The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 6 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Pasteur et l’entrée du vin dans la modernité scientifique
Open accessAbstract
Dans l’œuvre de Louis Pasteur, les travaux sur le vin sont peut-être les moins étudiés. Pasteur y révèle pourtant ses différentes facettes. Chimiste décidé à élucider les mécanismes de la fermentation alcoolique, il a en tête l’amélioration de la production et de la qualité des vins destinés à l’exportation. Il est aussi un homme de terroir gardant un lien avec le savoir-faire des vignerons et une tradition empirique de dégustation, et un enseignant dévoué à ses étudiants. Cet article explore l’impact des méthodes pasteuriennes sur l’amélioration et la conservation des crus, et l’avenir de la pasteurisation. Il s’interroge pour finir sur le rôle des études sur le vin dans l’élaboration de la théorie microbienne des maladies humaines.
Overview
CoChat Summary
TL;DR
This historical essay examines how Louis Pasteur came to study wine scientifically, from his 1863 work at Arbois to his heating process and its links to germ theory. It argues that wine pasteurization was ultimately not established for wine, even though the wine studies helped shape Pasteur’s microbial theory of human disease.
Key findings
- Pasteur began working seriously on wine in 1863 at the request of Napoleon III to improve exports, especially to England and the United States; he applied methods from his fermentation research and identified “germes parasites” or “cellules-ferments” as causes of wine diseases, proposing that their vitality must be destroyed.
- He developed a heating process at about 60 °C for a few minutes, patented in April 1865; expert juries mostly concluded heated wine tasted better, though Pasteur also tried to trick tasters by presenting the same wine as heated versus non-heated.
- Wine pasteurization was progressively abandoned for wine because of practical difficulties with quantities and contexts, while flash pasteurization later became widely used for other liquids such as fruit juices.
- The wine studies contributed to the emerging microbial theory of disease through analogies between wine maladies and human infectious diseases, but the paper notes uncertainty about which germs—yeasts, Mycodermas, Saccharomyces, or bacteria—Pasteur observed in different wine affections.
Methods
- Historical essay/narrative analysis, not an empirical study; the author explicitly writes as a physician reflecting on Pasteur’s “clinical” approach to wine.
- Draws on Pasteur’s *Études sur le vin*, the *Œuvres complètes*, correspondence with winegrowers and merchants, and laboratory registers from 1863–1867.
- No formal sampling, statistical analysis, or systematic review is described; the argument is interpretive and source-based.
Limitations
- Stated in the paper: “nous ne savons pas toujours avec certitude quels sont les germes” Pasteur observed in the different wine diseases.
- Evident from the text: as a historical essay, it does not use systematic review or quantitative synthesis, so its conclusions are interpretive rather than empirically tested.
- Evident from the text: it relies on selected published works, correspondence, and registers, so coverage of archival material may be partial.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
0 Valid · 4 Not valid · 7 Not checked · 27 Own results and interpretations
In the paper
“En 1854, il fait une communication à l'Académie des sciences sur « Les altérations 1 Vieille unité de mesure des liquides qui viendrait de feuillet, jauge indiquant le bon remplissage d'un fût.spontanées ou maladies des vins » [1]”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] Pasteur L. Études sur le vin. Deuxième partie : des altérations spontanées ou maladies des vins. Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences 1854; 58 : 150.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Pour tester comparativement le vin chauffé et non chauffé, il convoque des experts qui, à quelques exceptions près, concluent que le vin chauffé a meilleur goût.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2] Œuvres Pasteur L. tome III. Paris: Masson, 1924.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“La pasteurisation du vin ne s'est pas imposée finalement, en raison des difficultés à la mettre en pratique en fonction des quantités et des contextes.”
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“grains sont prélevés et placés dans une étuve à 30° : seuls fermentent ceux qui ont été laissés à l'air libre » [3].”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [3] Marchal A. Louis Pasteur et Claude Bernard, les ferments de la discorde. In: Barbe N, Raichvarg D (éds.), Les vies de la pasteurisation. Récits, savoirs, actions. Dijon : Éditions universitaires de Dijon, 2015 : p. 39.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
A statement the paper makes itself — it cites no source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toutes sortes de facteurs ont donc concouru à ce qu'il se consacre, à partir de la demande impériale, à une étude scientifique en appliquant les méthodes qu'il a utilisées jusque-là pour ses recherches sur les fermentations, comme celle du vinaigre.”
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
1 more claim
Create a free account to see all 38 claims and every source verdict.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 31
- It may state two separate claims as one. 18
Citations
Cites
Learning Tolerance while Fighting Ignorance
Sansonetti, P. J., & Medzhitov, R. M. (2009) · Journal of End-to-End-testing · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.07.024 · Cited by 164
Learning Tolerance while Fighting Ignorance
Sansonetti, P. J., & Medzhitov, R. M. (2009) · Journal of End-to-End-testing · doi:10.1016/s9999-9994(09)20455-7 · Cited by 7
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Pasteur L. Études sur le vin. Deuxième partie : des altérations spontanées ou maladies des vins. Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences 1854; 58 : 150.
- Lettre au directeur du Journal d’agriculture pratique, 28 juin 1872, p. 455.
- Les vies de la pasteurisation. Récits, savoirs, actions (1865–2015). Barbe N, Raichvarg D (eds.). Dijon : Éditions universitaires de Dijon, 2015.
Cited by
Mariani, L. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87857-2_4 · Cited by 1
The Wine: Tradition, Health and Culture
Debreceni, J., Fekete-Frojimovics, Z., Lenkovics, B., Lugasi, A., Magyar, N., & Soós, G. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-97934-7_10
Metadata
- Authors
- Moulin, A.-M.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Moulin, Anne-Marie
- ORCID
- Moulin, Anne-Marie
- Venue
- médecine/sciences
- Publisher
- EDP Sciences
- Published
- 2023-05
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 458-462
- ISSN
- 0767-0974 (ISSN-L)
- 1958-5381
- OpenAlex
- W4377564533
- Semantic Scholar
- 387e7b05b0843bbea8e4bd3a1c1da891aa79f4ab
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- fr
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- médecine/sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › History of Science and Medicine
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Medical History and Innovations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Historical Medical Research and Treatments
- Keywords
- Louis Pasteur, wine, winemaking, fermentation, terroir, history of microbiology, scientific modernity, 19th century
- MeSH terms
- Fermentation, Humans, Physicians, Students, Wine, History, 19th Century
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Pasteur et l’entrée du vin dans la modernité scientifique. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1051/medsci/2023060
- The paper
- Moulin, A.-M. (2023). Pasteur et l’entrée du vin dans la modernité scientifique. médecine/sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2023060
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
