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Autoinduction of activin genes in early Xenopus embryos
Abstract
Activin exhibits a potent mesoderm inducing activity towards the ectodermal tissue (animal cap) of Xenopus laevis blastulae. Thus in order to investigate the role of activin in morphogenesis of early Xenopus embryos, activation of genes for activin beta A and beta B was examined by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In vivo, activin beta B mRNA appears to be present in embryonic stage 1 whereas beta A mRNA is undetectable prior to gastrulation. beta B and beta A mRNAs were noted to accumulate after stages 9 and 15 respectively. Activin gene expression in Xenopus animal caps was examined after treatment with various concentrations of activin A. Under these treatment conditions, both activin beta A and beta B mRNAs accumulated in a dose-dependent fashion after 24 h. The same effect was noted for treatment with similar concentrations of activin B. Accumulation of mRNAs was inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide to the culture medium, consistent with the proposition that activin gene expression requires certain protein factors. In total, therefore, these data suggest that an autoinduction mechanism is involved in the regulation of activin mRNA levels in normal Xenopus embryos and that this mechanism may play a pivotal role during early embryonic development.
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Dilution will diminish expression of age-elevated autoinducers and feedback will decrease their levels for a prolonged time.
“where dilution will diminish their expression and feedback will decrease the levels for a prolonged time [48–56].”
From Rejuvenation of three germ layers tissues by exchanging old blood plasma with saline-albumin (2020) · cites this paper as [50]
The ‘Autoinduction of activin genes in isolated animal caps’ section reports dose-dependent induction of activin mRNA by added activin, supporting a concentration-dependent autoinduction mechanism. It does not test dilution of age-elevated autoinducers or show that feedback keeps their levels low for a prolonged time. In its time-course experiment, a brief activin exposure was sufficient to produce mRNA accumulation measured 36 hours after the activin was washed away. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Murata, M., Eto, Y., Shibai, H., Sakai, M. and Muramatsu, M. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 2434-2438
- Ueno, N., Asashima, M., Nishimatsu, S., Suzuki, A. and Murakami, K. (1991) in Frontiers in Muscle Research (Ozawa, E., Masaki, T. and Nabashima, Y., eds.), pp. 17-28, Elsevier, Amsterdam 22
- Nieuwkoop, P. D. and Faber, J. (1967) in Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin, P. D. N. and Faber, J., ed.), North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam 27
- Asashima, M., Nakano, H., Uchiyama, H., Sugino, H., Nakamura, T., Eto, Y., Ejima, D., Nishimatsu, S., Ueno, N. and Kinoshita, K. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 6511-6514 42
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Rejuvenation of three germ layers tissues by exchanging old blood plasma with saline-albumin
Mehdipour, M., Skinner, C., Wong, N., Lieb, M., Liu, C., Etienne, J., Kato, C., Kiprov, D., Conboy, M. J., & Conboy, I. M. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.103418 · Cited by 115
Metadata
- Authors
- Suzuki, A., Nagai, T., Nishimatsu, S. I., Sugino, H., Eto, Y., Shibai, H., Murakami, K., & Ueno, N.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
- Institute for Enzyme Research, University of Tokushima, Kurarmoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima 770, Japan
- Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210, Japan
- Venue
- Biochemical Journal
- Publisher
- Portland Press Ltd.
- Published
- 1994-03-01
- Volume
- 298
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 275-280
- ISSN
- 0264-6021
- 1470-8728
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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