (G-2017-9794, G-2020-13937)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Keywords
- PFAS, perfluorinated compounds, indoor air, ambient air, quartz filters, perfluorobutanoic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOS, carbonaceous aerosols, gas-particle partitioning, residential emissions
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Environmental Monitoring, Fluorocarbons, North Carolina, Quartz, Air Pollution, Indoor, Particulate Matter
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