Glucose-Lowering Drugs to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
In patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease (or in those with a high risk of cardiovascular disease) in whom glycemic goals are not achieved with metformin, agents from the GLP-1 receptor agonist or SGLT2 inhibitor classes with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit constitute the recommended treatment.
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Based on evidence from both clinical and pre-clinical studies, metformin, independent of its anti-hyperglycemic actions, directly protects the endothelium.
“Based on evidence from both clinical and pre-clinical studies metformin, independent of its anti-hyperglycemic actions, directly protects the endothelium (33–35).”
From A Critical Review of the Evidence That Metformin Is a Putative Anti-Aging Drug That Enhances Healthspan and Extends Lifespan (2021) · cites this paper as [35]
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References 53 · Cited by 101
- Authors
- Kalyani, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kalyani, Rita R.
- ORCID
- Kalyani, Rita R.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-04
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1248-1260
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W3140269976
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 22
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk reduction, antidiabetic drugs, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, metformin, glycemic control, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Metformin, Middle Aged
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