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Human Attentional Networks
Abstract
In recent years it has been possible to treat attention as an organ system with its own anatomy, circuitry and set of functions. We view attention in terms of three interrelated neural networks in the human brain. These networks carry out the specific functions of developing and maintaining the alert state, orienting to sensory input, and executive control. Damage to these networks or their chemical neuromodulators can produce specific neurological and psychiatric deficits. We have conducted behavioral, developmental, and patient studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), event related potentials (ERP), genetics, and computational modeling to investigate the anatomy, circuitry, pathology, and development of attentional networks. The Attentional Network Test (ANT) is developed to measure the efficiency of each of the attention networks. The ANT can also serve as an endophenotype for genetic studies on attentional networks. This paper reviews our work with the ANT in studies of normal performance and various forms of psychopathology.
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“Besides these macrostructural indicators, it was suggested that ADHD primarily involves the fronto-striatal [13] as well as fronto-parietal networks [14].”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [14]
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Circadian typology: a comprehensive review
Adan, A., Archer, S. N., Hidalgo, M. P., Di Milia, L., Natale, V., & Randler, C. (2012) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.719971 · Cited by 1,384
Mindfulness Meditation Training in Adults and Adolescents With ADHD: A Feasibility Study
Zylowska, L., Ackerman, D. L., Yang, M. H., Futrell, J. L., Horton, N. L., Hale, T. S., Pataki, C., & Smalley, S. L. (2008) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054707308502 · Cited by 674
“…was assessed via the Attention Network Test (ANT), a computerized test measuring three aspects of attention: alerting (maintaining a vigilant state of preparedness), orienting (selecting a stimulus among multiple inputs), and conflict (prioritizing among competing tasks; Fan & Posner, 2004).”
MethodAuditory attention — focusing the searchlight on sound
Fritz, J. B., Elhilali, M., David, S. V., & Shamma, S. (2007) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2007.07.011 · Cited by 547
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Attention Networks
Bush, G. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2009.120 · Cited by 358
“More recent functional imaging evidence has also supported Posner and Petersen's three-module framework and started to link these brain findings to genetic influences (Fan et al, 2003, 2005; Fan and Posner, 2004).”
BackgroundIs there a bilingual advantage in the ANT task? Evidence from children
Antón, E., Duñabeitia, J. A., Estévez, A., Hernandez-Cabrera, J. A., Castillo, A., Fuentes, L. J., Davidson, D. J., & Carreiras, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00398 · Cited by 355
“Hence, considering that the current results fully replicate the indices observed in preceding studies with the ANT task (e.g., Fan and Posner, 2004; Fan et al., 2005; Wang and Fan, 2007; Ishigami and Klein, 2010; Yin et al., 2012; Mackie et al., 2013 among many others), it is hardly possible that…”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Fan, J., & Posner, M.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Oregon (US)
- Venue
- Psychiatrische Praxis
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2004-11
- Volume
- 31
- Pages
- 210-214
- ISSN
- 1611-8332 (ISSN-L)
- 1611-8340
- OpenAlex
- W2017895389
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- de
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatrische Praxis. Supplement (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- attentional networks, alertness, orienting, executive function, neuromodulators, Attentional Network Test, endophenotypes, psychopathology, neuropsychology
- MeSH terms
- Arousal, Attention, Mental Disorders, Brain, Brain Damage, Chronic, Brain Mapping, Genotype, Humans, Individuality, Nerve Net, Neuropsychological Tests
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