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Follow-up of Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial previously showed that intensive glucose lowering, as compared with standard therapy, did not significantly reduce the rate of major cardiovascular events among 1791 military veterans (median follow-up, 5.6 years). We report the extended follow-up of the study participants. METHODS: After the conclusion of the clinical trial, we followed participants, using central databases to identify procedures, hospitalizations, and deaths (complete cohort, with follow-up data for 92.4% of participants). Most participants agreed to additional data collection by means of annual surveys and periodic chart reviews (survey cohort, with 77.7% follow-up). The primary outcome was the time to the first major cardiovascular event (heart attack, stroke, new or worsening congestive heart failure, amputation for ischemic gangrene, or cardiovascular-related death). Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: The difference in glycated hemoglobin levels between the intensive-therapy group and the standard-therapy group averaged 1.5 percentage points during the trial (median level, 6.9% vs. 8.4%) and declined to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points by 3 years after the trial ended. Over a median follow-up of 9.8 years, the intensive-therapy group had a significantly lower risk of the primary outcome than did the standard-therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 0.99; P=0.04), with an absolute reduction in risk of 8.6 major cardiovascular events per 1000 person-years, but did not have reduced cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.20; P=0.42). No reduction in total mortality was evident (hazard ratio in the intensive-therapy group, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.25; P=0.54; median follow-up, 11.8 years). CONCLUSIONS: After nearly 10 years of follow-up, patients with type 2 diabetes who had been randomly assigned to intensive glucose control for 5.6 years had 8.6 fewer major cardiovascular events per 1000 person-years than those assigned to standard therapy, but no improvement was seen in the rate of overall survival. (Funded by the VA Cooperative Studies Program and others; VADT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00032487.).
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“Numerous studies have demonstrated the clinical benefits of early achievement of nearnormal glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes (77-83).”
From Clinical Targets for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Interpretation: Recommendations From the International Consensus on Time in Range (2019) · cites this paper as [83]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Post-trial observational follow-up of the VADT over 10 years has also shown a significant reduction in the primary outcome of major CVD events, with myocardial infarctions and heart failure being the most common outcomes (60).”
From 6. Glycemic Goals, Hypoglycemia, and Hyperglycemic Crises: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. (2026) · cites this paper as [60]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“However, during an observational median follow up of 9.8 years, the intensive-therapy group had a significantly lower risk of the primary outcome (MI, stroke, new or worsening congestive heart failure [CHF], amputation for ischemic gangrene, or CV-related death) than did the standard therapy group (HR 0.83, p=0.04), with an absolute reduction in risk of 8.6 major CV events per 1,000 personyears (”
From Targets for Glycemic Control (2018) · cites this paper as [27]
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“Additionally, longer-term epidemiological follow-up of these studies also showed a pattern of CVD benefit (58-60).”
From 6. Glycemic Goals, Hypoglycemia, and Hyperglycemic Crises: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. (2026) · cites this paper as [60]
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In the citing paper
“In people with type 2 diabetes and established, or very high risk for, cardiovascular disease (CVD), there is a clear association between an increased mortality and severe hypoglycemia (62,63) and symptomatic hypoglycemia (64).”
From Hypoglycemia (2018) · cites this paper as [62]
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In the citing paper
“Meta-analyses have clearly shown that tight blood glucose control leads to the suppression of ASCVD incidence795, 796).”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [795]
In the citing paper
“However, 10-year follow-up of the VADT cohort (64) did demonstrate a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events (52.7 [control group] vs. 44.1 [intervention group] events per 1,000 person-years) with no benefit in cardiovascular or overall mortality.”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [64]
In the citing paper
“However, 10-year follow-up of the VADT cohort (64) did demonstrate a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events (52.7 [control group] vs. 44.1 [intervention group] events per 1,000 person-years) with no benefit in cardiovascular or overall mortality.”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [64]
In the citing paper
“However, 10-year follow-up of the VADT cohort (64) did demonstrate a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events (52.7 [control group] vs. 44.1 [intervention group] events per 1,000 person-years) with no benefit in cardiovascular or overall mortality.”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [64]
In the citing paper
“In all three trials, severe hypoglycemia was significantly more likely in participants who were randomly assigned to the intensive glycemic control arm.”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [64]
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Lack of Glycemic Legacy Effects in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial
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“28 However, a study discussing the short-term mortality and incidence of first hospitalizations for cardiovascular events within 6 months of COVID-19 reported that the co-presence of COVID-19 and diabetes did not lead to any additional risk in terms of both cardiovascular events and mortality, 29…”
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“Data from the ACCORD trial showed increased mortality associated with intensive glucose control (glycated hemoglobin level below 6.0%), probably because of frequent hypoglycemic episodes associated with very strict glycemic control.5,6 Lack of benefit in cardiovascular mortality from intensive glucose control has also…”
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“Similar observations of long-term mortality effect, remote from the active study phase, have been made in other areas of cardiovascular therapeutics [16,29].”
BackgroundJung, H. H., & Lee, S. (2019) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13892 · Cited by 6
“9 mmol/L, intensive treatment only had a marginal benefit on macrovascular outcomes, with no benefits on mortality compared with standard treatment.(8,24,30) Unlike the ADVANCE study or the UKPDS, the VADT evaluated patients with poorly controlled blood glucose with a mean baseline FBG of 11.”
Wang, P., Yuan, D., Jia, S., Zhu, P., Zhang, C., Liu, Y., Li, T., Jiang, L., Song, Y., Xu, J., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.691641 · Cited by 6
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Chalmers, J. P., Woodward, M., Borghi, C., Manolis, A. J., & Mancia, G. (2016) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000000987 · Cited by 6
“[10,11] ADVANCE-ON has also reported long-term, posttrial mortality benefits following blood pressure (BP) lowering with the combination of perindopril and indapamide [10].”
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Are Diabetes Care Providers Too Glucocentric?
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Long-term follow-up of intensive glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes
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Use of the Burden of Diabetes Mellitus Score for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment
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Self-citationBenefits of 12-month peer support for diabetes self management sustained at 18 months
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“Wird der Nachbeobachtungszeitraum erweitert, so konnte in der VADT-Studie nach 9,8 Jahren eine signifikante Reduktion kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse dokumentiert werden (HR 0,83; CI 0,70–0,99; p=0,04) [24].”
BackgroundPaukovitsch, M., Felbel, D., Groeger, M., Rottbauer, W., Markovic, S., Tadic, M. V., Schneider, L. M., & Keßler, M. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12103502 · Cited by 5
“Moreover, poor glycemic control was associated with worse outcomes in previous studies in patients suffering from diabetes [32] as well as in diabetics with heart failure [33].”
ResultA Cohort Study on the Outcome of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Sanjeeviraj, S., Subburaj, A., Aluri, S., Sekar, B. R. T., Jalan, M., & Joseph, A. G. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.48030 · Cited by 5
Échec des antidiabétiques oraux à doses maximales tolérées : Quels traitements injectables?
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Outcome studies and safety as guide for decision making in treating patients with type 2 diabetes
Cahn, A., Cernea, S., & Raz, I. (2016) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-016-9351-6 · Cited by 5
Tightening our understanding of intensive glycaemic control
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Management of Diabetes Mellitus
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“participants were analyzed (Accord Study Group, 2016; Hayward et al., 2015), the early findings brought long-term outcomes of intensive glycemic control in patients with T2D under scrutiny.”
BackgroundGlucose Lowering Strategies for Cardiac Benefits: Pathophysiological Mechanisms
BAJAJ, H. S., & Zinman, B. (2018) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00004.2018 · Cited by 4
“The hypothesis that the mortality benefit of intensive glucose lowering is restricted to subjects with early diabetes is further substantiated by a stratified analysis from Veteran’s Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) follow-up study, which demonstrated a significant reduction in the expanded MACE (heart attack, stroke, ne…”
ResultTo What Target Hemoglobin A1c Level Would You Treat This Patient With Type 2 Diabetes?
Smetana, G. W., Nathan, D. M., Dugdale, D. C., & Burns, R. B. (2019) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m19-0946 · Cited by 7
Liu, Y., Xu, H., Li, J., Yang, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, X., Li, J., Yu, Y., & Qin, G. (2022) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14826 · Cited by 4
“Intensive attention to HbA1c may lead to hypoglycaemia.(29,59,60) FBG can be measured with a simple glucose meter, which is more convenient than HbA1c.”
BackgroundKloecker, D. E., Davies, M. J., Pitocco, D., Khunti, K., & Zaccardi, F. (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3634 · Cited by 4
LncRNA HCG27 Promotes Glucose Uptake Ability of HUVECs by MiR-378a-3p/MAPK1 Pathway
Zhang, J., Jiang, Y., Wei, L., Zhou, X., Zhu, S., Zhang, H., Chen, Y., Gao, P., Yu, J., Wang, S., et al. (2023) · Current Medical Science · doi:10.1007/s11596-023-2738-1 · Cited by 4
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Intensifying Treatment Beyond Monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Where Do Newer Therapies Fit?
Kühn, A., Park, J., Ghazi, A., & Aroda, V. R. (2017) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-017-0832-3 · Cited by 4
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Treatment of diabetes mellitus has borne much fruit in the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Yagyu, H., & Shimano, H. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.13859 · Cited by 4
McDaniel, C. C., Lo‐Ciganic, W., Garza, K. B., Kavookjian, J., Fox, B. I., & Chou, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1158454 · Cited by 4
Lo, S., Chen, W.-L., Muo, C., Chen, P., Chen, S., Kuo, C.-L., & Sung, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00719 · Cited by 4
Role of Glucose and Lipids in the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease of Patients with Diabetes
Feingold, K. R. (2020) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 4
Zhuo, C., Lin, C., Zhou, C., Gao, X., Shao, H., Fang, T., Tian, H., Ding, L., & Liu, M. R. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.759262 · Cited by 4
“Use of traditional antidiabetic drugs to control blood glucose has reduced the numbers of micro-vascular events in T2DM patients, yet has not been able to significantly reduce the risk of macro-vascular events in all patients (Group UPDSU, 1998; Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group et al., 200…”
BackgroundNovel and Emerging Insulin Preparations for Type 2 Diabetes
Cheung, K. K. T., & Senior, P. A. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.09.082 · Cited by 4
Diabetes management in older people: a focus on cardiovascular risk reduction
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Ofstad, A. P., Ulimoen, G. R., Orvik, E., Birkeland, K. I., Gullestad, L. L., Fagerland, M. W., & Johansen, O. E. (2017) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/0300060517707674 · Cited by 4
“improved glycaemic control are also in line with the follow-up study of the glucose arm in the ADVANCE study,(14) but in contrast to the UKPDS and VADT follow-up trials.(15,16) This lack of benefit also occurred in spite of a clear beneficial impact on CV risk markers at the end of intervention, as previously reported…”
ResultBariatric surgery is beneficial for cardiovascular in type 2 diabetes patients
Ma, J., & Han, J. (2020) · Obesity Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100231 · Cited by 4
Trenell, M. I., Robles, M. C., Taylor, L., Northway, N., Kerr, K. W., Lumsden, C., Avery, L., Faluyi, D., Rueda, R., & SULO, S. S. (2025) · Clinical Diabetes · doi:10.2337/cd25-0054 · Cited by 4
Zhang, J., Lu, H., Cao, M., Zhang, J., Liu, D., Meng, X., Zheng, D., Wu, L., Liu, X., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo14050255 · Cited by 3
“Additionally, the results of this study also need to be further verified by data from other East Asian populations.”
ResultMartha, S., Jangam, P. H., & Bhansali, S. G. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/jcph.6105 · Cited by 3
Liu, X., Yang, X., & Wu, N. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2024/9958586 · Cited by 5
“Compared with healthy individuals, patients with T2DM have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease [3], and cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients.”
BackgroundLovre, D., Htun, W., Carrion, C., & Fonseca, V. A. (2016) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-016-0788-5 · Cited by 3
Current data on the effectiveness of gliclazide and molecular mechanisms of action of the drug
Petunina, N. A., Кузина, И. А., & Недосугова, Л. В. (2020) · Diabetes Mellitus · doi:10.14341/dm12487 · Cited by 3
Gudi, S. K., Bugden, S., Singer, A. G., & Falk, J. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.02.010 · Cited by 3
Atherogenic dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: The PREDISAT study
Climent, E., Millán, J., Ascaso, J. F., Tembra, M. S., Morillas, C., Civeira, F., Bellón, J. M., Pedro‐Botet, J., & the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society Working Group on Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia (2023) · Lipids · doi:10.1002/lipd.12374 · Cited by 3
Orna, J. A. G. (2016) · Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado · doi:10.1016/j.med.2016.09.002 · Cited by 4
Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Ma, Y., Song, X., Li, S., Zhan, X., & Wu, L. (2018) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0863-9 · Cited by 3
Verbovoy, A. F., Владимировна, П. А., Verbovaya, N. I., Madyanov, I. V., Sharonova, L. A., & Galkin, R. A. (2018) · Terapevticheskii arkhiv · doi:10.26442/terarkh2018908113-117 · Cited by 3
“Хорошо известны долгосрочные преимущества интенсивного гликемического контроля в отношении снижения риска осложнений и смертности, особенно когда он начинается сразу после диагностики у молодых пациентов без сопутствующих осложнений [11].”
Diabetes management: Beyond hemoglobin A1c
Makin, V., & Lansang, M. C. (2019) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.86a.18031 · Cited by 3
Деякі аспекти медикаментозної терапії цукрового діабету 2-го типу у людей з надмірною масою тіла
Jargin, S. V. (2019) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) · doi:10.22141/2224-0721.15.5.2019.180046 · Cited by 3
Tailoring nutrient sequence and content to improve glucose tolerance: Why and how to do it
Monnier, L., Bonnet, F., & Colette, C. (2016) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2016.04.003 · Cited by 3
Riesgo cardiovascular en la enfermedad renal crónica
Subiza, A. K., Odriozola, M., Rios, P. G., Lamadrid, V., Mazzuchi, N., & Gadola, L. (2016) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 3
Jaffiol, C., & Godeau, P. (2015) · Bulletin de l Académie Nationale de Médecine · doi:10.1016/s0001-4079(19)30859-3 · Cited by 3
Nouraei, H., Leiter, L. A., Tan, M., Langer, A., Teoh, H., CHENG, A. Y. Y., Wald, R., Connelly, K. A., Goodman, S. G., & Yan, A. T.-K. (2021) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.02.003 · Cited by 3
Polypharmacology in Clinical Applications: Metabolic Disease Polypharmacology
Wang, Z., & Yang, B. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04998-9_5 · Cited by 3
Ghouse, J., Blanche, P., Skov, M. W., Lind, B., Vaag, A. A., Kanters, J. K., Svendsen, J. H., Køber, L., OLESEN, M. S., Gerds, T. A., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa072 · Cited by 3
A Diabetes-Atrial Fibrillation Conundrum
Bloomgarden, Z. T., & Bansilal, S. (2016) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.11.035 · Cited by 3
“8 years did show a significant 17% lower risk of the primary outcome in the intensive-therapy group compared with the standard-therapy group (14).”
ResultAdrita, S. A., & Bacsa, J. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.86784 · Cited by 2
Exploring the value of ChatGPT in selecting antidiabetic agents for type 2 diabetes
Jang, S. A., Kwon, S., Kim, C. S., Park, S. W., & Kim, K. M. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16630 · Cited by 4
Khalil, S. H. A., Bassyouni, A., Toaima, D. N., Gawish, H., Hefnawy, H. E., Megallaa, M. H. Z., Abushady, M. M., Elkafrawy, N., Hosny, S. S., & Massoud, T. M. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092861 · Cited by 3
“Modifications to the diabetes care in Egypt should be guided by the identified gaps in management and prevention reflected in real-world data.”
The Cardiovascular Effects of Acute and Chronic Hypoglycemia
Dintakurti, A., Parikh, M. A., Silver, R., Frishman, W. H., & Peterson, S. J. (2025) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/crd.0000000000001114 · Cited by 2
Insulin Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus-Tight vs. Conventional Control
Emanuele, N., & Reaven, P. D. (2023) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13177-6_34 · Cited by 2
Self-citationGumprecht, J. J., Lip, G. Y. H., Sokal, A., Średniawa, B., Stokwiszewski, J., Zdrojewski, T. R., Rutkowski, M., Grodzicki, T. K., Kaźmierczak, J., Opolski, G., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-43939-5 · Cited by 3
“65–69 years 142 [15] 70–74 years 197 [21] 75–79 years 189 [20] 80–84 years 168 [18] 85–89 years 118 [12] ≥ 90 years 67 [8] Female Heart Failure 242 [27] Chronic kidney disease (eGFR 60 ml/min) 285 [35] Chronic kidney disease (TOTAL) 364 [40] Haemodialysis 5 [5] Stroke 118 [12] Ischemic cerebral…”
MethodSerowik, T. C., & Pantalone, K. M. (2023) · Journal of Osteopathic Medicine · doi:10.1515/jom-2023-0179 · Cited by 4
“…MI, ischemic stroke, new/worsening heart failure) in the intensive therapy cohort (HR 0.83; 95 % CI, 0.70 – 0.99; p =0.04) after a median of 9.8 years of follow-up [13], but there was no reduction in risk of the same events with 15 years of follow-up (HR 0.91; 95 % CI, 0.78 – 1.06; p =0.23) [14].”
BackgroundInfluentialBasu, A., Montano‐Campos, F., Huang, E. S., Laiteerapong, N., & Barthold, D. (2024) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15878 · Cited by 3
“5,6 Over the past decade, the number of available glucose-lowering agents has expanded, creating more options as well as uncertainty regarding the optimal approach to glucose control.”
Management of Diabetes in Stroke
Emanuele, M., & Emanuele, N. (2017) · Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803058-5.00145-4 · Cited by 2
Self-citationFuentes, B., Amaro, S., de Leciñana, M. A., Arenillas, J. F., Martín, Ó. A., Castellanos, M., Freijo, M., García-Pastor, Gomis, M., Choco, M. G., et al. (2021) · Neurología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2020.04.022 · Cited by 3
Antoku, Y., Takemoto, M., Mito, T., Shiiyama, R., Otsuka-Morisaki, H., Tanaka, A., Maeda, Y., & Tsuchihashi, T. (2021) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.6893-20 · Cited by 2
“Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD), especially coronary artery disease (CAD), is well known to be the leading cause of complications and death in patients with T2DM (2-4).”
BackgroundCardiovascular Safety of Current and Emerging Glucose-Lowering Therapies
FITCHETT, D. H. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.09.083 · Cited by 2
Avant-propos: Itinéraire des stratégies thérapeutiques du diabète de type 2
Monnier, L., Azrak, A. E., Essekkat, N., & Rochd, D. (2016) · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques · doi:10.1016/s1957-2557(16)30026-8 · Cited by 2
Bucher, S., Panjo, H., Al‐Salameh, A., Bauduceau, B., Benattar‐Zibi, L., Bertin, P., Berrut, G., Corruble, E., Danchin, N., Dérumeaux, G., et al. (2016) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2016.05.008 · Cited by 2
Results from Cardiovascular Outcome Trials in Diabetes
Muñoz‐Torres, M., & Muñoz‐Garach, A. (2016) · Endocrinología y Nutrición (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.endoen.2016.08.003 · Cited by 2
PURLs: Need an add-on to metformin? Consider this.
Wyncott, D., Lyon, C., & Mounsey, A. (2017) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 2
Kardiovaskuläre Effekte antidiabetischer Therapie
Laubner, K., & Seufert, J. (2017) · DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1055/s-0043-100564 · Cited by 2
“Drei weitere kardiovaskuläre Interventionsstudien (ACCORD [18], ADVANCE [19] und VADT [20]) zeigten übereinstimmend keine signifikante Reduktion kardiovaskulärer Endpunkte im kurzzeitigen Studienverlauf ▶ Tab.”
BackgroundInfluentialAntihyperglycemic agents and cardiovascular outcomes
BAJAJ, H. S., Zinman, B., & Verma, S. (2017) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000000435 · Cited by 4
La réduction de l’hyperglycémie entraîne-t-elle un bénéfice cardiovasculaire ?
Vergès, B. L. (2018) · La Presse Médicale · doi:10.1016/j.lpm.2018.08.005 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Hayward, R. A., Reaven, P. D., Wiitala, W. L., Bahn, G. D., Reda, D. J., Ge, L., McCarren, M., Duckworth, W. C., & Emanuele, N. V.
- Affiliations
- Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital (US)
- Phoenix VA Health Care System (US)
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (US)
- Veterans Health Administration (US)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2015-06-04
- Volume
- 372
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2197-2206
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2153552938
- Cited by
- 668
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 105 · 2016: 113 · 2015: 44
- FWCI
- 97.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (98‐004)
- Amgen
- AstraZeneca
- Health Services Research and Development
- Novo Nordisk
- National Institutes of Health (98-004)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL067690, R01HL094775)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK092926)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, tight glycemic control, glycemic control, HbA1c, major cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, military veterans, long-term follow-up, cardiovascular risk reduction, congestive heart failure, amputation, stroke, myocardial infarction, ischemic gangrene
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Survival Analysis
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