CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 772Cosmology and Gravitation TheoriesGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaDark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena

KiDS-1000 Cosmology: Multi-probe weak gravitational lensing and spectroscopic galaxy clustering constraints

Open access
Heymans, Catherine, Tröster, Tilman, Asgari, Marika, Blake, Chris, Hildebrandt, Hendrik, Joachimi, Benjamin, Kuijken, Konrad, Lin, Chieh-An +26 more·2021·Astronomy & Astrophysics
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/202039063
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

We present a joint cosmological analysis of weak gravitational lensing observations from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000), with redshift-space galaxy clustering observations from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) and galaxy-galaxy lensing observations from the overlap between KiDS-1000, BOSS, and the spectroscopic 2-degree Field Lensing Survey. This combination of large-scale structure probes breaks the degeneracies between cosmological parameters for individual observables, resulting in a constraint on the structure growth parameter S 8 = σ 8 √(Ω m /0.3) = 0.766 −0.014 +0.020 , which has the same overall precision as that reported by the full-sky cosmic microwave background observations from Planck . The recovered S 8 amplitude is low, however, by 8.3 ± 2.6% relative to Planck . This result builds from a series of KiDS-1000 analyses where we validate our methodology with variable depth mock galaxy surveys, our lensing calibration with image simulations and null-tests, and our optical-to-near-infrared redshift calibration with multi-band mock catalogues and a spectroscopic-photometric clustering analysis. The systematic uncertainties identified by these analyses are folded through as nuisance parameters in our cosmological analysis. Inspecting the offset between the marginalised posterior distributions, we find that the S 8 -difference with Planck is driven by a tension in the matter fluctuation amplitude parameter, σ 8 . We quantify the level of agreement between the cosmic microwave background and our large-scale structure constraints using a series of different metrics, finding differences with a significance ranging between ∼3 σ , when considering the offset in S 8 , and ∼2 σ , when considering the full multi-dimensional parameter space.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1051/0004-6361/202039063

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The S8 tension is at the level of 3.1σ with KiDS-100, which gives S8=0.766+0.020-0.014, and 2.5σ with DES-Y3, which gives S8=0.759+0.025-0.025, while Planck prefers a higher value S8=0.834+0.016-0.016.

    “This tension is becoming statistically significant and is now at the level of 3.1σ with KiDS-100 [77], that gives S 8 = 0.766 +0.020 -0.014 , and 2.5σ with DES-Y3 [78], that gives S 8 = 0.759 +0.025 -0.025 , while Planck prefers a higher value for S 8 = 0.834 +0.016 -0.016 .”

    From Challenges of the Standard Cosmological Model (2022) · cites this paper as [77]

  • In a ΛCDM + Ωk model, S8 is in disagreement at about 3.8σ with KiDS-1000 and more than 3.5σ with DES-Y3.

    “S 8 in disagreement at about 3.8σ with KiDS-1000 [77], and more than 3.5σ with DES-Y3 [78].”

    From Challenges of the Standard Cosmological Model (2022) · cites this paper as [77]

  • Varying Ωk exacerbates the well-known tensions on H0 and S8.

    “by varying Ω k , both the well-known tensions on H 0 and S 8 are exacerbated”

    From Challenges of the Standard Cosmological Model (2022) · cites this paper as [77]

    Section 3 reports constraints for a flat ΛCDM model, and §3.2 reports an S8 difference from Planck but good agreement on the Hubble parameter. The passages found for spatial curvature and Ωk do not assess whether varying Ωk exacerbates either tension. (LLM, conf=0.75)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet

References 121 · Cited by 772

Research works printed but not linked: 131

  1. Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Alarcon, A., et al. 2018, Phys. Rev. D, 98, 043526 · DOI
  2. Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., et al. 2020, Phys. Rev. D, 102, 023509 · DOI
  3. Aihara, H., AlSayyad, Y., Ando, M., et al. 2019, PASJ, 71, 114 · DOI
  4. Aiola, S., Calabrese, E., Maurin, L., et al. 2020, JCAP, 12, 047 · DOI
  5. Alam, S., Albareti, F. D., Allende Prieto, C., et al. 2015, ApJS, 219, 12 · DOI
  6. Alam, S., Ata, M., Bailey, S., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 470, 2617 · DOI
  7. Amara, A., & Réfrégier, A. 2008, MNRAS, 391, 228 · DOI
  8. Amon, A., Heymans, C., Klaes, D., et al. 2018, MNRAS, 477, 4285 · DOI
  9. Asgari, M., Heymans, C., Hildebrandt, H., et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A134 · DOI
  10. Asgari, M., Tröster, T., Heymans, C., et al. 2020, A&A, 634, A127 · DOI
  11. Asgari, M., Lin, C. A., Joachimi, B., et al. 2021a, A&A, 645, A104 · DOI
  12. Asgari, M., Friswell, I., Yoon, M., et al. 2021b, MNRAS, 501, 3003 · DOI
  13. Bartelmann, M., & Schneider, P. 2001, Phys. Rep., 340, 291 · DOI
  14. Begeman, K., Belikov, A. N., Boxhoorn, D. R., & Valentijn, E. A. 2013, Exp. Astron., 35, 1 · DOI
  15. Beran, R. 1977, Annal. Stat., 5, 445 · DOI
  16. Bernstein, G. M. 2009, ApJ, 695, 652 · DOI
  17. Bernstein, G., & Jain, B. 2004, ApJ, 600, 17 · DOI
  18. Blake, C., Amon, A., Childress, M., et al. 2016, MNRAS, 462, 4240 · DOI
  19. Blake, C., Amon, A., Asgari, M., et al. 2020, A&A, 642, A158 · DOI
  20. Blas, D., Garny, M., & Konstandin, T. 2013, JCAP, 2013, 024 · DOI
  21. Blazek, J. A., MacCrann, N., Troxel, M. A., & Fang, X. 2019, Phys. Rev. D, 100, 103506 · DOI
  22. Bocquet, S., Dietrich, J. P., Schrabback, T., et al. 2019, ApJ, 878, 55 · DOI
  23. Bose, B., Cataneo, M., Tröster, T., et al. 2020, MNRAS, 498, 4650 · DOI
  24. Bridle, S., & King, L. 2007, New J. Phys., 9, 444 · DOI
  25. Brinckmann, T., & Lesgourgues, J. 2019, Phys. Dark Univ., 24, 100260 · DOI
  26. Chan, K. C., Scoccimarro, R., & Sheth, R. K. 2012, Phys. Rev. D, 85, 083509 · DOI
  27. Chang, C., Wang, M., Dodelson, S., et al. 2019, MNRAS, 482, 3696 · DOI
  28. Chisari, N. E., Alonso, D., Krause, E., et al. 2019, ApJS, 242, 2 · DOI
  29. Crocce, M., & Scoccimarro, R. 2006, Phys. Rev. D, 73, 063519 · DOI
  30. de Jong, J. T. A., Kuijken, K., Applegate, D., et al. 2013, The Messenger, 154, 44 · DOI
  31. DESI Collaboration (Aghamousa, A., et al.) 2016, ArXiv e-prints [arXiv:1611.00036] · arXiv
  32. Desjacques, V., Jeong, D., & Schmidt, F. 2018, Phys. Rep., 733, 1 · DOI
  33. Di Valentino, E., Melchiorri, A., Mena, O., & Vagnozzi, S. 2020, Phys. Rev. D, 101, 063502 · DOI
  34. Drlica-Wagner, A., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Rykoff, E. S., et al. 2018, ApJS, 235, 33 · DOI
  35. eBOSS Collaboration (Alam, S., et al.) 2020, ArXiv e-prints [arXiv:2007.08991] · arXiv
  36. Edge, A., Sutherland, W., Kuijken, K., et al. 2013, The Messenger, 154, 32 · DOI
  37. Efstathiou, G., & Lemos, P. 2018, MNRAS, 476, 151 · DOI
  38. Eisenstein, D. J., Zehavi, I., Hogg, D. W., et al. 2005, ApJ, 633, 560 · DOI
  39. Erben, T., Hildebrandt, H., Miller, L., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 433, 2545 · DOI
  40. Feroz, F., & Hobson, M. P. 2008, MNRAS, 384, 449 · DOI
  41. Feroz, F., Hobson, M. P., & Bridges, M. 2009, MNRAS, 398, 1601 · DOI
  42. Feroz, F., Hobson, M. P., Cameron, E., & Pettitt, A. N. 2019, Open J. Astrophys., 2, 10 · DOI
  43. Fortuna, M. C., Hoekstra, H., Joachimi, B., et al. 2021, MNRAS, 501, 2983 · DOI
  44. Fosalba, P., Crocce, M., Gaztañaga, E., & Castander, F. J. 2015, MNRAS, 448, 2987 · DOI
  45. Gaztañaga, E., Eriksen, M., Crocce, M., et al. 2012, MNRAS, 422, 2904 · DOI
  46. Georgiou, C., Chisari, N. E., Fortuna, M. C., et al. 2019, A&A, 628, A31 · DOI
  47. Giblin, B., Heymans, C., Asgari, M., et al. 2021, A&A, 645, A105 · DOI
  48. Grieb, J. N., Sánchez, A. G., Salazar-Albornoz, S., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 467, 2085 · DOI
  49. Hamana, T., Shirasaki, M., Miyazaki, S., et al. 2020, PASJ, 72, 16 · DOI
  50. Handley, W. 2019, J. Open Sour. Softw., 4, 1414 · DOI
  51. Handley, W., & Lemos, P. 2019, Phys. Rev. D, 100, 043504 · DOI
  52. Heitmann, K., Lawrence, E., Kwan, J., Habib, S., & Higdon, D. 2014, ApJ, 780, 111 · DOI
  53. Heydenreich, S., Schneider, P., Hildebrandt, H., et al. 2020, A&A, 634, A104 · DOI
  54. Heymans, C., Brown, M., Heavens, A., et al. 2004, MNRAS, 347, 895 · DOI
  55. Heymans, C., Grocutt, E., Heavens, A., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 432, 2433 · DOI
  56. Hikage, C., Oguri, M., Hamana, T., et al. 2019, PASJ, 71, 43 · DOI
  57. Hildebrandt, H., Köhlinger, F., van den Busch, J. L., et al. 2020, A&A, 633, A69 · DOI
  58. Hirata, C. M., & Seljak, U. 2004, Phys. Rev. D, 70, 063526 · DOI
  59. Hu, W., & Jain, B. 2004, Phys. Rev. D, 70, 043009 · DOI
  60. Hunter, J. D. 2007, Comput. Sci. Eng., 9, 90 · DOI
  61. Jain, B., & Seljak, U. 1997, ApJ, 484, 560 · DOI
  62. Joachimi, B., & Bridle, S. L. 2010, A&A, 523, A1 · DOI
  63. Joachimi, B., Mandelbaum, R., Abdalla, F. B., & Bridle, S. L. 2011, A&A, 527, A26 · DOI
  64. Joachimi, B., Lin, C. A., Asgari, M., et al. 2021, A&A, 646, A129 · DOI
  65. Johnson, A., Blake, C., Amon, A., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 465, 4118 · DOI
  66. Johnston, H., Georgiou, C., Joachimi, B., et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A30 · DOI
  67. Jones, E., Oliphant, T., Peterson, P., et al. 2001, SciPy: Open Source Scientific Tools for Python · DOI
  68. Joudaki, S., Blake, C., Heymans, C., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 465, 2033 · DOI
  69. Joudaki, S., Blake, C., Johnson, A., et al. 2018, MNRAS, 474, 4894 · DOI
  70. Joudaki, S., Hildebrandt, H., Traykova, D., et al. 2020, A&A, 638, L1 · DOI
  71. Kannawadi, A., Hoekstra, H., Miller, L., et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A92 · DOI
  72. Kitaura, F.-S., Rodríguez-Torres, S., Chuang, C.-H., et al. 2016, MNRAS, 456, 4156 · DOI
  73. Köhlinger, F., Joachimi, B., Asgari, M., et al. 2019, MNRAS, 484, 3126 · DOI
  74. Kuijken, K., Heymans, C., Hildebrandt, H., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 454, 3500 · DOI
  75. Kuijken, K., Heymans, C., Dvornik, A., et al. 2019, A&A, 625, A2 · DOI
  76. Lange, J. U., Yang, X., Guo, H., Luo, W., & van den Bosch, F. C. 2019, MNRAS, 488, 5771 · DOI
  77. Leauthaud, A., Saito, S., Hilbert, S., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 467, 3024 · DOI
  78. Lemos, P., Köhlinger, F., Handley, W., et al. 2020, MNRAS, 496, 4647 · DOI
  79. Lewis, A., & Bridle, S. 2002, Phys. Rev. D, 66, 103511 · DOI
  80. Lewis, A., Challinor, A., & Lasenby, A. 2000, ApJ, 538, 473 · DOI
  81. Liske, J., Baldry, I. K., Driver, S. P., et al. 2015, MNRAS, 452, 2087 · DOI
  82. LSST Science Collaboration (Abell, P. A., et al.) 2009, LSST Science Book, Version 2.0 · DOI
  83. Mandelbaum, R. 2018, ARA&A, 56, 393 · DOI
  84. Mandelbaum, R., Blake, C., Bridle, S., et al. 2011, MNRAS, 410, 844 · DOI
  85. Mead, A. J., Peacock, J. A., Heymans, C., Joudaki, S., & Heavens, A. F. 2015, MNRAS, 454, 1958 · DOI
  86. Mead, A. J., Heymans, C., Lombriser, L., et al. 2016, MNRAS, 459, 1468 · DOI
  87. Mead, A. J., Tröster, T., Heymans, C., Van Waerbeke, L., & McCarthy, I. G. 2020, A&A, 641, A130 · DOI
  88. Mead, A., Brieden, S., Tröster, T., & Heymans, C. 2021, MNRAS, 502, 1401 · DOI
  89. Miller, L., Heymans, C., Kitching, T. D., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 429, 2858 · DOI
  90. Muir, J., Bernstein, G. M., Huterer, D., et al. 2020, MNRAS, 494, 4454 · DOI
  91. Nelder, J., & Mead, R. 1965, Comput. J., 7, 308 · DOI
  92. Newman, J. A. 2008, ApJ, 684, 88 · DOI
  93. Oliphant, T. E. 2006, A Guide to NumPy (USA: Trelgol Publishing), 1 · DOI
  94. Olive, K. A., & Particle Data Group 2014, Chin. Phys. C, 38, 090001 · DOI
  95. Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Yèche, C., Schöneberg, N., et al. 2020, JCAP, 2020, 038 · DOI
  96. Peebles, P. J. E. 1980, The Large-scale Structure of the Universe (Princeton: Princeton University Press) · DOI
  97. Planck Collaboration VI. 2020, A&A, 641, A6 · DOI
  98. Poulin, V., Boddy, K. K., Bird, S., & Kamionkowski, M. 2018, Phys. Rev. D, 97, 123504 · DOI
  99. Powell, M. J. D. 1964, Comput. J., 7, 155 · DOI
  100. Raveri, M., & Hu, W. 2019, Phys. Rev. D, 99, 043506 · DOI
  101. Raveri, M., Zacharegkas, G., & Hu, W. 2020, Phys. Rev. D, 101, 103527 · DOI
  102. Richard, J., Kneib, J. P., Blake, C., et al. 2019, The Messenger, 175, 50 · DOI
  103. Riess, A. G., Macri, L. M., Hoffmann, S. L., et al. 2016, ApJ, 826, 56 · DOI
  104. Riess, A. G., Casertano, S., Yuan, W., Macri, L. M., & Scolnic, D. 2019, ApJ, 876, 85 · DOI
  105. Ross, A. J., Percival, W. J., Sánchez, A. G., et al. 2012, MNRAS, 424, 564 · DOI
  106. Ross, A. J., Beutler, F., Chuang, C.-H., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 464, 1168 · DOI
  107. Samuroff, S., Blazek, J., Troxel, M. A., et al. 2019, MNRAS, 489, 5453 · DOI
  108. Sanchez, A. G. 2020, Phys. Rev. D, 102, 123511 · DOI
  109. Sánchez, A. G., Scoccimarro, R., Crocce, M., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 464, 1640 · DOI
  110. Schneider, M. D., & Bridle, S. 2010, MNRAS, 402, 2127 · DOI
  111. Schneider, P., van Waerbeke, L., Kilbinger, M., & Mellier, Y. 2002, A&A, 396, 1 · DOI
  112. Scolnic, D. M., Jones, D. O., Rest, A., et al. 2018, ApJ, 859, 101 · DOI
  113. Sellentin, E. 2020, MNRAS, 492, 3396 · DOI
  114. Semboloni, E., Hoekstra, H., Schaye, J., van Daalen, M. P., & McCarthy, I. G. 2011, MNRAS, 417, 2020 · DOI
  115. Singh, S., Mandelbaum, R., & More, S. 2015, MNRAS, 450, 2195 · DOI
  116. Singh, S., Mandelbaum, R., Seljak, U., Rodríguez-Torres, S., & Slosar, A. 2020, MNRAS, 491, 51 · DOI
  117. Takada, M., & Hu, W. 2013, Phys. Rev. D, 87, 123504 · DOI
  118. Tonegawa, M., Okumura, T., Totani, T., et al. 2018, PASJ, 70, 41 · DOI
  119. Tröster, T., Asgari, M., Blake, C., et al. 2020a, A&A, submitted [arXiv:2010.16416] · arXiv
  120. Tröster, T., Sánchez, A. G., Asgari, M., et al. 2020b, A&A, 633, L10 · DOI
  121. Troxel, M. A., MacCrann, N., Zuntz, J., et al. 2018, Phys. Rev. D, 98, 043528 · DOI
  122. Vakili, M., Bilicki, M., Hoekstra, H., et al. 2019, MNRAS, 487, 3715 · DOI
  123. van Daalen, M. P., Schaye, J., Booth, C. M., & Dalla Vecchia, C. 2011, MNRAS, 415, 3649 · DOI
  124. van den Busch, J. L., Hildebrandt, H., Wright, A. H., et al. 2020, A&A, 642, A200 · DOI
  125. van Uitert, E., Joachimi, B., Joudaki, S., et al. 2018, MNRAS, 476, 4662 · DOI
  126. Vlah, Z., Chisari, N. E., & Schmidt, F. 2020, JCAP, 2020, 025 · DOI
  127. Weinberg, S. 1972, Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity (John Wiley & Sons) · DOI
  128. Wright, A. H., Hildebrandt, H., van den Busch, J. L., & Heymans, C. 2020a, A&A, 637, A100 · DOI
  129. Wright, A. H., Hildebrandt, H., van den Busch, J. L., et al. 2020b, A&A, 640, L14 · DOI
  130. York, D. G., Adelman, J., Anderson, J. E., Jr., et al. 2000, AJ, 120, 1579 · DOI
  131. Zuntz, J., Paterno, M., Jennings, E., et al. 2015, Astron. Comput., 12, 45 · DOI

Authors
Heymans, C., Tröster, T., Asgari, M., Blake, C., Hildebrandt, H., Joachimi, B., Kuijken, K., Lin, C.-A., Sánchez, A. G., van den Busch, J. L., Wright, A. H., Amon, A., Bilicki, M., de Jong, J., Crocce, M., Dvornik, A., Erben, T., Fortuna, M. C., Getman, F., Giblin, B., Glazebrook, K., Hoekstra, H., Joudaki, S., Kannawadi, A., Köhlinger, F., Lidman, C., Miller, L., Napolitano, N. R., Parkinson, D., Schneider, P., Shan, H., Valentijn, E. A., Verdoes Kleijn, G., & Wolf, C.
Affiliations
  • Royal Observatory (GB)
  • Swinburne University of Technology (AU)
  • Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
  • University College London (GB)
  • Leiden University (NL)
  • Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (DE)
  • Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (US)
  • Center for Theoretical Physics (PL)
  • Institute of Space Sciences (ES)
  • University of Bonn (DE)
  • Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte (IT)
  • University of Oxford (GB)
  • Australian National University (AU)
  • University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
  • Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KR)
  • Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (CN)
  • University of Groningen (NL)
ORCID
Venue
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Publisher
EDP Sciences
Published
2021-02
Volume
646
Pages
A140
ISSN
  • 0004-6361 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-0746
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202039063
OpenAlex
W3045800305
Cited by
772
References
121
Citations by year
2026: 104 · 2025: 156 · 2024: 133 · 2023: 153 · 2022: 139 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 5
FWCI
42.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.edpsciences.org/en/authors/copyright-and-licensing (vor, 18 d)
Locations
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
  • Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
  • Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
European Research Council (647112)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
Keywords
KiDS-1000, weak gravitational lensing, galaxy clustering, S8 tension, amplitude of matter fluctuations, large-scale structure, galaxy-galaxy lensing, redshift-space clustering, cosmological parameter constraints, systematic uncertainties, redshift calibration

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review