Diagnosis of bladder carcinoma using protoporphyrin IX fluorescence induced by 5‐aminolaevulinic acid

Objective To report the results of a clinical study investigating the diagnosis of malignant and dysplastic bladder lesions by protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) fluorescence and to compare them with those from earlier studies. Patients and methods The study included 55 patients with suspected bladder carc…