The synergistic effect of adsorption and Fenton oxidation for organic pollutants in water remediation: an overview

In the paper

“Easy to operate: the Fenton reaction is simple to operate and does not require complex equipment or conditions.”

What the sources say

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  cites [10]

In the paper

“High degradation efficiency: the Fenton reaction can effectively degrade organic pollutants, including refractory compounds.”

What the sources say

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  cites [10]

In the paper

“This review delves into the mechanisms and advantages of this integrated approach, highlighting its potential for enhanced removal of organic contaminants.”

In the paper

“recent studies have shown that the synergistic effect of adsorption and Fenton reaction can greatly improve the efficiency of pollutant interpretation.”

In the paper

“These substances have the capacity to simultaneously remove contaminants through Fenton oxidation (degradation-based removal) and adsorption (separation-based removal).”

What the sources say

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  cites [7]
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  cites [8]
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  cites [11]

In the paper

“When adsorption and Fenton oxidation combine, adsorption pre-concentrates pollutants, boosting Fenton oxidation effectiveness.”

In the paper

“Sajab et al. created a highly effective porous cellulose nano-fibrils (CNF) aerogels amalgamated with graphene oxide-iron (iii) nano-composites (CNF-GO-Fe aerogel) for removing methylene blue from water.47”

What the sources say

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  cites [47]

In the paper

“This setup combines porous carbon electrodes, granular activated carbon, and Fe(ii) ions for enhanced H2O2, hydroxyl radical generation, and organic pollutant removal”

What the sources say

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  cites [40]

In the paper

“Thus, the process depends largely on the concentration of iron and the wavelength of the light.”

What the sources say

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  cites [15]
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  cites [16]

In the paper

“since the 3D-GN matrix's exemplary electronic conductivity precipitated the formation of multiple micro-electrolytic cells encircling the nZVI particles.”

What the sources say

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  cites [45]

In the paper

“This combination of reduced graphene oxide and iron nanoparticles achieves a remarkable 99.8% MTX removal rate at neutral pH.”

What the sources say

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  cites [49]

In the paper

“Song et al. developed an innovative flow-through heterogeneous electro-Fenton (FHEF) reactor to improve mass transfer for the efficient and stable degradation of trimethoprim (TMP).”

What the sources say

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  cites [41]

In the paper

“Lyu et al. designed an integrated system that combined adsorption with Fenton oxidation in a fluidized bed reactor for dye removal.”

What the sources say

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  cites [38]

In the paper

“This material effectively removes sulfadiazine (SDZ) from water through a combination of adsorption and degradation, since the 3D-GN matrix's exemplary electronic conductivity precipitated the formation of multiple micro-electrolytic cells encircling the nZVI particles.”

What the sources say

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  cites [45]

In the paper

“particles laden with metals display an affinity towards graphene and carbon nanotubes, driven by inherent electrostatic forces.”

What the sources say

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  cites [45]

In the paper

“The observed changes in the valence states of Co and Fe in the composite suggest that both Co3+/Co2+ and Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycles contribute to the Fenton-like reactions.”

What the sources say

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  cites [43]

In the paper

“Their findings revealed that employing a dose of 3.75 g L−1 of AC at a temperature of 70 °C for 120 minutes significantly enhanced the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal rate to 93.1% during the activated carbon stage”

What the sources say

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  cites [36]

In the paper

“Compared with the electric Fenton technology, the photoelectric Fenton technology can improve the mineralization efficiency of organic pollutants”

In the paper

“The foundational premise of this combined methodology lies in the adsorptive capture of pollutants onto specific substrates, facilitated by a spectrum of mechanisms such as ion exchange, electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic attractions, π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces interactions.”

What the sources say

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  cites [25]

In the paper

“These MNPs@C composites, characterized by a mesoporous structure and a zero-point charge (pHzpc) of approximately 6.2, demonstrated a catalytic efficiency of 47% during the UV-Fenton process.”

What the sources say

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  cites [42]

In the paper

“The remaining Fe3+ was adsorbed on the activated carbon as organic iron complexes, minimizing iron hydroxide sludge production in the reactor.”

What the sources say

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  cites [38]

In the paper

“The Fe3O4/RGO-2 composite exhibited an impressive adsorption capacity, with its adsorption isotherms and kinetics analysis for Methylene Blue (MB) revealing a maximum adsorption capacity of 163.83 mg g−1.”

What the sources say

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  cites [48]

In the paper

“Another interesting work explored a method for removing αE2 from water using FeNPs/rGO.50”

What the sources say

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  cites [50]

In the paper

“Furthermore, this approach adeptly navigates the limitations inherent to the conventional homogeneous Fenton process, particularly those related to aquatic environmental parameters such as pH.”

What the sources say

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  cites [28]

In the paper

“Activated carbon (AC) is widely used for pollutant adsorption due to its economic efficiency, large specific surface area per unit volume, significant surface reactivity, and strong affinity for various types of dissolved organic compounds.”

What the sources say

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  cites [35]

In the paper

“Secondly, Fe3+ generated by oxidation will undergo a series of reactions with H2O2 and can be reduced to Fe2+”

What the sources say

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  cites [13]

In the paper

“The homogeneous system can only produce a good reaction in pH = 2.5–3.5.”

In the paper

“It can also serve as a substrate for simultaneous adsorption and Fenton oxidation processes.”

What the sources say

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  cites [29]

In the paper

“the primary substrates utilized as supports include carbon-based materials,29 MOFs,30 and minerals/clay.31”

What the sources say

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  cites [29]
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  cites [30]
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  cites [31]

In the paper

“This dual mechanism-adsorption and Fenton-like oxidation-significantly improves αE2 removal efficiency.”

What the sources say

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  cites [50]

In the paper

“Also, the limitations of both processes can be addressed by the integration.”

In the paper

“with a key mechanism involving the adsorption of phenol molecules at the Fe3O4-GO interface through coordination and hydrogen bonds, pivotal for facilitating non-radical degradation pathways.”

What the sources say

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  cites [32]

In the paper

“When pH > 4, a large amount of Fe(OH), commonly known as iron mud, will be produced.”

What the sources say

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  cites [22]

In the paper

“This novel composite emerged as a potent catalyst in phenol degradation, with a key mechanism involving the adsorption of phenol molecules at the Fe3O4-GO interface through coordination and hydrogen bonds, pivotal for facilitating non-radical degradation pathways.”

What the sources say

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  cites [32]

In the paper

“The composite's enhanced performance under alkaline conditions, leading to complete MB degradation within 60 minutes, is particularly noteworthy.”

What the sources say

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  cites [48]

In the paper

“Substrates that undergo functionalization to increase their adsorptive sites can foster accelerated electron transfer during the Fenton reaction, culminating in an enhanced process efficiency.”

What the sources say

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  cites [26]

In the paper

“In the Fenton reaction, the presence of H2O2 significantly enhanced the GO@Fe3O4 composite's catalytic efficiency, underscoring its potential in diverse environmental remediation applications.”

What the sources say

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  cites [32]

In the paper

“The integration of adsorption with the Fenton oxidation paradigm is chiefly evident in the heterogeneous Fenton process.”

What the sources say

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  cites [24]

In the paper

“Firstly, Fe2+ and H2O2 react to produce ·OH, which degrades organic pollutants”

What the sources say

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  cites [13]

In the paper

“The process relies solely on environmentally friendly O2 and H2O, eliminating the need for additional H2O2.”

What the sources say

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  cites [53]

In the paper

“Biochar has emerged as a sustainable and promising alternative for the synthesis of functional materials, particularly in the development of heterogeneous catalysts for Fenton reactions.”

In the paper

“Oxygen groups on the OCNT surface aid in Fe(ii) regeneration, improving efficiency.”

What the sources say

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  cites [53]

In the paper

“Its high activity stems from abundant functional groups and nitrogen species, promoting efficient hydroxyl radical generation.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [70]

In the paper

“This material effectively removes tetracycline (TC) through adsorption onto its high surface area and subsequent degradation via electron transfer between metal ions in the biochar, mimicking a Fenton-like process.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [34]

In the paper

“Interaction mechanisms such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π–π stacking significantly boost the adsorption efficiency for organic pollutants.”

In the paper

“Carbon materials exhibit high adsorption capacity, effectively removing pollutants from water, and can anchor Fenton catalytic ions, such as iron, thereby enhancing Fenton reaction efficiency.”

In the paper

“Subsequently, the degradation of CIP is achieved via electron transfer and redox cycles among the metal ions.”

What the sources say

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  cites [66]

In the paper

“Several factors, encompassing the selection of biomass precursors, the pyrolytic temperature, and the reaction duration, critically influence the elemental constitution and surface characteristics—like specific surface area and functional groups—of the resultant biochar.62”

What the sources say

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  cites [62]

In the paper

“Further research explored co-doping g-C3N4 with metals like Na and Fe can improve catalytic activity56,57”

What the sources say

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  cites [56]
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  cites [57]

In the paper

“For example, bamboo waste as a source of biochar with composed of zero-valent iron nanoparticle hybrids (NZVIeBC) could efficiently removes clothianidin (CLO) by first adsorbing it and then degrading it through an electro-Fenton reaction with zero-valent iron nanoparticles.69”

What the sources say

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  cites [69]

In the paper

“Crucially, the presence of H2O2 in the aqueous solution activates MBC, resulting in a significant enhancement of its adsorption capacity for CIP in the MBC/H2O2 system during the Fenton reaction.”

What the sources say

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  cites [66]

In the paper

“The synergy between adsorption and Fenton oxidation in the Fe-based MOF (NH2-MIL-88B) framework leads to the successful removal of organic pollutants, either through adsorption or through Fenton-based oxidative degradation.”

What the sources say

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  cites [74]

In the paper

“This principle holds across different applications of biochar, whether in traditional Fenton, electro-Fenton, or photo-Fenton reactions.”

In the paper

“This process of OFX removal using the Fe/Ni@ZIF-8 composite exemplifies a typical outcome of the synergistic effect combining ZIF-8 adsorption and Fe/Ni Fenton-like oxidation.”

What the sources say

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  cites [76]

In the paper

“These nanomaterials manifest exceptional adaptability and efficiency when integrated into specialized Fenton methodologies, namely electro-Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions.”

In the paper

“This catalyst efficiently generates H2O2, crucial for the degradation process.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

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  cites [52]

In the paper

“These oxides enhance electron transfer between Fe and nearby H2O2, leading to O2 evolution.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [33]

In the paper

“This advancement in the Fe3O4/3D-PU-G composite technology marks a pivotal step in environmental remediation, enabling rapid degradation of tetracycline without the need for external energy inputs.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

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  cites [51]

In the paper

“This composite effectively removes BPA through a combination of adsorption and Fenton-like reactions triggered by the iron oxide.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [67]

In the paper

“This approach leverages the strengths of each material for efficient acyclovir (ACV) degradation.”

What the sources say

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  cites [54]

In the paper

“g-C3N4's unique structure makes it effective in electro-Fenton and photo-Fenton processes as well.”

In the paper

“Similarly, iron-doped oxidized carbon nanotubes (OCNT-Fe) as a catalyst for electro-Fenton applications also developed.53”

What the sources say

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  cites [53]

In the paper

“Owing to its intricate porous architecture and a plethora of surface functional groups, biochar emerges as an exemplary material for efficient sequestration and adsorption.63”

What the sources say

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  cites [63]

In the paper

“Their iron-containing red mud biochar (RMBC) effectively adsorbs Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [73]

In the paper

“Also, the combination of iron oxide nanoparticles with reduced graphene oxide and montmorillonite (MMT/rGO/Fe3O4) could for the catalyst for 3D electro-Fenton systems.54”

What the sources say

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  cites [54]

In the paper

“The integration of biochar with various Fenton reactions, employing a synergistic approach of initial adsorption followed by Fenton processing, is pivotal in enhancing the overall reaction efficiency.”

In the paper

“In electro-Fenton systems, MOFs enhance the electrochemical generation of Fenton reagents, boosting hydroxyl radical production for efficient pollutant degradation.”

In the paper

“This cathode effectively degrades sulfadiazine (SMR) by combining adsorption and Fenton-like reactions.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [68]

In the paper

“This synergistic effect, combining adsorption and photo-Fenton mechanisms, enables efficient EE2 degradation.”

What the sources say

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  cites [71]

In the paper

“Such versatility facilitates the precise modulation of MOF pore dimensions, extending from microporous to mesoporous frameworks, through the strategic selection of diverse metallic elements.83”

What the sources say

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  cites [83]

In the paper

“Upon light irradiation, Fe in RMBC undergoes redox cycling, generating hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) that degrade AO7 via photo-Fenton reactions.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [73]

In the paper

“This study exemplifies a prototypical synergistic interaction between adsorption and Fenton reactions.”

What the sources say

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  cites [75]

In the paper

“Simple modifications can enhance both adsorption capacity and Fenton catalytic efficiency in MOFs, creating a synergistic effect.”

In the paper

“Miao S. et al. synthesized magnetic MOF-derived nitrogen-doped cobalt–iron bimetallic carbon composite nanomaterials (Co0.8Fe0.2N-NC).”

What the sources say

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  cites [44]

In the paper

“Wu Q. et al. engineered an iron–nickel bimetallic organic framework (FeNiX-BDC) targeting the adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO).”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [30]

In the paper

“Zhu and colleagues have harnessed these properties to synthesize a novel iron-doped, nanorod-shaped zeolite catalyst, Fe-ZSM-5 microsphere, with a hierarchical pore structure.”

What the sources say

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  cites [90]

In the paper

“In each of these scenarios, the inherent properties of mineral/clay materials, such as their wide specific surface area, porosity, and chemical stability, contribute significantly to the overall efficiency of the combined processes.”

In the paper

“Medical wastewater is predominantly characterized by trace concentrations of soluble drugs91 and antibiotics.25”

What the sources say

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  cites [91]
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  cites [25]

In the paper

“Utilizing graphene templates, carbonization, and in situ growth, this material effectively degraded dyes like methylene blue and antibiotics like erythromycin.”

What the sources say

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  cites [79]

In the paper

“Moreover, the structural diversity and modifiability of MOFs offer opportunities for designing materials that can effectively harness solar energy, thereby contributing to the development of more sustainable and energy-efficient photo-Fenton systems.”

In the paper

“In the realm of environmental remediation, similar to other materials previously discussed, mineral/clay matrix materials have been explored for their potential in synergistic applications combining adsorption with various Fenton processes. This exploration encompasses integrating these materials in traditional Fenton reactions, electro-Fenton systems, and photo-Fenton processes.”

In the paper

“Zhou and colleagues have innovatively developed biochar-based adsorptive catalysts derived from waste leather (WLBC) by chemically modifying waste leather. This modification is designed for the dual purpose of adsorption and Fenton co-processing of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), an antibiotic frequently present in large-scale medical waste liquids.25”

What the sources say

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  cites [25]

In the paper

“For instance, by utilizing ozone as a base material and impregnating it with Fe3O4 nanoparticles can effectively degrade PFAS.88”

What the sources say

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  cites [88]

In the paper

“Additionally, the surface functional groups of WLBC are adept at chelating chromium ions, thereby facilitating their incorporation into the WLBC.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [25]

In the paper

“This system, combining adsorption and photo-electro-Fenton processes, represents a significant leap in pollutant degradation technologies' efficiency and effectiveness.79”

What the sources say

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  cites [79]

In the paper

“Biochar's relatively low production and application costs render it a better way for real water treatment than other advanced materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, and Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs).25,91–94”

What the sources say

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  cites [25]
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  cites [91]
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  cites [92]
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  cites [93]
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  cites [94]

In the paper

“The Fe-ZSM-5 microsphere also referred to as FZ-CA-5EG, exhibits an adsorption capacity comparable to that of carbon black.”

What the sources say

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  cites [90]

In the paper

“Guo J. et al. encapsulated an iron precursor in a ZIF-8 cage, forming a single-atom Fe-N/C structure after calcination.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [78]

In the paper

“In an environment containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), these chromium ions catalyze the Cr(vi)/Cr(iii) redox cycle, resulting in the prolific generation of hydroxyl radicals (˙OH).”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [25]

In the paper

“Li B. et al. innovatively prepared an electrospun cathode (MOFs (2Fe/Co)/CNF) with photocatalytic and electrocatalytic functionalities.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [79]

In the paper

“The array of research discussed above clearly illustrates the extensive utilization of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in systems that harness both adsorption and Fenton synergistic processes.”

In the paper

“It is note that the clay-based supports are also efficient in heterogeneous Fenton catalyst function for PFAS decomposition.”

In the paper

“These properties render them comparable to carbonaceous matrices and MOFs in terms of effectiveness as adsorbents.”

In the paper

“This is particularly beneficial in electro-Fenton systems, where MOFs' rapid electron transfer processes synergize with electrochemical aspects, enhancing overall efficiency.”

In the paper

“Considering these challenges, the synergistic employment of adsorption and Fenton oxidation has emerged as a highly effective strategy for treating such contaminated water systems.”

In the paper

“This catalyst has been effectively applied in the adsorption and degradation of chlorobenzene (CB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).90”

What the sources say

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  cites [90]

In the paper

“Indeed, these applications span several domains, including medical wastewater treatment,91 industrial wastewater treatment,32 and urban wastewater treatment.92”

What the sources say

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  cites [91]
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  cites [32]
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  cites [92]

In the paper

“These contaminants, due to their minuscule concentrations, often elude the efficacy of traditional water treatment methods like precipitation and neutralization, which are typically insufficient in such scenarios.25”

What the sources say

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  cites [25]

In the paper

“The remarkable adsorption capacity of the mesoporous Fe3O4/CeO2 is largely attributed to its abundant oxygen vacancies, extensive specific surface area, and well-organized mesoporous channels on the CeO2 surface.”

What the sources say

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  cites [87]

In the paper

“In the presence of H2O2, the Fe3+/Fe2+ ions in the material catalyze the formation of hydroxyl radicals, which are the primary active oxygen species responsible for the oxidative degradation of CB.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

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  cites [90]

In the paper

“In practical scenarios, especially for large-scale treatment of diverse organic pollutants in medical waste liquids, the selection of Fenton catalytic materials predominantly focuses on carbonaceous and mineral materials.93”

What the sources say

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  cites [93]

In the paper

“Huang S. et al. developed Mn/Co MOF derivatives (MnxCo3−x@C-GF) for ciprofloxacin (CIP) treatment.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

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  cites [77]

In the paper

“It is reported that an iron–clay(montmorillonite)-cyclodextrin(β-CD)-DFB (decafluorobiphenyl) with the iron-clay segment containing a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst function, could adsorbed and oxidized more than 65% of long-chain PFAS within 10 min.86”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [86]

In the paper

“The synergistic prowess of combining adsorption with Fenton oxidation, showcasing its efficacy in mitigating water pollution.”

In the paper

“Beyond metal oxides and silica, a variety of natural stones, including clay minerals like bentonite, play a significant role in facilitating the synergistic effects of adsorption and Fenton reactions in environmental remediation.”

In the paper

“Consequently, mineral/clay matrix materials emerge as exceptionally viable materials for the treatment of organic pollutants, particularly in contexts where large-scale production and cost-effectiveness are paramount (Fig. 10).”

In the paper

“Furthermore, these functional groups can chelate with Fenton metals, thereby improving the efficiency of Fenton-based reactions.”

In the paper

“This process exemplifies the effective synergy.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“The integration of adsorption and photo-Fenton processes resulted in remarkably high degradation rates for the target pharmaceuticals.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“Predominantly, activated carbon, biochar, and minerals/clay are employed extensively in actual urban sewage treatment due to their efficacy and safety.92,104–108”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [92]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [104]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [105]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [106]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [107]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [108]

In the paper

“The primary step in this process is the adsorption of FLUT onto the ASAC surface, facilitated primarily by π–π interactions.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“The mechanisms of adsorption and Fenton reactions in this instance were analogous to those previously described.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“(iii) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4): this material is notable for its stability and photocatalytic properties, making it suitable for photo-Fenton applications;”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [95]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [96]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [97]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [98]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [99]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [100]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [101]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [102]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [103]

In the paper

“In the presence of the Fenton reagent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the iron laden ASAC catalyzes the generation of hydroxyl radicals (˙HO) through the Fe2+/Fe3+ redox cycle, enhanced by sunlight.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“Meanwhile the biochar also utilized for organic pollutant degradation.107”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [107]

In the paper

“Additionally, the surface activated ASAC, characterized by its abundance of functional groups, allows for the even distribution of iron ions on its surface.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“Following this, in 2021, the same team progressed to degrading a mixture of nine drugs, including fluconazole, using the identical material (ASAC) in combination with Solar Fenton (SPF).91”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“Each of these minerals naturally contains Fe ions, which serve as Fenton catalysts.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [108]

In the paper

“Similarly employing biochar materials, the research team led by Della-Flora A. has demonstrated the effective use of avocado seed activated carbon (ASAC) in medical wastewater treatment.91”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“These hydroxyl radicals are instrumental in the rapid Fenton degradation of FLUT absorbed on the ASAC surface.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“This method involved the use of ASAC as an adsorbent in conjunction with SPF to effectively treat FLUT.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“These radicals play a crucial role in the Fenton degradation of SMX that is absorbed on the WLBC.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [25]

In the paper

“Specifically, fluconazole experienced a degradation rate of up to 80%”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“Additionally, the ore materials themselves exhibit notable adsorption properties.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [108]

In the paper

“In the treatment of industrial wastewater, the materials employed to exploit the synergy between adsorption and Fenton processes are diverse.95–103”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [95]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [96]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [97]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [98]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [99]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [100]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [101]
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  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [102]
• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [103]

In the paper

“while the remaining eight drugs in the mixture were degraded by up to 99%”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“This study proposes a feasible strategy for the large-scale treatment of antibiotic-laden medical waste.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [25]

In the paper

“For instance, impregnating granular activated carbon (GAC) with Fe ions has been proved to be an efficient method for the degradation of the antibiotics for urban wastewater.92”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [92]

In the paper

“Particularly, the innovative work by Zeng et al., explored the direct application of iron-containing minerals, specifically pyrite (FeS2), goethite (α-FeOOH), and magnetite (Fe3O4), in the restoration of groundwater.108”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [108]

In the paper

“In 2020, the team led by Della-Flora A. implemented a novel approach combining adsorption with solar-driven Fenton reactions (SPF) using avocado seed activated carbon (ASAC) to address the presence of the anticancer drug flutamide (FLUT) in medical waste.”

What the sources say

• ?Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  cites [91]

In the paper

“This dual function accelerates the degradation of organic compounds.”

In the paper

“This combined action has been used to remove a variety of organic pollutants from water, including aromatics, phenols, and pesticides.”