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Nonoccupational Exposure to Chrysotile Asbestos and the Risk of Lung Cancer

Camus, Michel, Siemiatycki, Jack, Meek, Bette·1998·New England Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1056/nejm199805283382201
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Abstract

Background Heavy industrial exposure to asbestos causes lung cancer and mesothelioma, but it remains unknown whether much lower environmental exposure to asbestos also causes these cancers. Nevertheless, regulatory agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), have assessed the risk of lung cancer by extrapolating known risks from past industrial exposure to asbestos to today's much lower environmental asbestos levels (roughly 100,000 times lower). We also tested the EPA's model for predicting the risk of asbestos-induced lung cancer in a population of women with relatively high levels of nonoccupational exposure to asbestos. Methods Mortality among women in 2 chrysotile-asbestos-mining areas of the province of Quebec was compared with mortality among women in 60 control areas, and age-standardized mortality ratios were derived. With the help of an expert panel, we estimated past exposure to asbestos among women in the mining areas and used these data with the EPA's model to predict the relative risk of lung cancer. We then compared this prediction with the observed mortality ratios. Results On the basis of the estimated exposure in the asbestos-mining areas, a relative risk of death due to lung cancer of 2.1 was predicted by the EPA's model, amounting to about 75 excess deaths from lung cancer in this population. By contrast, we calculated a standardized mortality ratio of 1.0 and a standardized proportionate mortality ratio of 1.1 (P> 0.05), suggesting that…

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Metadata

Authors
Camus, M., Siemiatycki, J., & Meek, B.
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Published
1998-05-28
Volume
338
Issue
22
Pages
1565-1571
ISSN
  • 0028-4793
  • 1533-4406
DOI
10.1056/nejm199805283382201
Cited by
135
References
1
Language
en

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