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Microenvironment and Floristics of Different Edges in a Fragmented Tropical Rainforest
Open accessAbstract
Understanding edge effects in different remnants of natural vegetation is crucial for the management of many fragmented landscapes. We compared edges of different wooded habitats in a fragmented tropical rainforest in Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. Selected habitats in a pasture matrix included four forest fragments (>50 ha), four linear forest remnants along streams (riparian forest), and eight isolated remnant forest trees ( four fenced and four without fences). Edge habitats were defined in terms of microclimate, vegetation structure, and floristic composition. In forest‐pasture sites, significant edge effects were detected for some variables, but depth of influence varied. Compared to the other habitats, riparian sites and isolated trees without fences exhibited distinct edge conditions. Isolated trees fenced for 54 months, however, exhibited some microenvironmental conditions similar to those of forest interior. In total, 244 woody plant species were recorded in the sampled area (<1 ha), and these represented 56% of woody species reported for Los Tuxtlas reserve. Only two species, Acalypha diversifolia and Siparuna andina , occurred in the interior, edge, and pasture of all studied landscape units. Twelve species occurred in all edges and pastures (e.g., Acacia mayana , Tabernaemontana arborea , Cupania glabra , Stemmadenia donnell‐smithii ). Twenty‐six species were found exclusively at edges, whereas 44 species were recorded only in interiors. Fenced, isolated trees can provide a suitable habitat for the establishment of several primary–forest trees (e.g., Nectandra spp.). Many primary‐forest species were found in the fragmented habitats we studied, suggesting that these species are not lost in fragmented landscapes and that plant diversity loss is probably proceeding slowly. Collectively, riparian strips and isolated trees in a pasture matrix could effectively function as a focus for rainforest regeneration. Riparian strips and trees, therefore, need to be incorporated into landscape designs for maintaining and enhancing ecological diversity. Microambiente y Florística de Diferentes Bordes en un Bosque Tropical Lluvioso Fragmentado Es crucial para el manejo de muchos paisajes fragmentados comprender el efecto de borde en diferentes remanentes de vegetación natural. En una selva tropical húmeda fragmentada en Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México, investigamos bordes de diferentes hábitats arbóreos del paisaje. Seleccionamos hábitats en una matriz de potrero que incluian cuatro fragmentos de selva (>50 ha), cuatro remanentes de selva a lo largo de arroyos (riparios) y ocho árboles remanentes (cuatro cercados y cuatro sin cerca). Los bordes se definieron en términos de microclima, estructura de la vegetación y composición florística. En los sitios de selva‐potrero, se detectaron efectos de borde para algunas variables pero las distancias que alcanzaron fueron distintas. Al comparar hábitats encontramos que los riparios y los árboles aislados sin cerca presentaron condiciones de borde. Sin embargo, los árboles aislados cercados durante 54 meses mostraron algunas condiciones microambientales similares a las del interior de selva. En total se encontraron 244 especies leñosas en el área muestreada (<1 ha), que representan 56% de las especies leñosas listadas para la reserva de Los Tuxtlas. Sólo dos especies, Acalypha diversifolia y Siparuna andina , se registraron en interior, borde y potrero de todos los elementos estudiados. Doce especies crecieron en todos los bordes y potreros (ej., Acacia mayana , Tabernaemontana arborea , Cupania glabra , Stemmadenia donnell‐smithii ). Veintiseis especies se encontraron exclusivamente en bordes mientras que 44 especies se registraron solamente en interiores. Los árboles aislados cercados indujeron un hábitat apropiado para el establecimiento de varios árboles primarios (ej., Nectandra spp.). Varias especies de selva primaria se registraron en los hábitats estudiados, sugiriendo que los árboles primarios permanecen en paisajes fragmentados y que la pérdida de la diversidad vegetal ocurre, probablemente, despacio. Los riparios junto con los árboles aislados pueden funcionar como un foco de regeneración de la selva por lo que deben incorporarse a diseños de paisaje para mantener y mejorar la diversidad ecológica.
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Cites
Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: A review
SAUNDERS, D. A., HOBBS, R. J., & MARGULES, C. R. (1991) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00384.x · Cited by 4,110
Cited by
Broadbent, E. N., Asner, G. P., Keller, M., Knapp, D. E., Oliveira, P. J. C., & Silva, J. N. (2008) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.04.024 · Cited by 582
Hardwick, S. R., Toumi, R., Pfeifer, M., Turner, E. C., Nilus, R., & Ewers, R. M. (2015) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.11.010 · Cited by 433
Urbina-Cardona, J. N., Olivares-Pérez, M., & Reynoso, V. H. (2006) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.014 · Cited by 263
Restoration of dry tropical forests in Central America: A review of pattern and process
Griscom, H. P., & Ashton, M. S. (2011) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.027 · Cited by 262
Metadata
- Authors
- Williams‐Linera, G., Domínguez‐Gastelú, V., & García‐Zurita, M. E.
- Venue
- Conservation Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-10-05
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1091-1102
- ISSN
- 0888-8892 (ISSN-L)
- 1523-1739
- OpenAlex
- W2105930302
- Cited by
- 195
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Williams‐Linera, G., Domínguez‐Gastelú, V., & García‐Zurita, M. E. (1998). Microenvironment and Floristics of Different Edges in a Fragmented Tropical Rainforest. Conservation Biology. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.97262.x
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