Effects of acute exercise and training on insulin action and sensitivity: focus on molecular mechanisms in muscle.
Abstract
A single bout of exercise increases insulin sensitivity for several hours and the effect is mainly restricted to the muscles recruited during exercise. When exercise is repeated over time, adaptations to physical training occur that include more long-lasting increases in insulin sensitivity. The present review explores the molecular mechanisms involved in both the acute and chronic effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle.
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Improved insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle in response to exercise training can be in part explained by upregulation of proteins involved in glucose metabolism and the insulin signaling pathway, including GLUT4, hexokinase II, AKT2, glycogen synthase, AMPK, and mitochondrial proteins.
“The improved insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle in response to exercise training can be in part explained by the upregulation of proteins involved in glucose metabolism and the insulin signaling pathway, including the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), hexokinase II, AKT2, glycogen synthase, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as well as mitochondrial proteins”
From Effect of Exercise Training on Fat Loss—Energetic Perspectives and the Role of Improved Adipose Tissue Function and Body Fat Distribution (2021) · cites this paper as Wojtaszewski and Richter, 2006
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References 46 · Cited by 109
- Authors
- Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., & Richter, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- Essays in Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Portland Press Ltd.
- Published
- 2006-11-27
- Volume
- 42
- Pages
- 31-46
- ISSN
- 0071-1365 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-1358
- OpenAlex
- W2093190999
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Essays in Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- acute exercise, exercise training, insulin sensitivity, insulin action, skeletal muscle, molecular mechanisms, exercise adaptation, muscle glucose uptake
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Physical Exertion, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Models, Biological, Muscle Contraction, Physical Education and Training, Signal Transduction, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal
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