Cited by 51solar cell performance optimizationSilicon and Solar Cell TechnologiesAdvanced Energy Technologies and Civil Engineering Innovations

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Space Solar Cells – 3G30 and Next Generation Radiation Hard Products

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Abstract

The 3G30-Advanced, AZUR SPACE’s latest qualified solar cell product, provides highest end-of-life efficiencies in space. The cell reaches 27.8% at a fluence of 5 E14 cm−2 and 26.5% at a fluence of 1 E15 cm−2 1 MeV electrons.

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Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1051/e3sconf/20171603005

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Product roadmap of AZUR for three market segments. Colours indicate cell technology: latticematched (blue), UMM (orange), inverted metamorphic (IMM, green) or semiconductor bonded (SB, green). Today more than 2 million cells have been delivered.
Figure 1 Product roadmap of AZUR for three market segments. Colours indicate cell technology: latticematched (blue), UMM (orange), inverted metamorphic (IMM, green) or semiconductor bonded (SB, green). Today more than 2 million cells have been delivered.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 2 Structure of the 3G30C solar cell with a bandgap sequence of 1.9, 1.4 and 0.66 eV and AZUR's proprietary and patent protected EOL design including a distributed Bragg reflector (*).
Figure 2 Structure of the 3G30C solar cell with a bandgap sequence of 1.9, 1.4 and 0.66 eV and AZUR's proprietary and patent protected EOL design including a distributed Bragg reflector (*).CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 3 Different 3G30C solar cell formats ranging from 30 cm² to 70 cm² active area.
Figure 3 Different 3G30C solar cell formats ranging from 30 cm² to 70 cm² active area.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 4 3G30A assembly with external Si bypass diode (top) and a 3G30C with integral bypass diode (bottom).
Figure 4 3G30A assembly with external Si bypass diode (top) and a 3G30C with integral bypass diode (bottom).CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 5 Comparison of AZUR's 3G30C and 3G30C -1E16+ depending on 1 MeV electron fluences.
Figure 5 Comparison of AZUR's 3G30C and 3G30C -1E16+ depending on 1 MeV electron fluences.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 6 Quantum efficiency of AZUR's 3G31C (solid) vs. the top and middle cell of 3G30C (dashed).
Figure 6 Quantum efficiency of AZUR's 3G31C (solid) vs. the top and middle cell of 3G30C (dashed).CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 7 REM cross-section of the 3G31C. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and a step-graded metamorphic buffer with overshoot complement the three subcells.
Figure 7 REM cross-section of the 3G31C. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and a step-graded metamorphic buffer with overshoot complement the three subcells.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 8 Structure of the 4G32C solar cell with a bandgap sequence of 1.9, 1.4, 1.1 and 0.66 eV and AZUR's proprietary and patent protected EOL design.
Figure 8 Structure of the 4G32C solar cell with a bandgap sequence of 1.9, 1.4, 1.1 and 0.66 eV and AZUR's proprietary and patent protected EOL design.CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 9 External quantum efficiency of the four subcells of AZUR's 4G32C (solid) vs. the 3G30C (dashed).
Figure 9 External quantum efficiency of the four subcells of AZUR's 4G32C (solid) vs. the 3G30C (dashed).CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 10 IV characteristics of AZUR's 4G 32C (1367 W/m²) at beginning-of-life and at a 1 MeV electron fluence of 1E15 cm -2 .
Figure 10 IV characteristics of AZUR's 4G 32C (1367 W/m²) at beginning-of-life and at a 1 MeV electron fluence of 1E15 cm -2 .CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 11 Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) image of a cells based on InP and GaAs wafers successfully semiconductor bonded (left). Voids (grey areas) arise from larger surface defects (right, dots).
Figure 11 Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) image of a cells based on InP and GaAs wafers successfully semiconductor bonded (left). Voids (grey areas) arise from larger surface defects (right, dots).CC-BY · From the PDF

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Citations

Cites

Show all 2 references

Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Guter W., Ebel L., Fuhrmann D., Köstler W. & Meusel M. (2014). Development, Qualification and Production of Space Solar Cells with 30% EOL Efficiency, Proc. of the European Space Power Conference, Noordwijkerhout.
  2. Geisz, 2007, APL, 91, 23502
  3. Meusel M., Bensch W., Fuhrmann D., Guter W., Kern R., Köstler W, Löckenhoff R., Strobl G.F.X., Klinger V., Siefer G., Welser E., Dimroth F. & Bett A. (2010). III-V Multijunction Solar Cells - From Current Space and Terrestrial Products, Proc. of the 25th EUPVSEC, Valencia, p. 18.
  4. Strobl G.F.X., Fuhrmann D., Guter W., Khorenko V., Köstler W. & Meusel M. (2012). About AZUR’s “3G30-advanced” Space Solar Cell and Next Generation Product, Proc. of the 27th EUPVSEC, Frankfurt, p. 1BO10.3.
  5. Zazoui M., Warner J.H., Summers G.P., Messenger S.R. & Lorentzen J.R. (2005). Radiation response mechanisms in multifunction III/V space solar cells, Conf. Rec. 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Spec. Conf., 2005, pp. 542–547.
  6. Khorenko V., Strobl G.F.X., Guter W., Fuhrmann D., Ebel L., Kern R., Meusel M. & Köstler W. (2014). Roadmap for the next generations of European Space Solar Cells, Proc. of the 29th EU PVSEC, Amsterdam, 4DO.13.1

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Metadata

Authors
Guter, W., Dunzer, F., Ebel, L., Hillerich, K., Köstler, W., Kubera, T., Meusel, M., Postels, B., & Wächter, C.
Affiliations
Azur Space Solar Power (DE)
Venue
E3S Web of Conferences
Publisher
EDP Sciences
Published
2017
Volume
16
Pages
03005
ISSN
2267-1242 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2619112236
Cited by
51
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3
FWCI
3.48
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • E3S Web of Conferences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
European Space Agency
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › solar cell performance optimization
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Nuclear Energy and Engineering › Advanced Energy Technologies and Civil Engineering Innovations
Keywords
space solar cells, radiation hardening, space radiation effects, electron fluence, solar cells

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