The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Safety of pyrethroid‐treated mosquito nets
Abstract
Summary: The use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) for personal protection against malaria vector Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) has become popular during the past decade. With the precautions outlined in this paper, field use of pyrethroids – at concentrations recommended for treatment of mosquito nets – poses little or no hazard to people treating the nets or to users of the treated nets. With frequent exposure to low concentrations of pyrethroids, the risk of toxicity of any kind is remote. Pyrethroids entering the systemic circulation are rapidly metabolized to much less toxic metabolites. Toxicologically, pyrethroids have a useful characteristic – the production of skin paraesthesia – which gives an early indication of exposure. This reversible symptom of exposure is due to transient stimulation of peripheral sensory nerves and not a toxic effect. In the retail market, for home use, the provision of proper packaging and labelling, with clear instructions on safe and effective use of the product are most important. Because many domestic users of pyrethroid ‘home treatment kits’ for ITNs may not be fully literate, it is essential that ‘instructions for use’ should be portrayed via pictograms with supporting text in appropriate local language(s).
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“several of these new molecules or formulations are now in the pipe line [73, 78, 121–127].”
From Evolution of insecticide resistance and its mechanisms in Anopheles stephensi in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (2020) · cites this paper as [122]
Citations
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Zaim, M., Aitio, A., & Nakashima, N.
- Affiliations
- World Health Organization (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Zaim, M.
- ORCID
- Zaim, M.
- Venue
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-5
- ISSN
- 0269-283X (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2915
- OpenAlex
- W2038870495
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Keywords
- pyrethroid insecticides, insecticide-treated nets, malaria vector control, Anopheles, occupational exposure, pyrethroid metabolites, product labeling, pictograms, user safety
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anopheles, Bedding and Linens, Consumer Product Safety, Health Planning Guidelines, Humans, Insecticides, Malaria, Mosquito Control, Pyrethrins
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