The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Prophylaxis with Oral Penicillin in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia
Abstract
Children with sickle cell anemia have an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, especially to those caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. We therefore conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to test whether the regular, daily administration of oral penicillin would reduce the incidence of documented septicemia due to S.pneumoniae in children with sickle cell anemia who were under the age of three years at the time of entry. The children were randomly assigned to receive either 125 mg of penicillin V potassium (105 children) or placebo (110 children) twice daily. The trial was terminated 8 months early, after an average of 15 months of follow-up, when an 84 percent reduction in the incidence of infection was observed in the group treated with penicillin, as compared with the group given placebo (13 of 110 patients vs. 2 of 105; P = 0.0025), with no deaths from pneumococcal septicemia occurring in the penicillin group but three deaths from the infection occurring in the placebo group. On the basis of these results, we conclude that children should be screened in the neonatal period for sickle cell hemoglobinopathy and that those with sickle cell anemia should receive prophylactic therapy with oral penicillin by four months of age to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with pneumococcal septicemia.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Regression Models and Life-Tables
Cox, D. R. (1972) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x · Cited by 39,793
Ammann, A. J., Addiego, J., Wara, D. W., Lubin, B., Smith, W. B., & Mentzer, W. C. (1977) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197710272971701 · Cited by 404
Barrett-Connor, E. L. (1971) · PubMed · Cited by 394
Failure of Children to Receive Penicillin by Mouth
Bergman, A. B., & Werner, R. J. (1963) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196306132682404 · Cited by 363
BARRETT-CONNOR, E. (1971) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/00005792-197103000-00002 · Cited by 359
Broome, C. V., Facklam, R. R., & Fraser, D. W. (1980) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198009043031003 · Cited by 338
Natural history of sickle cell disease--the first ten years.
Powars, D. R. (1975) · PubMed · Cited by 255
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Immunization in Infants and Children
Cowan, M. J., Ammann, A. J., Wara, D. W., Howie, V. M., Schultz, L., Doyle, N. E., & Kaplan, M. J. (1978) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.62.5.721 · Cited by 208
An aid to data monitoring in long-term clinical trials
Halperin, M., Gordon Lan, K. K., Ware, J. H., Johnson, N. J., & DeMets, D. L. (1982) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(82)90022-8 · Cited by 195
Pneumococcal Meningitis in Sickle-Cell Anemia
Robinson, M. G., & Watson, R. J. (1966) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196605052741806 · Cited by 188
Cited by
Rees, D. C., Williams, T. N., & Gladwin, M. T. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61029-x · Cited by 2,504
Management of Sickle Cell Disease: Summary of the 2014 Evidence-Based Report by Expert Panel Members
Yawn, B. P., Buchanan, G. R., Afenyi-Annan, A. N., Ballas, S. K., Hassell, K. L., James, A. H., Jordan, L., Lanzkron, S. M., Lottenberg, R., Savage, W. J., et al. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10517 · Cited by 1,599
Piel, F. B., Steinberg, M. H., & Rees, D. C. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1510865 · Cited by 1,488
Kato, G. J., Piel, F. B., Reid, C. D., Gaston, M. H., Ohene-Frempong, K., Krishnamurti, L., Smith, W. R., Panepinto, J. A., Weatherall, D. J., Costa, F. F., et al. (2018) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2018.10 · Cited by 1,501
Self-citationNeutrophil ageing is regulated by the microbiome
Zhang, D., Chen, G., Manwani, D., Mortha, A., Xu, C., Faith, J. J., Burk, R. D., Kunisaki, Y., Jang, J.-E., Scheiermann, C., et al. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15367 · Cited by 839
Metadata
- Authors
- Gaston, M. H., Verter, J. I., Woods, G., Pegelow, C., Kelleher, J., Presbury, G., Zarkowsky, H., Vichinsky, E., Iyer, R., Lobel, J. S., Diamond, S., Holbrook, C. T., Gill, F. M., Ritchey, K., Falletta, J. M., & For the Prophylactic Penicillin Study Group
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1986-06-19
- Volume
- 314
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 1593-1599
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2330393631
- Cited by
- 1,162
- References
- 22
- FWCI
- 13.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Prophylaxis with Oral Penicillin in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1056/nejm198606193142501
- The paper
- Gaston, M. H., Verter, J. I., Woods, G., Pegelow, C., Kelleher, J., Presbury, G., Zarkowsky, H., Vichinsky, E., Iyer, R., Lobel, J. S., Diamond, S., Holbrook, C. T., Gill, F. M., Ritchey, K., Falletta, J. M., & For the Prophylactic Penicillin Study Group. (1986). Prophylaxis with Oral Penicillin in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198606193142501
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
