The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Polymicrobial Etiology of Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Abstract
We studied 204 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease to delineate further the causes of that illness. Gonococci were recovered from 91. Gonococcal pili antibody rose or fell significantly in 12 of 18 patients with positive cultures and only two of 19 who had negative cultures and smears for Neisseria gonorrhaoea(P smaller than 0.005). N. gonorrhoeae was found in peritoneal exudate from eight of 21 patients with, and none of 33 without, cervical gonococcal infection. Among patients with severe disease, other bacteria were recovered from peritoneal exudates from five of 16 with, and 19 of 22 without, cervical gonococcal infection (P smaller than 0.025). Mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacterial peritoneal infection was common in nongonococcal pelvic disease. The most common species recovered were Bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococci, and peptococci. Tuboperitoneal gonococcal infection probably causes pelvic inflammatory disease in most patients with cervical gonococcal infection, whereas polymicrobial tuboperitoneal infection probably causes most nongonococcal cases.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Etiology of Nongonococcal Urethritis
Holmes, K. K., Handsfield, H. H., Wang, S. P., Wentworth, B. B., Turck, M., Anderson, J. B., & Alexander, E. R. (1975) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197506052922301 · Cited by 434
Self-citationObjectivized diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Jacobson, L., & Weström, L. (1969) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(69)90132-x · Cited by 422
Human Serology in Chlamydia trachomatis Infection with Microimmunofluorescence
Wang, S.-P., & Grayston, J. T. (1974) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/130.4.388 · Cited by 230
Self-citationSEROEPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIONS DUE TO MEMBERS OF THE HERPESVIRUS GROUP
WENTWORTH, B. B., & ALEXANDER, E. R. (1971) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121347 · Cited by 205
Self-citationFalk, V. (1965) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016346509158538 · Cited by 79
Cited by
Price, M. J., Ades, A., Soldan, K., Welton, N. J., Macleod, J., Simms, I., DeAngelis, D., Turner, K. M., & Horner, P. J. (2016) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta20220 · Cited by 494
Bacterial vaginosis and risk of pelvic inflammatory disease.
Ness, R. B., Hillier, S. L., Kip, K. E., Soper, D. E., Stamm, C. A., McGregor, J. A., Bass, D. C., Sweet, R. L., Rice, P., & Richter, H. E. (2004) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000139512.37582.17 · Cited by 169
Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease
Savaris, R. F., Fuhrich, D. G., Maissiat, J., Duarte, R. V., & Ross, J. (2020) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010285.pub3 · Cited by 81
Urinary Tract Infections in Women With Bacterial Vaginosis
HARMANLI, O. H., CHENG, G. Y., NYIRJESY, P., CHATWANI, A., & GAUGHAN, J. P. (2000) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00006250-200005000-00015 · Cited by 26
Metadata
- Authors
- Eschenbach, D. A., Buchanan, T. M., Pollock, H. M., Forsyth, P. S., Alexander, E. R., Lin, J.-S., Wang, S.-P., Wentworth, B. B., McCormack, W. M., & Holmes, K. K.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1975-07-24
- Volume
- 293
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 166-171
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2313219226
- Cited by
- 478
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 21.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Polymicrobial Etiology of Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1056/nejm197507242930403
- The paper
- Eschenbach, D. A., Buchanan, T. M., Pollock, H. M., Forsyth, P. S., Alexander, E. R., Lin, J.-S., Wang, S.-P., Wentworth, B. B., McCormack, W. M., & Holmes, K. K. (1975). Polymicrobial Etiology of Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197507242930403
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
