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Effects of Regular Exercise on Blood Pressure and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in African-American Men with Severe Hypertension
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hypertension and its cardiovascular complications is higher in African Americans than in whites. Interventions to control blood pressure in this population are particularly important. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, but its effects in patients with severe hypertension have not been studied. We examined the effects of moderately intense exercise on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension. METHODS: We randomly assigned 46 men 35 to 76 years of age to exercise plus antihypertensive medication (23 men) or antihypertensive medication alone (23 men). A total of 18 men in the exercise group completed 16 weeks of exercise, and 14 completed 32 weeks of exercise, which was performed three times per week at 60 to 80 percent of the maximal heart rate. RESULTS: After 16 weeks, mean (+/- SD) diastolic blood pressure had decreased from 88 +/- 7 to 83 +/- 8 mm Hg in the patients who exercised, whereas it had increased slightly, from 88 +/- 6 to 90 +/- 7 mm Hg, in those who did not exercise (P = 0.002). Diastolic blood pressure remained significantly lower after 32 weeks of exercise, even with substantial reductions in the dose of antihypertensive medication. In addition, the thickness of the interventricular septum (P = 0.03), the left ventricular mass (P = 0.02), and the mass index (P = 0.04) had decreased significantly after 16 weeks in the patients who exercised, whereas there was no significant change in the nonexercisers. CONCLUSIONS: Regular exercise reduced blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension.
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“When a workload is fixed at submaximal exercise intensity, individuals with greater cardiorespiratory fitness have lower exercise BP.”
From Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Workload, and the Blood Pressure Response to Exercise Testing (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
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“When a workload is fixed at submaximal exercise intensity, individuals with greater cardiorespiratory fitness have lower exercise BP.”
From Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Workload, and the Blood Pressure Response to Exercise Testing (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kokkinos, P. F., Narayan, P., Colleran, J. A., Pittaras, A., Notargiacomo, A., Reda, D., & Papademetriou, V.
- Affiliations
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- Veterans Health Administration (US)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1995-11-30
- Volume
- 333
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 1462-1467
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2314843894
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- exercise therapy, severe hypertension, blood pressure reduction, left ventricular hypertrophy, African American men, antihypertensive drugs, left ventricular mass, interventricular septum thickness, cardiovascular risk reduction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Antihypertensive Agents, Black or African American, Blood Pressure, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Hypertension, Indapamide, Male, Middle Aged, Verapamil, Exercise, Treatment Outcome, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Black People
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