The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Prednisone, Azathioprine, and N -Acetylcysteine for Pulmonary Fibrosis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: A combination of prednisone, azathioprine, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been widely used as a treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The safety and efficacy of this three-drug regimen is unknown. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we assigned patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had mild-to-moderate lung-function impairment to one of three groups -- receiving a combination of prednisone, azathioprine, and NAC (combination therapy), NAC alone, or placebo -- in a 1:1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was the change in longitudinal measurements of forced vital capacity during a 60-week treatment period. RESULTS: When approximately 50% of data had been collected (with 77 patients in the combination-therapy group and 78 in the placebo group), a planned interim analysis revealed that patients in the combination-therapy group, as compared with the placebo group, had an increased rate of death (8 vs. 1, P=0.01) and hospitalization (23 vs. 7, P<0.001). These observations, coupled with no evidence of physiological or clinical benefit for combination therapy, prompted the independent data and safety monitoring board to recommend termination of the combination-therapy group at a mean follow-up of 32 weeks. Data from the ongoing comparison of the NAC-only group and the placebo group are not reported here. CONCLUSIONS: Increased risks of death and hospitalization were observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who were treated with a combination of prednisone, azathioprine, and NAC, as compared with placebo. These findings provide evidence against the use of this combination in such patients. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Cowlin Family Fund; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00650091.).
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Cites
Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Collard, H. R., Moore, B. B., Flaherty, K. R., Brown, K. K., Kaner, R. J., King, T. E., Lasky, J. A., Loyd, J. E., Noth, I., Olman, M. A., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-463pp · Cited by 1,130
High-Dose Acetylcysteine in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Demedts, M., Behr, J., Buhl, R., Costabel, U., Dekhuijzen, R., Jansen, H. M., MacNee, W., Thomeer, M., Wallaert, B., Laurent, F., et al. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa042976 · Cited by 964
BUILD-3: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Bosentan in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
King, T. E., Brown, K. K., Raghu, G., du Bois, R. M., Lynch, D. A., Martinez, F., Valeyre, D., Leconte, I., Morganti, A., Roux, S., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201011-1874oc · Cited by 718
BUILD-1: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Bosentan in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
King, T. E., Behr, J., Brown, K. K., du Bois, R. M., Lancaster, L., de Andrade, J. A., Stähler, G., Leconte, I., Roux, S., & Raghu, G. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200705-732oc · Cited by 500
Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis with Etanercept: An Exploratory, Placebo-controlled Trial
Raghu, G., Brown, K. K., Costabel, U., Cottin, V., du Bois, R. M., Lasky, J. A., Thomeer, M., Utz, J. P., Khandker, R. K., McDermott, L., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200709-1446oc · Cited by 370
Cited by
Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline
Raghu, G., Remy-Jardin, M., Myers, J. L., Richeldi, L., Ryerson, C. J., Lederer, D. J., Behr, J., Cottin, V., Danoff, S. K., Morell, F., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201807-1255st · Cited by 4,103
Richeldi, L., Collard, H. R., & Jones, M. G. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30866-8 · Cited by 2,020
Lederer, D. J., & Martinez, F. J. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1705751 · Cited by 2,056
Raghu, G., Rochwerg, B., Zhang, Y., Garcia, C. A. C., Azuma, A., Behr, J., Brozek, J. L., Collard, H. R., Cunningham, W., Homma, S., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201506-1063st · Cited by 1,916
Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. An International Working Group Report
Collard, H. R., Ryerson, C. J., Corte, T. J., Jenkins, G., Kondoh, Y., Lederer, D. J., Lee, J. S., Maher, T. M., Wells, A. U., Antoniou, K. M., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201604-0801ci · Cited by 1,444
Metadata
- Authors
- The Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Clinical Research Network
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2012-05-24
- Volume
- 366
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 1968-1977
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2098305693
- Cited by
- 1,621
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 77.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- The Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Clinical Research Network. (2012). Prednisone, Azathioprine, and N -Acetylcysteine for Pulmonary Fibrosis. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1113354
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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